人物故事類

【命題特點(diǎn)分析】

人物故事可以是普通人物的故事，講述其普通人生不朽的精神，也可以是杰出人物的故事， 講述其不平凡的經(jīng)歷和卓越的貢獻(xiàn)。介紹杰出人物時(shí)特別著重介紹杰出人物如何克服自身身體殘缺或自然環(huán)境和社會(huì)環(huán)境造成的各種困難，用強(qiáng)烈的事業(yè)心和責(zé)任感、汗水和淚水、鮮血和青春為人類做出巨大貢獻(xiàn)，為生命譜寫精彩樂章。當(dāng)然這些杰出人物留給社會(huì)的不僅僅是促進(jìn)和平發(fā)展或提高經(jīng)濟(jì)效益的物質(zhì)財(cái)富，更重要的是，他們對事業(yè)的追求和對人民的熱愛成為我們這個(gè)時(shí)代最重要的精神財(cái)富。無論是普通人物的故事還是杰出人物的故事都可以讓讀者獲取精神營養(yǎng)，教會(huì)他們?nèi)绾巫鋈?，如何成?。

1. 普通人物不朽精神判斷題

普通人物故事往往介紹父母對子女在各個(gè)角度做出的無私奉獻(xiàn)，他們的故事雖各不相同，但對子女的愛是永遠(yuǎn)不變的。因此，普通人物故事易出現(xiàn)普通人物不朽精神判斷題。試題往往以What can we learn from…？或What is the spiritstrength of…？ 或What is the best title of the passage？為設(shè)問方式，答案始終扣住Great love。

2. 人物生活時(shí)段/年齡判斷題

這種試題常以What life part of the hero/heroine is mentioned in the text？為設(shè)問方式。人物故事常介紹人物一生學(xué)習(xí)、工作和生活的情況，因此試題常以The whole life of the hero/heroine.為答案。試題也可以轉(zhuǎn)換形式，以How old is the hero/heroine now？ 或How old was the hero/heroine when he/she died？ 或How many years did he/she live？為設(shè)問方式。人物故事常常要從人物出生介紹到人物現(xiàn)狀/死亡，因此推算人物年齡時(shí)應(yīng)認(rèn)真分析人物的起止年齡。

3. 人物生活質(zhì)量判斷題

杰出人物故事常出現(xiàn)人物生活質(zhì)量判斷題，這種試題常以What do we know about his/ her childhood？或How was his/her childhood？為設(shè)問方式。杰出人物之所以有超強(qiáng)毅力和驚人的吃苦精神多是因?yàn)樗麄儚男∩硖幠婢筹枃L生活艱辛，唯有發(fā)奮努力，才能有所建樹， 因此這種試題多以He/She lived a hard life.或He/She had an unhappy childhood.或He/Shedidnt live as happy as the other children.為答案。

4. 人物簡歷判斷題

因人物故事常介紹人物一生經(jīng)歷，因此常出現(xiàn)人物簡歷判斷題。試題常常從人物全部經(jīng)歷中挑選4～6個(gè)重要事件打亂其順序，要求考生重新排序，并選擇正確答案。解題時(shí)應(yīng)當(dāng)先閱讀題干所列4～6個(gè)重要事件，力爭對其有一定印象，然后回讀原文，并以事件的發(fā)生、發(fā)展及高潮為線索將所列重要事件進(jìn)行排序，這樣試題就會(huì)迎刃而解。

5. 人物成功原因判斷題

探究杰出人物成功秘訣、學(xué)習(xí)杰出人物成功經(jīng)驗(yàn)是閱讀其人物故事的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義之一，因此杰出人物故事常出現(xiàn)人物成功原因判斷題。試題常以Why did the hero/heroine finally succeed？或What is the secret of the heros/heroines success？或What can we learn fromthe heros/heroines success？為設(shè)問方式。杰出人物的成功靠的是堅(jiān)強(qiáng)的意志和強(qiáng)烈 的信心，因此試題常以He/She has strong perseverance.或He/She has strong self belief.或He/She doesnt bow before difficulties.或He/She never gives up/loses heart in the face of failure.或He/She never gives in to all kinds of hardships.為答案。

6. 人物困難判斷題

杰出人物的成功常是歷盡艱險(xiǎn)的，因此故事常出現(xiàn)人物困難判斷題。試題常以What was thebiggest difficulty that…faced？或…failed to continue his/her research work because.為設(shè)問方式，考生應(yīng)認(rèn)真閱讀并分析原文對人物困難狀況的描繪，并將其所遇困難進(jìn)行排列，從而推出最大困難，以便準(zhǔn)確答題。

7.人物地位判斷題

杰出人物可能已經(jīng)逝世多年，但人們不會(huì)忘記他們，而會(huì)公平評價(jià)他們的歷史地位，因此故事往往出現(xiàn)人物地位判斷題。試題常以From the passage， we can infer that.或According to the passage，…was.為設(shè)問方式。解題時(shí)應(yīng)認(rèn)真閱讀并分析原文對人物重大貢獻(xiàn)及社會(huì)影響作介紹的內(nèi)容，從而準(zhǔn)確解答試題。

8. 人物工作地點(diǎn)判斷題

杰出人物為了事業(yè)的成功，常常需要更換工作地點(diǎn)，因此故事常出現(xiàn)人物工作地點(diǎn)判斷題。這種試題常以Where did the hero/heroine work as…？或Where did the hero/heroine succeed？為設(shè)問方式。解題時(shí)應(yīng)以人物簡歷為順序追蹤人物蹤跡，并根據(jù)題干需要作出準(zhǔn)確選擇。

9. 人物晚年生活狀況判斷題

杰出人物往往到了晚年也沒有真正退休，他們還在為人權(quán)、慈善事業(yè)和社會(huì)進(jìn)步作貢獻(xiàn)，因此故事常出現(xiàn)人物晚年生活狀況判斷題 。試題常以 …is said to have never actually retired[退休] because.或What did the hero/heroine do in his/her later life？為設(shè)問方式。認(rèn)真閱讀和分析對杰出人物晚年生活的介紹不難找到試題答案。

【典型考題】

（一）

Barack Obama， a black man， is the president of the United States now. He was born on August 4th， 1961， in Hawaii[夏威夷] and has lived in many places. His mother was from Kansas[堪薩斯州] and his father was from Kenya[肯尼亞]. Obama went to Columbia Univers ity in New York and got a law degree at Harvard University in Massachusetts. Hiswife is Michelle Obama. She also worked as a lawyer[律師] and later worked forthe University of Chicago. They have two young daughters.

Obama wrote a book Dreams from my father. “I always live in the dream of my father and American people，” Obama once said. He was born in a poor family. And he was taken good careof by his grandparents when he was young. He also lived and worked in Africa. Then he got good education in Harvard University. On November 4th， 2008， he became the new president of America for the next four years.

1. Where was Barack Obama born？

A. In Hawaii. B. In Kansas. C. In Massachusetts.

2._______universities are mentioned in the passage.

A. Three B. Four C. Five

3. Which of the following is NOT true？

A. Obamas father was from Kenya.

B. Obama has a son and a daughter.

C. Obama once worked in Africa.

4. Barack Obama became President at the age of_____.

A. 37 B. 47 C. 57

5. Which is the best title[標(biāo)題] of this passage？

A. Education of a president

B. Dreams from my father

C. Life of Barack Obama

（二）

“Can I see my baby？” asked the happy new mother. When the baby was in her arms， she couldnt believe her eyes. The baby was born without ears.

Time proved that the babys hearing was perfect though he had no ears. He got on well with his clas smates. But one day， he said to his mother， tears in his eyes， “A big boy called me a freak[畸形物].”

The boys father asked the family doctor， “Could nothing be done？”

“I believe I could graft[植入] on a pair of outer ears if they could be gotten，” the doctor said. They tried to find a person who would be helpful for the young man.

One day， his father said to the son， “Youre going to the hospital， son. Mother and I have someone who will donate[捐獻(xiàn)] the ears you need. But we must keepit a secret who the person is.”

The operation was a great success， and a new person appeared. His cleverness and hard work made him a very successful person. He married andlived a happy life.

He would ask his father， “Who gave me the ears？ I could do enough for him or her.”

“I do not believe you could，” said the father. “The agreement as that you are not to know… not yet.”

The years kept it secret， but the day did come. He stood with his father over his mothers body. Slowly， the father raised the thick， brown hair. To his surprise， the son found his mother had no outer ears.

“Mother said she was glad she never had her hair cut，” his father said in a low voice， “and nobody ever thought mother less beautiful， did they？”

1. The mother was surprised at the first sight of her baby becausethe baby__________.

A. had no outer ears B. was born without hair

C. was in her arms D. could not hear her

2. The sentence “…a new person appeared.” means“__________.”

A. a new baby was born in the hospital

B. a stranger came into the hospital

C. a new doctor took care of the boy

D. the boy came to live a new life

3. Why did the boys mother never have her hair cut？

A. Because she liked her thick， brown hair.

B. Because her work didnt allow her to do that.

C. Because the hair was good for her health.

D. Because she wanted to keep the fact a secret.

4. Which of the following is true according to[根據(jù)] the passage？

A. The boy couldnt hear without ears at first.

B. The boy didnt know the truth until his mother died.

C. His parents often encouraged him to work hard.

D. His classmates were always making fun of him.

5. Which is the best title[標(biāo)題] for the passage？

A. A Clever Boy B. Kind Parents

C. Great Love D. An Ear Operation

（三）

In Choosing Steven Chu as his energy secretary[能源部長]， Barack Obama has chos en one of the most prominent U. S. scientists of using science todeal with global warming[全球變暖].

Steven Chu was born in St.Louis， Missouri， in 1948. His father was a college teacher. Atthat time， they were only the third Chinese family to live there. In high school， Chu played tennis and was on the school club. He took his first physics classin his senior year at Garden City High School and became interested in it.

Steven Chu got his first doctors degree in maths and physics in 1970. Then he wen t to California for another doctors degree. In 1978， Chu worked in Bell Lab wh ere he developed ways to cool and trap atoms using a laser[用激光冷卻和俘獲原子]. In 1997， he got the Nobel Prize for physics for this. He left Stanfor d in 2004， after he was made head of the Lawrence Berkeley National Lab in Calif ornia. As the head of the national lab， Chu has tried to find scientific ways toclimate change and soon become a member of the Climate Council working for a new global climate treaty[氣候條約] for 2009.

He also insists on the need to endthe unnecessary waste of energy. “If I were King of the world， I would spendt he next ten years on energy efficiency and conservation[節(jié)能和環(huán)保]，” he said last year.

On December 11th， 2008， Barack Obama made him energy secretary. He would be the first Chinese American to run the Department of Energy and devote himself to sustainable[可持續(xù)發(fā)展的] energy.

1. Who is Steven Chu？

A. He is a Nobel Prize winner for energy.

B. He is a visiting scientist in America.

C. He is an American Chinese.

D. He is a Chinese American.

2. The underlined word “prominent” in the first paragraph means.

A. 參與競選的 B. 遵守承諾的

C. 才能卓越的 D. 出身顯赫的

3. Which is the right order of the following events about Steven Chu？

a. He was chosen by Barack Obama as US energy secretary.

b. He got the Nobel Prize for his excellent research work.

c. He studied in California for his second doctors degree.

d. He became a member of the Climate Council.

e. He acted as the head of the national lab in California.

A. b， c， d， e， a B. c， b， e， d， a

C. d， a， b， c， e D. a， c， b， d， e

4. In next part of this passage， the writer would most probably tell us the following EXCEPT.

A. Obamas reason of choosing Chu as the energy secretary

B. Chus plan and work on energy efficiency and conservation

C. Obamas new plan to Chinese Americans

D. both Obama and Chus plans and ideas on sustainable energy

閱讀理解答案

（一）

【導(dǎo)讀】 奧巴馬，美國歷史上首位黑人總統(tǒng)，有著怎樣不平凡的經(jīng)歷呢？本文作了簡要卻比較完整的介紹。

1. A 原文第一節(jié)中He was born on August 4th， 1961， in Hawaii[夏威夷]…體現(xiàn)答案。

2. A 由原文可知，文章提及的有Columbia University， Harvard University， the University of Chicago三所大學(xué)。

3. B 由原文第一節(jié)末句They have two young daughters.可知奧巴馬有兩個(gè)女兒而不是一兒一女。

4. B 由原文第一節(jié)第二句He was born on August 4th， 1961， in Hawaii[夏威夷]… 和第二節(jié)末句On November 4th， 2008， he became the new president of America for the next four years.可知，奧巴馬當(dāng)選總統(tǒng)時(shí)為（2008-1961=）47歲。

5. C 認(rèn)真閱讀并分析原文不難發(fā)現(xiàn)文章介紹的是奧巴馬從出生到當(dāng)選美國總統(tǒng)的經(jīng)歷。

（二）

【導(dǎo)讀】 兒子天生沒有耳朵，身體畸形，精神痛苦。面對兒子的處境，母親看在眼里，痛在心里。于是她瞞著兒子為其獻(xiàn)出了耳朵。成功的兒子直到母親去世才知道真相。面對母親的愛，他的最大的痛苦恐怕在于無處回報(bào)。母親生前也沒有想讓他回報(bào)，因?yàn)樘煜滤心赣H對子女的愛都是不求回報(bào)的。

1. A 原文第一節(jié)末句The baby was born without ears.體現(xiàn)答案。

2. D 由原文第六節(jié)畫線處后面的內(nèi)容可以推斷手術(shù)后的男孩逐漸過上了不受嘲笑而且非常成功的新生活。

3. D 由原文第五節(jié)末句But we must keep it a secret who the person is.和第九節(jié)首句The years kept it secret， but the day did come.可以推斷母親之所以從來不理發(fā)是因?yàn)橄氚阉秊閮鹤荧I(xiàn)耳的事實(shí)守為秘密。

4. B 由原文第九節(jié)第二句He stood with his father over his mothers body.可以推斷直到母親去世男孩才知道母親為其獻(xiàn)耳的事實(shí)。

5. C 本文主要介紹了母親為兒子獻(xiàn)耳的行為，歌頌了母親對兒子無私的愛，因此以GreatLove為題準(zhǔn)確貼切。

（三）

【導(dǎo)讀】 Steven Chu被奧巴馬選為能源部長，理由只有一個(gè)：他才華橫溢。

1. D 原文末節(jié)第二句中的He would be the first Chinese American to run the Dep artment of Energy… 體現(xiàn)答案。

2. C 由原文介紹內(nèi)容可知，Steven Chu是一個(gè)杰出人物，由此推斷該詞含義為“才能卓越的”。

3. B 從原文所介紹的Steven Chu的經(jīng)歷可以推斷B項(xiàng)正確。

4. C 本文第一節(jié)首先介紹奧巴馬選Steven Chu作能源部長，然后介紹Steven Chu的精彩經(jīng)歷，因此下文既有可能介紹奧巴馬選Steven Chu作能源部長的具體原因，也可能介紹Steven Chu在節(jié)能和環(huán)保上的工作計(jì)劃，還有可能會(huì)介紹奧巴馬和Steven Chu在能源可持續(xù)發(fā)展上的計(jì)劃和想法。