Ｕｎｉｔｓ５—６考點(diǎn)搜索

1.While still a student, she played roles in many plays.

1)While still a student為時(shí)間狀語從句的省略形式，相當(dāng)于While she was still a student。

時(shí)間狀語從句和條件狀語從句的省略必須符合下面兩個(gè)條件：

(1)如果從句中主要?jiǎng)釉~是be的某種形式，可以將主語和動(dòng)詞be省略掉。引導(dǎo)詞常是when, while, as, whenever, before, until, till, if, unless though, as if, once。

Be careful when (you are) crossing the street. 過馬路時(shí)要小心。

He wont be here unless (he is) invited. 除非被邀請，否則他不會來。

(2)從句主語與主句主語一致，或從句主語為it。

If (it is) necessary, Ill have the letter copied.

如果有必要，我可以叫人把這封信抄一份。

Ill start writing the novel this winter if (it is) possible.

如有可能，我要在今冬著手寫這部小說。

2)play a/the role in意為“擔(dān)當(dāng)……角色；發(fā)揮……的作用”。

Zhang Ziyi plays the role/part of Yu Jiaolong.

章子怡扮演玉嬌龍這一角色。

The computer plays an important part in our daily life.

計(jì)算機(jī)在我們的日常生活中起著非常重要的作用。

考點(diǎn)對接

____ role she played in the film! No wonder she has won an Oscar.

A. How interesting B. How an interesting

C. What interesting D. What an interesting

解析：D 感嘆句，句式為：What+a(an)+形容詞+單數(shù)名詞。

2.Meryl Streep got married in 1978 and has a son and three daughters.

marry v.結(jié)婚

marry sb.與……結(jié)婚be married結(jié)婚be (get) married to sb.與……結(jié)婚

Bob will marry Mary. 鮑勃將和瑪麗結(jié)婚。

He has been married for seven years. 他已經(jīng)結(jié)婚7年了。

She has been married to Smith. 她已同史密斯結(jié)了婚。

注意：

(1)marry為非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，所以不能說They have married for a year. 而應(yīng)說They have been married for a year.或They married a year ago.

(2)和某人結(jié)婚不用介詞with，因?yàn)閙arry是及物動(dòng)詞，但可以說she married a man with a lot of money. 她與一個(gè)很有錢的人結(jié)婚了。（該處with意為“有”)

(3)marry還可作及物動(dòng)詞，與to連用，表示將某人嫁給某人。

She wants to marry her daughter to a rich man.

她想將女兒嫁給一位富人。

考點(diǎn)對接

——____ David and Vicky ____ married?

——For about three years.

A. How long were; being B. How long have; got

C. How long have; been D. How long did; get

解析：C be married表示狀態(tài)；get married表示動(dòng)作。

3.This was the moment when Spielbergs career really took off.

1)take off在本句中意為“成名；成功”。其主要意思還有“脫掉(衣服);(飛機(jī))起飛；從……拿走；把……帶走”。

Luo Shengjiao took off his coat and jumped into the iced river.

羅盛教脫下外套跳進(jìn)了冰冷的水里。

The plane takes off at six according to the timetable.

按照時(shí)刻表飛機(jī)在6點(diǎn)起飛。

Take your hand off my shoulder. 把你的手從我的肩膀移開。

He was taken off to prison. 他被送進(jìn)監(jiān)獄。

2)when引導(dǎo)定語從句修飾先行詞the moment, when在此從句中作時(shí)間狀語，類似于moment的名詞還有time， days， ages等。

考點(diǎn)對接

There was ____ time ____ I hated to go to school.

A. a; that B. a; when C. the; that D. the; when

解析：Ba time表一段時(shí)間，time之后帶有一個(gè)定語從句，修飾a time, when在從句中作時(shí)間狀語。

4.It is about a big white shark that attacks swimmers who are spending their holidays in a small village by the sea.

by the sea在海邊；by sea=by ship水路

名詞前不用冠詞時(shí)，表抽象概念或用途，加the特指某一地點(diǎn)：

go to school上學(xué) go to the school去那個(gè)學(xué)校

go to hospital 看病 go to the hospital 去那家醫(yī)院

at table 在吃飯 at the table 在桌邊

考點(diǎn)對接

When he left _____ college, he got a job as ____ reporter in a newspaper office.

A. 不填； a B. 不填； the C. a； the D. the； the

解析：A leave college無冠詞表示從大學(xué)畢業(yè)(輟學(xué))，不表示離開某一個(gè)具體的大學(xué)；a reporter一名記者，a表示泛指。

5.Many people who saw the film were afraid to swim in the sea when they remembered the scenes in which people were eaten by the shark.

1)be afraid to do…與be afraid of doing…

be afraid to do…意思是“不敢做……，害怕做……”，表示因害怕而不敢做某事。

be afraid of doing…意思是“擔(dān)心做……”，表示擔(dān)心某事可能發(fā)生。

He is afraid to go alone in the dark. 他不敢一個(gè)人在黑暗中行走。

He is afraid of falling into the swimming pool. 他擔(dān)心掉進(jìn)游泳池里。

2)when連詞，“當(dāng)……時(shí)候”。

3)in which…：介詞+which構(gòu)成的定語從句，修飾the scenes。

考點(diǎn)對接

Many people who had seen the film were afraid to go to forest when they remembered the scenes ____ people were eaten by the tiger.

A. in which B. by which C. which D. that

解析：A 本題句意是：很多看過這部電影的人，當(dāng)回想到人被老虎吃掉的情景時(shí)，他們就不敢去森林里了。people were eaten by the tiger是定語從句，先行詞the scenes在定語從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語，所以選A(in which)。

6.When the park is hit by a storm, things start going wrong.

1)辨析：hit, strike, knock, attack

hit, strike和knock這三個(gè)詞都有“打”的意思，但用法還是有區(qū)別的。

(1)hit意為“碰撞”“打”“擊中”，“腦袋撞在某物上”。一般說hit ones head on/against sth.,很少說ones head hits…。

She hit her forehead against the wall as she fell.

她跌倒時(shí)，前額撞在了墻上。

The bullet hit him in the chest. 子彈擊中了他的胸膛。

hit可引申為“使遭受(自然災(zāi)害、損失、痛苦)”等。

A powerful earthquake hit the city. 這座城市遭受了一次強(qiáng)烈地震。

The death of her son has hit Mrs Page hard.

兒子的死使佩奇太太悲痛欲絕。

hit還可引申為“猜中”“達(dá)到”“碰到”之意。

Youve hit it. 你猜中了。

The new train can hit 120 mph. 這種新型火車時(shí)速可達(dá)120英里。

This idea hit me when I woke up this morning.

(hit可換成struck)今天早上我醒來時(shí)，突然產(chǎn)生了這個(gè)想法。

(2)strike為一般用語，意義較多，可表示“打”“擊”“撞”“咬”，也可引申為“吸引”。

Strike iron while it is hot. 趁熱打鐵。

The clock is now striking ten. 鐘正在敲十點(diǎn)。

We were deeply struck by his speech. 我們被他的演講深深打動(dòng)。

(3)knock除了指“敲(門)”以外，還可以表示“撞擊”，可以與down, off連用。

He knocked hard at the door. 他猛力敲門。(不用其他三個(gè)詞)

She almost knocked me down before she saw me.

她幾乎把我撞倒才看到我。

注意：knock可作名詞，意為“敲門聲”。

I heard a knock on the door. 我聽到了敲門聲。

(4)attack作及物動(dòng)詞，意為“攻擊”“襲擊”“攻打”。

Some terrorists attacked the Building of World Trade Center on September 11, 2001. 一些恐怖分子2001年9月11日襲擊了世貿(mào)大廈。

The rice was attacked by locusts. 稻田遭受了蝗災(zāi)。

A disease is attacking the tame birds. 一種疾病正在侵襲家禽。

attack作可數(shù)名詞，意為“攻擊”“(疾病)發(fā)作”等。

He was suffering an attack of fever. 他當(dāng)時(shí)在發(fā)燒。

She died of a heart attack. 她死于心臟病發(fā)作。

(5)start意為“開始”。既可以接不定式又可接動(dòng)名詞。意義上沒多大區(qū)別。

They started to do the experiment last Monday.

他們上周開始做試驗(yàn)了。

Marx started to learn(=learning) Russian in his fifties.

馬克思50多歲開始學(xué)俄語。

start在其主語是表示物時(shí)，一般用動(dòng)詞不定式。

The ice starts to melt. 冰開始融化了。

The water started to rise last night. 水位昨天夜間開始上升。

start充當(dāng)謂語且本身為進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)，一般接不定式。

Im glad you are starting to see it. 我很高興你開始明白了。

When the earthquake took place, she was starting to prepare supper.

地震發(fā)生時(shí)，她正開始準(zhǔn)備晚餐。

start后接表示心理活動(dòng)或精神狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞時(shí)，用不定式。

She started to wonder who had done it.

她想知道這件事究竟是誰做的。

After running half a kilometer, I started to feel tired.

跑了五百米之后，我開始感到累了。

2)go wrong意為“變壞”。go作系動(dòng)詞，后接形容詞作表語，這類形容詞或表示顏色或含貶義。

go作連系動(dòng)詞的用法

go是連系動(dòng)詞，作“處于……狀態(tài)”解。go作連系動(dòng)詞時(shí)還有“變成，成為”的意思，通常后接形容詞，表示情況向壞的方面轉(zhuǎn)化。

Now there are still a large number of people in the world going hungry every day. 現(xiàn)在世界上仍有許多人在挨餓。

If you dont take care of your eyesight, you will go blind.

如果你不注意保護(hù)視力的話，你會變瞎的。

常用來表示變化的系動(dòng)詞還有：become, turn, come, get, grow, run, fall等。

Our country is becoming stronger and stronger.

我們的國家正變得越來越強(qiáng)大。

Leaves turn yellow in autumn. 樹葉在秋天變黃。

Her dream that she will visit the Great Wall has come true.

她游覽長城的夢想已經(jīng)實(shí)現(xiàn)了。

考點(diǎn)對接

On hearing the news of the accident in the local mine, she ____ pale.

A. got B. changed C. went D. appeared

解析：C 此題考查連系動(dòng)詞的用法。首先排除B項(xiàng)，changed不是系動(dòng)詞，后面不能接形容詞。根據(jù)形容詞pale,是表示顏色或貶義的形容詞(如mad,hungry, rotten, red, pale等)，由好的方面變?yōu)椴缓玫姆矫妫杂胓o。

7.The village leader, Mr Tian, asks Wei Minzhi to take Mr Gaos place until he comes back.

1)take sb.s place意為“代替；取代；就座；就位”。也可以說take the place of sb./sth.。

Plastics has taken the place of steel in many fields.

塑料在許多領(lǐng)域里代替了鋼。

The meeting will begin in a minute. Please take your places.

會議就要開始了，請大家就座。

The chairman took his place on the rostrum. 主席在主席臺就座。

辨析:take place, happen

take place, happen都可表示“發(fā)生”。happen常指偶然的發(fā)生；而takeplace指經(jīng)過安排的必然發(fā)生。

When will their wedding take place? 他們的婚禮什么時(shí)候舉行？

An accident happened when he was on his way to school.

在他去上學(xué)的路上，發(fā)生了一次事故。

都不可用于被動(dòng)語態(tài)。

Electric trains have now taken the place of steam trains in England.

在英國電動(dòng)火車現(xiàn)在已取代了蒸汽火車。

When did the conversation take place? 這次談話是在什么時(shí)間？

Great changes have taken place recently in our city.

最近我們的城市發(fā)生了很大的變化。

2)until引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句。常用的句型結(jié)構(gòu)是not…until意為“直到……才……”。主句的動(dòng)詞是終止性動(dòng)詞。

He didnt come back until late in the evening. 到晚上很遲他才回來。

Dont open the door until the train stops. 火車未停，不要開門。

until用于肯定句，主句的動(dòng)詞是持續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。

I will wait until she comes back. 我一直等到她回來。

We discussed the problem until he came back.

我們討論問題一直討論到他回來。

not…until…的倒裝句。在倒裝句中應(yīng)將not until提到句首。

Not until then did he realize that he was mistaken.

直到那時(shí)他才意識到自己錯(cuò)了。

考點(diǎn)對接

A good story teller must be able to hold his listeners curiosity ____ he reaches the end of the story.

A. when B. unless C. after D. until

解析：D 根據(jù)句意“好的講述故事的人應(yīng)該讓聽眾一直把好奇心保持到故事結(jié)束?！?until句型的肯定句。

8.She becomes very worried and determines to bring Huike back safely.

1)determine作動(dòng)詞，意為“決定；決心”。

同義詞：decide; make up ones mind

He has determined to settle down in the countryside.

他已決定在鄉(xiāng)下定居。

He determines to learn Greek. 他決心學(xué)希臘語。

2)determined是形容詞，意為“決意的；決心的”。經(jīng)常用的詞組是be determined to do或be determined+that從句，從句應(yīng)用虛擬語氣should+動(dòng)詞原形。

She was determined not to follow his advice. 她決定不聽他的勸告。

He was determined that no one should know anything about it.

他決定不讓任何人知道此事。

3)determination是名詞，意為“決心”。

They carried out the plan with determination.

他們堅(jiān)決地執(zhí)行了這個(gè)計(jì)劃。

We have the determination to do the work well.

我們有決心把這項(xiàng)工作做好。

考點(diǎn)對接

His mothers words greatly encouraged him, so he ____ this time.

A. determined to success B. determined to succeed

B. was determined succeed D. was determined succeeding

解析：B “下決心成功”可譯為determined(過去時(shí)) to succeed或was determined to succeed。

9.What does Bill say to apologise for taking the bike without telling Cliff?

1)句中有一個(gè)很重要的詞apologise(道歉、致歉)，其用法如下：

(1)apologise to sb. for sth./doing sth.

You must apologise to her for keeping her waiting.

你讓她久等了，必須向她道歉。

(2)apologised to sb. that…

I apologised to my mother that I went home late.

我回家晚了，所以向母親道歉。

(3)apology n. “道歉，歉意”，常用結(jié)構(gòu)make an apology to sb.(for sth.)表示“(因某事)向某人道歉”。

I made an apology to him for misunderstanding him.

我誤解了他，所以向他道歉。

2)without指“無，沒有”，是介詞，后面常接名詞、代詞或動(dòng)名詞作其賓語，共同構(gòu)成介詞短語。

No one can leave without permission. 未經(jīng)允許任何人不得離開。

Little Tom often goes to school without having breakfast. Its bad for his health. 小湯姆經(jīng)常不吃早飯便去上學(xué)，那對他的健康有害。

考點(diǎn)對接

Victor apologised for ____ to inform me of the change in the plan.

A. his being not able B. him not to be able

C. his not being able D. him to be not able

解析：Capologise for后接動(dòng)名詞，否定詞not應(yīng)位于非謂語動(dòng)詞前，his是動(dòng)名詞的邏輯主語。

10.You are looking for two seats to sit down with your friend, but there are none.

1)none意思是“沒有一個(gè)”，代替不可數(shù)名詞作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式；代替可數(shù)名詞作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞可用單數(shù)，也可用復(fù)數(shù)。

None of them know(knows) the story. 他們沒有一個(gè)知道這個(gè)故事。

None of the students are(is) afraid of difficulties.

沒有一個(gè)學(xué)生害怕困難。

2)辨析none, no one和nothing

(1)none用于指人和物，可與of短語連用，用作單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù)?？捎脕砘卮餳ow many/much的問題。

——How many elephants did you see in the park?

你在公園里看到幾頭大象？

——None. 一頭也沒看到。

(2)no one=nobody只能指人，不能與of連用，用作單數(shù)。可用來回答who的問題。

No one knows what they fought for.

沒有人知道他們想通過斗爭得到什么。

(3)nothing用于指物，不與of連用，通常泛指沒有什么事情或東西，用作單數(shù)?？捎脕砘卮饂hat的問題。

Nothing venture, nothing gain. 不入虎穴，焉得虎子。

考點(diǎn)對接

We asked John and Jerry, but ____ of them could offer a satisfactory explanation.

A. either B. none C. both D. neither

解析：D 由于前文中的人物是兩個(gè)，又由于but表示意思的轉(zhuǎn)折，所以用neither(兩個(gè)當(dāng)中任何一個(gè)也不)。either兩個(gè)當(dāng)中的任何一個(gè)；none指可數(shù)名詞時(shí)指三個(gè)或三個(gè)以上數(shù)目的人或物都不得不；both兩個(gè)都。

11.The knife and fork that are closest to your plate are a little bigger than the ones beside them.

1)a little bigger: 略大一些；常用來限定比較級的詞，除a little外還有：a lot, a bit, a great deal, by far, three times, rather, much, still, even, far, any(用于否定句或疑問句)。

——Are you feeling any better now? 現(xiàn)在你感覺好點(diǎn)了嗎？

——Much better than yesterday. 比昨天好多了。

A car runs a great deal faster than a bike.

汽車比自行車跑得快得多。

2)ones常用來代指上文中的可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式，表示泛指含義，其前可用冠詞、形容詞之類的詞來修飾。one用來指代可數(shù)名詞的單數(shù)。

I hope there are enough glasses for each guest to have one.

我希望每個(gè)客人都有杯子。

These books are very difficult for me. Please get me some easier ones. 這些書太難了，請給我?guī)妆颈容^容易的。

考點(diǎn)對接

The number of people present at the concert was ____ than expected. There were many tickets left.

A. much smaller B. much more

C. much larger D. many more

解析：A much與比較級連用。由于有很多票剩下，可推知出席音樂會的人數(shù)比預(yù)計(jì)的少得多，主語為the number,表語用smaller(數(shù)大用large/big,不用many)。

Weve been looking at houses but havent found ____ we like yet.

A. one B. ones C. it D. them

解析：A 句意是：我們一直在找房子，但還沒找到一所喜愛的房子。C、D兩項(xiàng)是人稱代詞，用于指代上文出現(xiàn)的具體的人或事物，首先排除。B項(xiàng)用于指代上文的某個(gè)復(fù)數(shù)名詞以避免重復(fù)，而這里是泛指一所房子，故選A。

12.When drinking to someones health, you raise your glasses, but the glasses should not touch.

1)drink to sb., drink to ones health和drink ones health都可表示“為……健康干杯”，但有to比較正式。

I drink to your good health. 為你的健康干杯。

We drank to each others health almost all the evening.

幾乎整個(gè)晚上我們都為彼此的健康祝酒。

辨析：raise, rise和lift

(1)raise vt.意為“舉起，抬起，提高，提出；飼養(yǎng)；養(yǎng)育；種植”。

Raise your hand if you want to ask a question.

如果你要提問，請舉手。

He raised the children by himself after his wifes death.

妻子去世以后，他獨(dú)自一人撫養(yǎng)孩子。

She raised her eyes and stared at them. 她抬頭盯著他們。

(2)rise是不及物動(dòng)詞，意為“上升；升起；提高；站起來”。作“上升”講時(shí)，是指繼續(xù)上升，常用于日、月、云、霧、物價(jià)、體溫、河水、潮水等。

The sun rises in the east. 太陽從東方升起。

She rose from her seat. 她從座位上站了起來。

Her temperature is still rising. 她的體溫還在上升。

(3)lift是用力“提升”的含義

The young man lifted the stone at last.

那個(gè)年輕人終于舉起了那塊石頭。

2)touch： to put your hands or fingers onto sb./sth.觸、碰。

Youve hardly touched your food. 你沒怎么吃東西啊。

We touched glasses. 我們碰了碰杯。

考點(diǎn)對接

——Ow!Ive burnt myself!

——How did you do that?

——I ____ a hot pot.

A. touched B. kept C. felt D. held

解析：A.touch觸，碰；B.keep保持；C.feel(to deliberately move your fingers over sth. in order to find out what it is like)撫摸，感知；D.hold握住。