野新玉
1.Practise saying the following tongue twisters.
此句中的practise意思是“實踐;實行;練習”,它可作及物動詞,也可作不及物動詞,在美國英語中,也可拼寫為practice。當其作為及物動詞時,后面可接名詞或代詞、動名詞、賓語從句,但不可接動詞不定式。例如:
I havent been practising enough. 我練習得還不夠。(不及物)
Shes practising a new piece on the piano.
她在練習彈奏一支新曲子。(接名詞)
Practise throwing the ball into the net. 練習投籃。(接動名詞)
The pupils are practising what the teacher has taught.
學生們正在練習教師講授過的內容。(接賓語從句)
2 .… so she bought some better butter to make the bitter butter better.
句中make為使役動詞,其后接的是復合賓語,即“make+賓語+adj.(賓補)”結構。make后的賓補除形容詞外,還可以由名詞、不帶to的不定式、過去分詞等來充當。例如:
We made him our monitor. 我們選他為班長。(名詞作賓補)
His cheerful joking made us forget our weariness.
他講的愉快的笑話使我們忘記了疲勞。(不帶to的動詞不定式)
When I first came to China, I had much trouble making myself understood. 我剛到中國時,很難讓人聽懂我的話。(過去分詞作賓補)
相關鏈接:
英語中能接這種復合賓語的詞還有很多:paint, get(ready), cut(short), set(free), keep, find, want, wish, like, see, imagine, turn, beat(black and blue), prove, think, believe, consider, leave, etc. 例如:
Do you like your tea weak or strong? 你喝茶喜歡淡一點還是濃一點?
I find it difficult to finish the task in such a short time.
我發(fā)現(xiàn)在這么短的時間內完成這項工作很困難。
The naughty boy beat his brother black and blue.
那個淘氣的男孩把弟弟打得鼻青臉腫。
3.I wish to wish the wish you wish to wish, but if you wish the wish witch wishes. I wont wish the wish you wish to wish.
(1)wish作名詞:
①作可數(shù)名詞,表示“愿望;意愿;所愿之事物”。例如:
My wish came true. 我的愿望實現(xiàn)了。
②表示“祝愿”時,多用復數(shù)形式。例如:
Please give my best wishes to your parents. 請代我向你父母問好。
(2)作動詞。表示“愿望;希望;想要;祝愿;但愿”,常用于以下幾種結構中:
①“wish+不定式”。例如:
She wished to be alone. 她不想被打擾。
②“wish+賓語+賓語補足語”,即wish后跟復合賓語,賓補可由不定式、形容詞、副詞、過去分詞等來充當。例如:
I wish you to go home at once. 我希望你馬上回家。
I wish it true. 我希望它是真的。
I wish it done at once. 我希望它馬上被完成。
③“wish+間賓+直賓(=wish+直賓+to)”。例如:
I wish you a pleasant journey. 祝你旅途愉快。
④“wish+賓語從句”,從句中常用虛擬語氣,通常用來表示一種不易達到的愿望。例如:
I wish(that) I were young again! 要是我能返老還童多好??!
I wish I had never met him. 我多么希望從來沒有見過他。
4.In England, who can marry couples in church?
(1)marry在本句中作及物動詞,后接結婚的新人,表示“(牧師)為……主持婚禮”,此時的主語常常是minister, priest等神職人員。例如:
Which priest is going to marry them? 哪位牧師為他們主持結婚儀式?
marry作及物動詞時,更普遍、更常用的意義為“嫁;娶;把女兒嫁給某人”,其后直接跟嫁、娶的對象,此時marry是終止性動作,不能與表示一段時間的狀語連用,也不能和with連用。表示“把某人嫁給某人”,要用marry sb. to sb.。例如:
Im going to marry John. 我要和約翰結婚了。
Mr Brown wanted to marry his daughter to a rich man.
布朗先生要把他的女兒嫁給一個有錢人。
(2)marry作不及物動詞,意為“結婚”,也是終止性動詞,有時和形容詞、副詞連用。例如:
She married late in life. 她結婚很晚。
Only two months after the divorce did he marry again.
他離婚后才兩個月就又結婚了。
(3)在非正式文體中,“結婚”常用be/get married to sb., get married表示動作,be married表示狀態(tài),其中to不能換成with。例如:
She got married to a man from her hometown. 她和一位同鄉(xiāng)結了婚。
The old couple have already been married for 60 years.
這對老夫妻結婚已經60年了。
5.Two days Iater I received a letter offering me the job.
本句中的offering是V-ing形式在此作賓語補足語,說明letter的內容。offer是動詞,意為“提供;提出”,其常用的結構有:
offersth.提供某物;提出某事to do sth.愿意做某事sb. sth.給某人提供某物
May I offer a suggestion? 我可以提一個建議嗎?
Ive been offered a job in advertising. 有一份廣告工作聘請我去做。
He offered to drive me to the station. 他愿意開車送我去車站。
6.Match each picture with the emotion and the correct sentence.
(1)此處match為及物動詞,意為“使/和……調和;相配”,其后直接跟賓語。例如:
The colour of the shirt does not match that of the tie.
襯衫的顏色與領帶不相配。
Please match each answer with the correct question.
請把每個答案與相應的問題搭配起來。
(2)match的另一個意思是“與……匹敵;成為……的好對手;勢均力敵”。常用結構為match+n.+against/with+n.。例如:
He matched his shooting skill against the experts.
他和專家比賽射擊技術。
Im ready to match my strength with/against yours.
我要和你比一比,看誰的力氣大。