高考詞匯

surround v. 圍繞；環(huán)繞

trade v. 做生意

narrow v. 變狹窄

forbid v. 禁止

cave n. 洞；山洞

plain n. 平原

shore n.（海、湖、河等的）岸

valley n. 山谷

wood n. （常作復(fù)數(shù)）樹林

colleague n. 同事

goods n. 貨物

temple n. 寺廟

lounge n. 休息室；休息廳

spot n. 地點；場所

view n. 景色；風(fēng)景

flat adj. 平坦的

distant adj. 遙遠的

mountainous adj. 多山的

remote adj. 遙遠的

steep adj. 陡峭的；險峻的

naturally adv. 自然的

常用短語

at the edge of 在……的邊緣

at least 至少

make a detour 迂回，繞行

be heavy with 有大量的……

in the distance 遠處的

be impressed by 留下……印象

follow the rules 遵守規(guī)則

rip off 敲竹杠；敲詐

get a kick out of （俚語）從……中得到樂趣

表外詞匯

dock vi. & n. 駛?cè)氪a頭；碼頭

peak n. 山頂；山峰

plateau n. 高原

slope n. 斜坡

raft n. 木筏

detour n. 迂路；繞行之路

legend n. 傳奇；傳說故事

deck n. 甲板

cruise n.（乘游輪的）漫游；巡航

cabin n. 船艙；機艙

torch n. 手電筒

immense adj. 極大的

fertile adj. 肥沃的

downstream adv. 向下游；隨波而下

過渡詞匯

pause v. 暫停

identify v. 確認；識別

Himalayas n. 喜馬拉雅山脈

passport n. 護照；通行證

pagoda n. 塔；涼亭

poet n. 詩人

obligation n. 義務(wù)；職責(zé)；責(zé)任

prohibition n. 禁止

extract n. 摘錄；引用

cuisine n. 菜肴

auxiliary adj. 輔助的；從屬的

unattended adj. 無侍從的；無伴的；沒人照顧的；

未被注意的

sharply adj. 鋒利地；銳利地；激烈地；突然地，

猛烈地

情態(tài)動詞的復(fù)習(xí)

詞匯短語園地

1. surround vt. 圍繞；環(huán)繞；包圍

A lot of trees surrounded the lake.

湖邊上有許多樹。

Police surrounded the house.

警察包圍了這個屋子。

be surrounded with/by（使）包圍；圍住

The village was surrounded on all sides by mountains.

這座村莊四面環(huán)山。

surround...with 圍繞；環(huán)繞

The leader surrounded himself with armed men.

這位領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人四周都是武裝人員。

surroundings n. 環(huán)境；周圍的事物

We work in pleasant surroundings.

我們在愉快的環(huán)境中工作。

surrounding adj. 周圍的；附近的

Its pleasant to live in this village and the surrounding area.

在這個村莊及其附近居住是很愜意的。

2. trade v. 做生意；從事貿(mào)易

Our products are now traded worldwide.

我們的產(chǎn)品現(xiàn)在銷往世界各地。

trade in sth 做……買賣

The company openly traded in arms.

這家公司公開買賣軍火。

trade with sb 與……進行貿(mào)易/做買賣

Businessmen from all over the world are here to trade with China.

來自世界各地的商人在這里與中國進行貿(mào)易。

trade n. 貿(mào)易；買賣；行業(yè)

international trade 國際貿(mào)易

foreign trade 對外貿(mào)易

Trade between the two countries has increased.

兩國之間的貿(mào)易增長了。

3. narrow v. 變狹窄

This is where the lake narrows.

這個湖就是在這里變小的。

narrow down 把……縮小

We should try our best to narrow down the difference between town and countryside.

我們應(yīng)盡最大努力縮小城鄉(xiāng)差別。

narrows n. 海峽；（江河的）峽谷

narrow adj. 狹窄的；窄小的；勉強的；剛剛好的

The gate is too narrow for a car； well have to walk through.

這門太窄，車進不去，我們只好走過去了。

a narrow victory 險勝

a narrow escape 死里逃生

a narrow path 羊腸小道

a narrow circle of friends 交際不廣

narrowly adv. 勉強地；以毫厘之差

The car narrowly missed a cyclist.

汽車差點撞上一位騎自行車的人了。

4. forbid v. 禁止

forbid sb to do sth 禁止某人做某事

My father forbade my sister to play with her friends after school.

我父親禁止姐姐在放學(xué)后和她的朋友一起玩耍。

forbid doing sth 禁止做某事

The new law forbids smoking in public places.

新法律禁止在公共場合抽煙。

forbidding adj. 不友好的；讓人望而生畏的

When I saw that forbidding watchdog， I went no farther.

當(dāng)我看見那只兇惡的看門狗時，我一步也不敢向前了。

5. wood n. 木；木頭；木材 woods 樹林

All the furniture in my office was made of wood.

我辦公室里所有的家具都是用木材制作的。

I had a talk with my sister in the woods that we often visited when we were young.

我和妹妹在我們小時候常去的樹林里聊了一會兒。

6. distant adj. 遙遠的；遠離的；關(guān)系不密切的；遠房的

Id like to travel to distant places.

我喜歡到遙遠的地方旅游。

The center of the city is about 10 miles distant from the station.

市中心距離車站約有十英里遠。

Two boys who are playing basketball there are distant

relations.

那兩個正在那邊打籃球的男孩是遠親。

distance n. 距離；一段路

The distance from my house to school is about 3km.

我家到學(xué)校的距離大約是三千米。

at a distance 在一定距離的地方

in the distance 在遠處/遠方的

keep at a distance 保持一定距離；不很親密

7. at the edge of 在……的邊緣

Something strange happened in the big house at the edge of the town.

城邊的大房子里發(fā)生了一些怪事。

At the edge of the woods， Frankie was talking to himeself.

在樹林邊上，弗蘭基正在自言自語。

8. be heavy with 有大量的……

The air was heavy with the scent of flowers.

空氣中彌漫著花香。

These big trees are heavy with apples.

這些大樹上掛滿了蘋果。

heavy traffic 交通繁忙

heavy meal 豐盛的飯；難消化的飯食

heavy fog/snow 大霧/雪

a heavy smoker 一個煙癮很重的人

9. at least 至少

All these things cost me at least 300 dollars.

這些東西至少花了我三百美元。

I swim at least once a week in summer.

夏天我至少一周要游一次泳。

at most 最多，至多

It will take two hours at most to get there.

最多兩小時便可到達那里。

10. be impressed by/with 留下……印象

He was deeply impressed by her sincerity.

她的真誠給他留下了深刻的印象。

impress on 使牢牢記住/明白（重要性或嚴重性等）

My father impressed on me the importance of hard work.

我的父親使我明白了努力工作的重要性。

impression n. 印象；感想；影響

to get a good/bad impression of sb/sth

對某人/某事物的印象好/不好

a big/deep/strong impression

巨大的/深刻的/強烈的影響

11. be allowed to do sth 被允許做某事

I was not allowed to go out at night.

我父母不允許我晚上出門。

allow （doing） sth 允許（做）某事

I cant allow such a thing.

我不允許這樣的事發(fā)生。

The teacher doesnt allow eating in the classroom.

老師不允許在教室里吃東西。

allow sb to do sth 允許某人做某事

Her father would not allow her to eat sweets.

她的父親不允許她吃糖果。

allow sb sth 給予某人某物（尤指錢或時間）；讓某人有（擁有或帶有）某物

I will allow you 10% off the price if you pay now.

如果你現(xiàn)在付款，我可以給你打九折。

跟蹤導(dǎo)練（一）

閱讀理解

Around the world in 30 seconds—it is not a wild idea of space age but the time it takes to finish that journey at the South Pole （南極）. Visitors to the South Pole like to walk around the world. So there is a well-known path in the snow there. Other visitors like to stand on their heads or have their pictures taken with the flags of the Antarctic （南極的） countries in the background. They think it is interesting and exciting. The United States has a base at the South Pole. The Chinese scientists and technical workers have built an observation station there， too.

If you go from the very pole towards America， you are in one time zone. If you head towards Australia or towards South Africa， you are in other zone. It is Friday if you stand on one side of the pole. And if you walked around the other side， it is Thursday over there.

The air at the South Pole is the cleanest on earth. Scientists from various countries have called for Antarctica to be declared （宣布） a world park to save it from being polluted by the exploitation of its oil and other mineral resources.

1. How can we go round the world in 30 seconds at the South Pole？

A. By car. B. On foot.

C. By spaceship. D. By train.

2. Why do some visitors like to stand on their heads？

A. They try to see the Pole better.

B. They want to improve their health.

C. They are over excited and do it for fun.

D. They can take good pictures of the South Pole only in this way.

3. For what have the scientists called for Antarctica to be declared a world park？

A. For preventing it from being polluted.

B. For saving its oil and other mineral resources.

C. For attracting the world tourists to visit the park.

D. For exploiting its oil and other mineral resources.

4. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage？

A. Its forbidden to take pictures at the South Pole.

B. The air at the South Pole is the cleanest on earth.

C. The South Pole has been polluted by the exploitation.

D. It is impossible to go around the world in 30 seconds.

選詞填空

從下列方框里10個單詞中選擇8個適當(dāng)單詞的正確形式填入下列各句中，使其句意完整。每個單詞只使用一次。

peak shore detour cave slope

plain flat wood surround downstream

1. They went into a（n） ____ ， hoping to find some ancient things.

2. The mountain ____ was covered with snow.

3. My little brother told me yesterday that he believed that the earth was ____ .

4. There are more and more birds in the ____ near my house because of a better environment.

5. The lake， ____ with trees and flowers， is very beautiful.

6. After a few days on ____ the sailor joined his ship.

7. Is the water polluted at source or further ____ ？

8. As the road was under repair， we had to make a（n） ____ .

句子翻譯

1. 十年以前，這個地區(qū)出現(xiàn)了很多洞穴。

2. 當(dāng)他們被敵人包圍時，他們還有多少食物？

3. 醫(yī)生昨天告訴我人們一天至少應(yīng)該刷兩次牙。

4. 遠處的鐘聲讓我想起了家鄉(xiāng)的鐘樓。

單項選擇

1. — Bruce， I really love your handwriting.

— ___ .

A. I practise every day B. Thank you very much

C. No， I dont think so D. Well， its not good enough

2. The house still needed a lot of work， but ___ the kitchen was finished.

A. at last B. at most

C. at least D. at first

3. — I heard that Jack was just injured in an accident.

— Yes， its dangerous. It is really a ___ escape.

A. narrow B. close

C. terrible D. brave

4. My sister always ___ much money on her clothes， though she is not rich.

A. costs B. takes

C. spends D. pays

5. The heros story ___ in the newspapers that I bought yesterday.

A. was reported B. was reporting

C. reports D. reported

6. A panda eats ___ bamboo， though it eats ___ plants as well.

A. main； other B. main； others

C. mainly； the other D. mainly； other

7. He doesnt like ___ a dishonest man in this case.

A. sounding like B. to be sounded like

C. to sound like D. to be sounding like

8. ___ the day went on， the weather got worse.

A. With B. Since

C. As D. While

9. The buildings here are ___ with history that we are interested in.

A. busy B. full

C. popular D. heavy

10. We will not allow ___ in the cinema. But you are allowed ___ in the rest room.

A. smoking； smoking B. smoke； smoking

C. smoking； to smoke D. to smoke； to smoke

跟蹤導(dǎo)練（二）

選詞填空

從下列方框里10個單詞中選擇8個適當(dāng)單詞的正確形式填入下列各句中，使其句意完整。每個單詞只使用一次。

trade valley colleague heavy character

exploit edge distance temple goods

1. Didnt you feel surprised when he sold you the ____ at such a price？

2. Transport has always been the key to developing ____ .

3. They are ____ the oil under the sea.

4. At the ____ of the grassland， there is a sign which says， “Keep off the grass”.

5. The sun is ____ from the earth.

6. Einsteins suggestion in 1905 astonished most of his ____ .

7. The air was ____ with tobacco smoke.

8. At the calligraphy competition， people asked him to write a few ____ .

句子翻譯

1. 我相信這個故事一定會給觀眾留下深刻印象。

2. 戰(zhàn)前兩國之間一直存在著貿(mào)易往來。

3. 由于在修路，我們不得不繞行。

4. 至少他必須讓我知道這個情況。

單項選擇

1. — Would you like to go fishing with us now？

— ___ .

A. No， I dont want to go B. Yes， it sounds interesting

C. Of course wouldnt D. You cant be serious

2. Just be patient. You ___ expect the world to change so soon.

A. cant B. neednt

C. mustnt D. wont

3. ___ with the poor condition of the school， the rich man determined to give away half of his money to the school.

A. Impressing B. Impressed

C. Impressive D. To impress

4. — May I watch TV now？

— No， you cant. You ___ finish your homework first.

A. will B. can

C. must D. may

5. Arriving at the hotel， we found the singer ___ by a large crowd.

A. surrounded B. was surrounding

C. surrounding D. surround

6. You ___ park here！ Its an exit for special situations.

A. wouldnt B. mustnt

C. neednt D. couldnt

7. The company was ___ the edge of the beautiful park.

A. of B. by

C. for D. at

8. John promised his doctor he ___ not smoke， and he has never smoked ever since.

A. might B. should

C. could D. would

9. When I was walking on the street， I suddenly heard a bomb explode ___ .

A. at distance B. in a distance

C. in the distance D. at the distance

10. I ___ pay Tracy a visit， but Im not sure whether I will have time this Sunday.

A. should B. might

C. would D. could

完形填空

Ralph， Jack and Peter became friends while crossing the Pacific Ocean. During a storm， the ship struck a rock and sank. The three boys were thrown on a small island by the huge waves. They didnt lose 1 ， but explored the island and soon found drinking water. They decided to build a boat and 2 fish in deeper water.

“Look here， boys，” said Jack one morning， “sooner or later we shall be back to England. Im quite sure of that. 3 now we must take the island as our home for some time. Its up to us to 4 our life here as comfortable as possible. I havent lost heart yet.”

Soon the boy picked 5 a thick tree and began cutting it down with the axe， which they found 6 the debris （碎片） of their ship on the sea shore. The work was not easy 7 . At last the tree fell down.

After the oars （槳） were 8 out of three thick branches， the boys rolled the log （圓木） to the shore.

“Now lets try our boat！” said Jack. After some time they 9 to keep balance.

They were some distant from the shore， when Jack suddenly cried， “ 10 moving！ I see a shark behind us！ Now， boys， do 11 I tell you. Try to keep on the log. Our lives may 12 it.

Peter immediately did what he was 13 to. So did Ralph. They did their 14 to balance the boat. But then Ralph turned 15 and he saw the shark quite near the log. The next moment it opened its terrible mouth and Jack immediately 16 his oar into its throat. He did it with such force that the log rolled over and the boys found themselves in the 17 .

“Swim towards the shore！ Quick！” cried Jack.

They did swim fast. Luckily they were not far from the island. When at last they reached the shore， they fell to the ground 18 . It was a long time 19 they could say a word.

“That was really a 20 escape！” said Jack.

1. A. life B. money C. heart D. job

2. A. cook B. keep C. hold D. catch

3. A. Or B. But C. So D. And

4. A. change B. make C. build D. turn

5. A. out B. of C. off D. at

6. A. up B. out C. between D. among

7. A. at once B. at least C. at all D. at last

8. A. made B. came C. caved D. produced

9. A. succeeded B. failed C. pretended D. managed

10. A. Stop B. Allow C. Continue D. Avoid

11. A. that B. it C. what D. how

12. A. attach to B. depend on C. split up D. connect to

13. A. educated B. forbade C. ordered D. forced

14. A. better B. best C. good D. well

15. A. in B. up C. around D. back

16. A. pushed B. took C. put D. broke

17. A. dream B. danger C. water D. shore

18. A. luckily B. lively C. tiredly D. excitedly

19. A. after B. until C. before D. since

20. A. hard B. near C. close D. narrow

跟蹤導(dǎo)練（三）

選詞填空

從下列方框里10個單詞中選擇8個適當(dāng)單詞的正確形式填入下列各句中，使其句意完整。每個單詞只使用一次。

steep rush remote forbid immense

cruise legend distance narrow hilly

1. It was difficult to see ships in the ____ because of the fog.

2. Their father ____ them to swim in the river at that time.

3. He is the hero of an old ____ .

4. The mountain is ____ ， so the climb is dangerous.

5. The road ____ as you go further to the top of the mountain.

6. He threw on his clothes and ____ out when the bell rang.

7. Thay have chosen to work in that ____ area after graduation.

8. Just for this reason， it has caused a（n） ____ amount of trouble.

句子翻譯

1. 你應(yīng)該讓這個男孩知道吸煙是個壞習(xí)慣。

2. 水池邊嚴禁攝影。

3. 雖然我們不富裕，但我們現(xiàn)在至少不必再為食物擔(dān)心了。

4. 我哥哥告訴我飛機上不允許使用手機。

單項選擇

1. — Must we hand in our homework now？

— ___ .

A. Yes， you will B. Yes， you mustnt

C. No， you neednt D. No， you mustnt

2. Population experts predict that most people ___ in cities in the near future.

A. will live B. live

C. would live D. have lived

3. Look at this boy in the picture， he is my ___ relative.

A. faraway B. distant

C. remote D. further

4. John asked Kate to marry him， and she ___ him， but her mother didnt ___ her to marry a poor man like John.

A. accepted； agree B. accepted； allow

C. received； agree D. received； allow

5. — Whats the name？

— Anastasia. ___ I spell that for you？

A. Would B. Shall

C. Can D. Might

6. They ___ its rich resources in wheat and oil.

A. employed B. expanded

C. exploited D. established

7. Tomorrow is Christmas Day. Let us ___ the festival together.

A. to celebrate B. celebrate

C. celebrating D. to be celebrated

8. You ___ be late for school again next time.

A. mustnt B. neednt

C. dont have to D. dont need to

9. — You shouldnt have gone there alone last night.

— But I ___ ， because Xiao Wang went there together with me.

A. didnt B. had to

C. must D. should

10. — My daughter mastered Japanese in less than 2 years.

— Did she？ She ___ have a gift for language.

A. must B. would

C. can D. should

閱讀表達（閱讀下面短文，并按照題目要求用英語回答問題。）

A long red bridge stretches out across water. It runs across the Golden Gate. This is not the entrance to some sacred （神圣的） land，but it is just as magical. The Golden Gate is where San Francisco Bay meets the Pacific Ocean， and at night the scene of the bridge lit up over the water takes your breath away. It is the symbol of San Franciso.

Welcome to San Francisco， a place famous for its beautiful parks， hilly streets and lovely beaches. But the bridge is undoubtedly the most well-known symbol of the city. Before its completion in 1937， the bridge was considered impossible to build because of the foggy weather， powerful winds， and strong ocean currents （洋流） in the city. However， despite the difficult conditions， the bridge was built in no more than four years. Its total length is nearly 2 kilometers.

San Francisco ranks first on Lonely Planets list of best cities to visit in 2013. According to the worlds largest travel publisher， it came top as a result of its cultural mix.

According to the US 2010 census （人口普查）， 21 percent of the citys population is made up of Chinese people. San Franciscos Chinatown is the largest outside of Asia and the oldest in North America. Two traditional festivals， the Spring Festival and Mid-Autumn Festival， are the biggest events of the year on the citys calendar.

If yellow cabs （出租車） are a key part of New York city life， then the cable car （纜車） is San Franciscos equivalent. The first cable car came into public service in 1873， and the slow and noisy vehicle has also been a symbol of the city ever since. The cable car network was once damaged by a serious earthquake， however， luckily， it has now recovered and provides better views than the subway.

1. Why does the author mention the Golden Gate bridge according to Paragraph 1？ （within 8 words）

2. What makes the Golden Gate Bridge so famous？ （within 8 words）

3. What makes San Francisco rank first on Lonely Planets list of cities to visit in 2013？ （within 3 words）

4. What are the biggest events of the year on the citys calendar？ （within 6 words）

5. Why is the slow and noisy cable car preferred in San Francisco？ （within 8 words）

跟蹤導(dǎo)練（四）

閱讀理解

As Tibet is covered by ice and snow throughout the year， most people think that winter is not a good time to visit. However， according to expert travelers， the winter temperature of Lhasa averages about 12℃ and the daytime temperatures of winter in Lhasa can be even higher as a result of too much sunlight.

Mount Namjagbarwa， nicknamed “the father of the glaciers （冰川）”， is in the east of Tibet. The most beautiful scenery of Mount Namjagbarwa can only be seen in autumn and winter. As a result， Tibet winter travel has begun to catch peoples attention.

Beautiful spots for Tibet winter travelers are concentrated around Lhasa and Nyingchi. The first is Mount Namjagbarwa whose relatively low altitude （海拔） and high humidity （濕度） covers the mountain in fog and cloud in spring and summer. As a result， the dry season， from September to the early spring is the best time to appreciate Mount Namjagbarwa. Other sights include the old and new sections of Lhasa， boating in the Crayon Brahmaputra， taking pictures at the place where two rivers are joined together， and sightseeing in Norbu Lingka—a beautiful garden on the suburb of Lhasa.

Altitude in these areas averages around 3，000 meters and can cause slight altitude sickness. Taking some anti-anoxic （抗缺氧） medicines is enough to make you less unpleasant through the first few days after arriving at these high places.

Other things that can ensure travelers have an easy winter holiday in Tibet are sunglasses and sunscreen creams which can help you avoid snow blindness and prevent your skin from being burnt. Last but not least， bring a painkiller such as aspirin， which can help with aches and colds.

1. Why can Namjagbarwa only be seen in autumn and winter？

A. Mount Namjagbarwa is located in the east of Tibet.

B. The winter temperature of Lhasa averages about 12℃.

C. It is the best time to appreciate Mount Namjagbarwa in September.

D. Mount Namjagbarwa is covered with fog and cloud in spring and summer.

2. Anti-anoxic medicines can help with ___ .

A. sunburn B. snow blindness

C. aches and colds D. altitude discomfort

3. If you travel to Tibet in winter， wed better take ___ .

A. a map and a camera

B. swimming suits and blankets

C. sunglasses and sunscreen creams

D. some interesting books and necessary medicines

4. Whats the best title of the passage？

A. Welcome to Tibet

B. Beautiful Spots in Tibet

C. Tibet Winter Travel Tips

D. A Pleasant Trip in Tibet

選詞填空

從下列方框里10個單詞中選擇8個適當(dāng)單詞的正確形式填入下列各句中，使其句意完整。每個單詞只使用一次。

vary rip spot fertile natural

view immense mountain forbid pin

1. He spoke ____ in front of his parents even though he knew he was cheating them.

2. Living here and you can enjoy the ____ mountain scenery.

3. Theres a fine ____ of the village from the peak of the hill.

4. They showed ____ courage in the face of danger.

5. To build a rood in the ____ are a is a real challenge.

6. Dont buy things from that shop！ Theyll ____ you off.

7. The president was shot in the head and died on the ____ .

8. High school boys in the country are ____ to wear long hair.

句子翻譯

1. 倫敦到處都有書店，那里的書同樣也很多樣和有趣。

2. 閱讀一些你喜歡的東西自然會使學(xué)習(xí)變得更愉快。

3. 在我為這些鞋子付了兩百美元后我意識到我被敲竹杠了。

4. 我無法相信你居然能從做家務(wù)中得到樂趣。

單項選擇

1. — These are certainly beautiful flowers. Thank you so much.

— ___ .

A. No， no. Its nothing B. You are welcome

C. Yes， I agree D. Yes， I think so

2. The ___ from the top of the mountain was so beautiful.

A. view B. spot

C. look D. site

3. You dont have to know the name of the author to find a book. You ___ find the book by the title.

A. must B. have to

C. need D. can

4. Tourists complain of being ___ by a local tourist guide.

A. ripped off B. set off

C. cut off D. turned off

5. The city was ___ with traffic， but now the situation has changed.

A. busy B. familiar

C. popular D. heavy

6. Come and sit down by the fire. Your hand ___ .

A. feels so cold B. feels so coldly

C. is felt so cold D. is felt so coldly

7. — Why do you often laugh at Ted？

— I have no idea. I just get a ___ out of it.

A. kick B. fun

C. interest D. joke

8. In the restaurant I often go to， I found a sign ___ “Please wait to be seated”.

A. reads B. read

C. to read D. reading

9. Its always difficult to live in a foreign country ___ if you dont speak the language.

A. extremely B. naturally

C. basically D. especially

10. The toys I bought yesterday were a real ___ at such low prices.

A. trade B. respect

C. business D. bargain