高考詞匯

disagree vi. 不同意；意見不合

affect vt. 影響；對……有壞影響

recognise vt. 認識；認知；認出

reduce vt. 減少

ban vt. 禁止

danger n. 危險

crime n. 罪行；犯罪行為

connection n. 聯(lián)系；關系；關聯(lián)

treatment n. 治療

adult n. 成人

drug n. 毒品；藥品

cancer n. 癌癥

cigarette n. 香煙

tobacco n. 煙草；煙絲

needle n. （注射用的）針；針管

burglary n. 盜竊；竊案；盜竊罪

criminal n. 罪犯

café n. 咖啡館

distraction n. 分心；分散注意力

powerful adj. 有力的；（藥等）有功效的

likely adj. 可能的

nearby adj. 附近的

illegal adj. 違法的；不合法的

horrible adj. 令人不快的；極討厭的

gymnastic adj. 體操的

常用短語

related to 有關系的；有關聯(lián)的

break into 破門而入；強行闖入

belong to 屬于

become addicted to 對……上癮；沉迷于

take ones advice 聽某人的意見

in order to 為了……

so as to 為了……

give up 戒除；放棄

as a result of 由于……的結(jié)果

die from 死于……

continue to do 繼續(xù)做……

share with 與……共享

ask for 請求……；要求……

in danger 處于危險中

put up 提高；增加

break the law 違法

in public 當眾

agree/disagree with 同意/不同意

過渡詞匯

indicate vt. 指出；指示

arrest vt. 逮捕；拘捕

estimate vt. / vi. 估計；估價

kingdom n. 王國

article n. 文章

studio n. 播音室；錄音室

intonation n. 語調(diào)

mood n. 心情

trigger n. （槍）扳機；引起反應的事（或行動）

prematurely adv. 過早地

（1） 動詞不定式作目的狀語

不定式屬于非謂語動詞。它除了不能做謂語外，在句中可以充當任何成分。不定式可以作主語、表語、賓語、補語、定語和狀語。本模塊主要學習不定式作目的狀語。

不定式在句中作目的狀語常譯成“為了”。不定式一般放在被修飾詞之后，但為了強調(diào)目的也可以放在句首。為了加強語氣，不定式前還可以加上in order或so as，即構(gòu)成詞組。例如：

We should do whatever we can to help them.

（2） 目的和結(jié)果狀語從句

狀語從句在句中起狀語作用，修飾主句的謂語動詞、形容詞、副詞或整個句子。狀語從句按用途可分為時間狀語從句、地點狀語從句、原因狀語從句、條件狀語從句、目的狀語從句、結(jié)果狀語從句、讓步狀語從句、比較狀語從句和方式狀語從句。本冊書中主要出現(xiàn)了結(jié)果狀語從句、時間狀語從句和原因狀語從句。而本模塊學習的是目的和結(jié)果狀語從句。

結(jié)果狀語從句通常由以下從屬連詞引導：so...that...，such...that...等。例如：

It was such a dangerous drug that he nearly died.

詞匯短語園地

1. reduce vt. 縮減；減少；降低

The new law will reduce the pollution of rivers.

新法將減少河流污染。

（1） reduce by 減少了多少

Production was reduced by twenty per cent.

生產(chǎn)減少了20%。（即減少到80%）

（2） reduce to 減少到多少

The number of employees was reduced to 25.

雇員人數(shù)減少到25人。

reduction n. 減少；縮?。唤档?/p>

2. disagree vi. 不同意；意見不合；不一致；不相符

Even friends disagree sometimes.

即使是朋友，有時也有分歧。

（1） disagree （with sb） about/on/over sth

關于某事不同意（某人）

He disagrees with his parents on many things.

他在多數(shù)事情上都與父母意見不一致。

I disagree with you about this thing.

對于這件事我跟你意見不同。

（2） sth disagree with sb（尤指食物對某人）不適宜；

使人不舒服

Ice cream always disagrees with me.

我吃了冰淇淋總是感到不舒服。

Do these dishes agree with you？

這些菜合你的口味嗎？

（3） disagree with sth 不贊成；反對

I disagree with violent protests.

我不贊成暴力抗議。

These two reports of the accident disagree with each other.

這兩篇關于事故的報道不太一致。

3. recognise vt. 認識；認知；認出

（1） recognise sb/sth （by/from sth） 認識；認出；辨別出

I recognised her by her red hair.

我從她的紅頭發(fā)認出了她。

Do you recognise this tune？

你能聽出這是哪支曲子嗎？

（2） recognise sth as sth 承認；意識到

Drugs were not recognised as a serious problem at that time.

那時候還沒有把毒品看成一個嚴重問題。

（3） be recognised （as sth） 贊賞；看重；公認

The book is now recognised as a classic.

這本書現(xiàn)在是一部公認的經(jīng)典。

（4） recognise that從句

We recognised that the task was difficult.

我們意識到這個任務很困難。

注意：“我認識你三年了?！辈荒芊g為“I have recognised you for three years.”應把recognised改為known。

4. danger n. 危險

（1） 泛指一般意義的“危險”時，通常是不可數(shù)名詞。表示做某事的危險或發(fā)生某情況的危險等時，通常后接of （doing） sth，而不接不定式。

Is there any danger of fire？ 有發(fā)生火災的危險嗎？

The children didnt realize the danger of swimming in the river.

孩子們沒有意識到在河里游泳的危險。

注意：通常不說“...the danger to swim in the river.”

（2） in danger （of ） 處于（……的）危險中

He is in danger of losing his life. 他有生命危險。

Were in danger of being hit by a stone.

我們有被石頭砸的危險。

（3） 表示“造成危險的原因、危險的人”，或指“威脅、危害”時，是可數(shù)名詞。

He is a danger to society. 他對社會是個危險人物。

Do you know the dangers of smoking？

你知道吸煙的危害嗎？

out of danger 脫離危險

5. connection n. 聯(lián)系；關系；關聯(lián)；連接

（1） in connection with sb/sth 與……有關

He was arrested in connection with this affair.

他因與此事件有關而被拘留。

（2） connection with sth； connection between A and B

（兩種事實、觀念等的）聯(lián)系；關聯(lián)

He refused to admit any connection with the bombing.

他否認與那起轟炸事件有任何關系。

Scientists have established a connection between heart disease and food.

科學家證實心臟病與食物有關。

（3） connection to sth 聯(lián)結(jié)；接通；連接

Connection to the gas supply has been delayed for three days.

接通煤氣延遲了三天。

connect vt. 連接；聯(lián)系；關聯(lián)

connect...with...（使）連接；聯(lián)結(jié)

connect...to... 使（電源、水等）聯(lián)結(jié)；接通

be connected with... 與……有聯(lián)系

6. likely adj. 可能的

（1） be likely to do... 很可能……

Tickets are likely to be expensive.

入場券可能很貴。

She is not likely to come next month.

她下月很可能不來。

（2） Its likely that從句

Its more than likely that the thieves dont know how much it is worth.

盜賊很可能不知道此物的價值。

7. affect vt. 影響；對……有壞影響

（1） affect表示一般性的“影響”（不分好壞）

This article will affect my thinking.

這篇文章將會影響我的思想。

Does this change affect your plan？

這個變化影響了你的計劃嗎？

（2） affect也表示“產(chǎn)生不良影響”

Smoking affects health. 吸煙影響健康。

The noise from the street affected our work.

街上的嘈雜聲影響了我們的工作。

8. ban vt. & n.（明令）禁止；取締

The government has banned the use of chemical weapons.

政府已經(jīng)禁止使用化學武器。

There is a ban on smoking in the theatre.

這劇院內(nèi)禁止吸煙。

ban sb from （doing） sth

He was banned from （attending） the meeting.

他被取消了出席會議的資格。

9. related to 有關系的；有關聯(lián)的

The traffic accident might be related to the rain at that time.

這起交通事故可能與那時的雨有關。

Sometimes， crime is related to drug abuse.

犯罪有時與濫用藥品有關。

relate v. 聯(lián)系；敘述

relate...to... 把……與……聯(lián)系起來

relate... （to sb）（向某人）敘述

She relates her childhood experiences in the first chapters.

在開始的幾章中，她描述了自己童年的經(jīng)歷。

relate to sth/sb 涉及；談到；與……相關

The second paragraph relates to the situation in England.

第二段談到英格蘭形勢。

10. break into 破門而入；強行闖入；突然開始

We had to break into the house because we had lost our key.

因為我們弄丟了鑰匙， 所以不得不破門而入。

She broke into tears when I told her the news.

當我告訴她那個消息時，她一下子哭起來。

break in 闖入；打斷；插嘴

break down 出故障；壞掉；失敗

break out 突然開始；爆發(fā)

break up 粉碎；破碎；結(jié)束

11. belong to 屬于（不用于進行時和被動語態(tài)）

Where do these plates belong？ 這些盤子該放在哪里？

（1） belong to sb 屬于某人；歸某人所有

This watch belongs to me. 這塊表是我的。

（2） belong to sth 是……的成員；是（某族類或綱目）

的一部分

Have you ever belong to a political party？

你加入過什么政黨嗎？

Lions and tigers belong to the cat family.

獅子和老虎屬于貓科。

12. give up 戒除；放棄

They gave up without a fight. 他們不戰(zhàn)而降。

You ought to give up smoking. 你應該戒煙。

跟蹤導練（一）

閱讀理解

If you are having trouble falling asleep， you are in good company. About 65% of Americans said they have sleeping problems a few nights each week， according to a recent study by the National Sleep Foundation. Sleeping too little can lead to a higher risk of becoming fat and getting depressed （沮喪的）. But before you go to a doctor for advice， it is worth examining your sleeping habits one more time. Some of your favorite evening habits may have something to do with the sleeping problems.

1. Setting a Bright Alarm Clock

The light of your bright alarm clock can prevent you from falling asleep. You can make your room as dark as possible. Cover the bright numbers with a book or consider buying a small travel clock. Your cellphone alarm may also do the trick.

2. Counting Sheep

When you just cant fall asleep， its useless to stay in bed to count sheep. If youve been trying to fall asleep for more than 30 minutes， the National Sleep Foundation suggests you get up to do some reading or watch TV for a while. Such activities will make you sleepy. Before you know it， youll be going back to bed really tired.

3. Exercising Late at Night

Daytime workouts （鍛煉） will keep you full of energy for hours. Thats why you dont want to exercise within three hours of hitting the sack. Fierce （劇烈的） physical activities raise your body temperature and improve your energy level—both are bad for a good nights sleep.

1. What can we learn from the first sentence of the passage？

A. Its not good to fail to fall asleep at night.

B. There are many people who have sleeping problems.

C. People in a good company often have sleeping problems.

D. You should find someone to talk to if you cant fall asleep.

2. What is suggested if you cant fall asleep at night？

A. Counting sleep. B. Doing some exercise.

C. Watching TV for a while. D. Shutting your cellphone.

3. The underlined part in the last paragraph means “ ___ ”.

A. going to bed B. going back home

C. going to the gym D. going to the movies

4. The passage is mainly about how to ___ .

A. form some good habits

B. enjoy a good nights sleep

C. solve their sleeping problems

D. get rid of some sleeping habits

選詞填空

從下列方框里10個單詞中選擇8個適當單詞的正確形式填入下列各句中，使其句意完整。每個單詞只使用一次。

belong danger drug relate inject

addict reduce addictive awful attractive

1. Why is it that I find chocolate so ____ ？ I cant help eating it.

2. The doctor is ____ the drug into my arm.

3. Airline personnel can buy air tickets at ____ prices.

4. I cant go too often， because Im a shopping ____ .

5. They regarded overpopulation as a（n） ____ to society.

6. All things are ____ to all other things.

7. The doctor gave my mother a new ____ for her headaches.

8. The final victory always ____ to the people.

單句改錯（下列各句每句有1個錯誤。）

1. The accident may be relate to the weather at that time. ___

2. Now I want to give you some advices and suggestions. ___

3. I was used to go to work by underground when I was in London. ___

4. How many factory workers are in danger to losing their jobs？

___

句子翻譯

1. 這一地區(qū)的犯罪都與毒品有關。

2. 這人死于一次交通事故。

3. 你現(xiàn)在應該聽父母的意見，努力學習。

4. 孩子們每次過這條馬路都面臨著生命危險。

單項選擇

1. Unfortunately， someone broke ___ her house and stole all the money.

A. in B. into

C. out D. away

2. Drugs mean death， so dont become ___ drugs.

A. addicted to B. addictive to

C. addicted with D. addictive with

3. Since then the number of people stopping smoking ___ 10%.

A. reduced to B. has reduced to

C. reduced by D. has reduced by

4. Thats not our house. It belongs to ___ .

A. the Turners B. Turners

C. the Turners D. the Turners

5. Mary ___ short her talk in order to get home early.

A. cut B. contracted

C. got D. reduced

6. The operation was not successful， so now the patient is still ___ .

A. in danger B. out of danger

C. in the danger D. out of the danger

7. It was a pity that the great writer died ___ his works unfinished.

A. with B. for

C. from D. of

8. — Today is sunny！ Shall we have a picnic？

— ___ . I like picnic very much.

A. Im glad to hear that B. I think so

C. I couldnt agree more D. Id like to take your advice

跟蹤導練（二）

選詞填空

從下列方框里10個單詞中選擇8個適當單詞的正確形式填入下列各句中，使其句意完整。每個單詞只使用一次。

powerful illegal criminal crime nearby

anxious connect normal burglary break

1. They committed many horrible ____ against the people.

2. A prison is a place for punishing ____ .

3. ____ nations sometimes want to control the weak ones.

4. I bought some new locks as an insurance against ____ .

5. A basketball match will be held ____ ， not far away.

6. The car computer is ____ by radio to a computer in head-quarters.

7. Have you ever been addicted to a drug or taken drugs ____ without permission？

8. We had to ____ into the house as we had lost the key.

單句改錯（下列各句每句有1個錯誤。）

1. He become addicted to crack cocaine， and fell ill. ___

2. To be a winner， you need give all you have and try your best.

___

3. Some addicts have to steal everything almost every day to pay for drugs. ___

4. We have the same name but were not related to. ___

句子翻譯

1. 為了看得更清楚，這個老人戴上他的眼鏡。

2. 小偷闖入辦公室偷了一些錢。

3. 他因一天抽二十根煙而患上了肝癌。

4. 我們要怎么辦才能不讓她知道那條消息？

單項選擇

1. ___ late in the morning， Bob turned off the alarm.

A. To sleep B. Sleep

C. Sleeping D. Having sleep

2. Many animals have little connection with ___ animals of ___ different kind unless they kill them for food.

A. the； a B. the； the

C. / ； a D. / ； the

3. I study painting very hard ___ become a successful painter in the future.

A. so B. as

C. to D. for

4. ___ avoid the rush hour， I went to the bus stop early.

A. In order to B. So as to

C. So that D. In order that

5. Mary kept watering the flower ___ let it die.

A. so not as to B. so as not to

C. so as to not D. not so as to

6. — I think your English is good， and his is worse than you.

— ___ His English is better than mine.

A. I couldnt agree more. B. Are you serious？

C. I disagree with you. D. Oh， my God.

7. After twenty years abroad， Mr Wang came back only___ his hometown completely changed.

A. to find B. to finding

C. finding D. found

8. I love this singer， ___ I bought the ticket for her concert to see her.

A. because B. so

C. though D. but

完形填空

Some years ago， a captain of a ship was interested in medicine.

One day a lazy sailor on his ship pretended to be ill. He 1 on his bed and groaned （呻吟） that he was very sick. The captain came to see him and was very 2 to have a patient to look after. He looked 3 his medical books and told the man to rest for a few days. Then the captain 4 the other sailors do his work.

The other sailors were very angry， 5 they had more work to do. The “patient” had the best food and 6 at their friends when the captain was not there. At last a sailor decided to cure the “sick” man. He mixed up some soap and other 7 things. Then he got permission from the captain to give his medicine to the “sick” man. When the “sick” man tasted the medicine， its so 8 that he jumped out of his bed. He didnt want this medicine any more.

The “doctor” told the “sick” man that he had to 9 the medicine every half an hour， night and day.

This soon cured the “sick” man. He said he felt 10 and wanted to start working again.

1. A. lie B. lay C. sleep D. work

2. A. angry B. painful C. pleased D. anxious

3. A. to B. in C. for D. after

4. A. made B. helped C. watched D. saw

5. A. but B. when C. if D. because

6. A. wondered B. guessed C. laughed D. looked

7. A. rare B. dangerous C. unpleasant D. illegal

8. A. addictive B. horrible C. powerful D. unhealthy

9. A. take B. eat C. buy D. use

10. A. fatter B. better C. younger D. luckier

跟蹤導練（三）

選詞填空

從下列方框里10個單詞中選擇8個適當單詞的正確形式填入下列各句中，使其句意完整。每個單詞只使用一次。

horrible treatment rarely likely disagree

illegal danger adult affect connection

1. I strongly ____ with you！ You are absolutely wrong.

2. Weapon sale is a（n） ____ act in China.

3. How long will the ____ of the telephone take？

4. These groups should be given equal ____ .

5. The film is for ____ only. Please show me your ID card.

6. Eating and drinking too much is ____ to give one stomach trouble.

7. The amount of rain ____ the growth of crops.

8. I read their papers， but their ideas and their language were ____ childish.

單句改錯（下列各句每句有1個錯誤。）

1. He is so a good person！ We all want to make friends with him.

___

2. The weather is such bad. We have to put off the sports meet.

___

3. She was deeply affected on the news of her fathers death.

___

4. Mike is so honest man that we all believe him. ___

句子翻譯

1. 她今晚很可能給我打電話。

2. 由于喝酒，他被禁止開車了。

3. 他跑得如此快，以至于沒人追得上他。

4. 小孩子總是與他們的父母意見不和。

單項選擇

1. In that area a lot of people died ___ hunger and cold.

A. of B. for

C. from D. off

2. The bad traffic strongly ___ my good mood.

A. effected B. affected

C. influenced D. injured

3. Pop music is ___ an interesting kind of music ___ many people like it.

A. such； as B. such； that

C. so； as D. so； that

4. You have eaten ___ food！ Stop eating now！

A. so many B. so much

C. such much D. such many

5. The little boy saved every coin ___ he could buy his mother a present on Mothers day.

A. so that B. such that

C. that D. so as to

6. She works ___ hard ___ catch up with others.

A. so； as to B. as； as to

C. so； to D. very； as to

7. Many people are still in ___ habit of writing silly things in ___ public places.

A. the； / B. /； /

C. /； the D. the； the

8. Young drivers are always careless and far more ___ to have accidents than older drivers.

A. probable B. possible

C. impossible D. likely

閱讀表達（閱讀下面短文，并按照題目要求用英語回答問題。）

The Monster of Lake Tianchi

The “Monster of Lake Tianchi” in the Changbai Mountains in Jilin Province， northeast China， is back in the news after several recent sightings. The director of a local tourist office， Meng Fanying， said the monster， which seemed to be black in colour， was ten metres from the edge of the lake during the most recent sighting. “It jumped out of the water like a seal—about 200 people on Changbais western peak saw it，” he said. Although no one really got a clear look at the strange creature， Xue Junlin， a local photographer， claimed that its head looked like a horse.

In another recent sighting， a group of soldiers claimed they saw an animal moving on the surface of the water. The soldiers， who were walking along the side of the lake， watched the creature swimming for about two minutes. “It was greenish-black and had a round head with 10-centimetre horns”， one of the soldiers said.

A third report came from Li Xiao， who was visiting the lake with his family. He claimed to have seen a round black creature moving quickly through the water. After three or four hundred metres it dived into the water. Ten minutes later the monster appeared again and repeated the action. Mr Li Xiao said that he and his family were able to see the monster clearly because the weather was fine and the lake was calm.

There have been reports of monsters in Lake Tianchi since the beginning of the last century， although no one has seen one close up. Some photos have been taken but they are not clear because it was too far away. Many people think the monster may be a distant cousin of the Loch Ness monster in Scotland. They also think that there might be similar creatures in other lakes around the world. Scientists， however， are doubtful. They say that the low-temperature lake is unlikely to be able to support such large living creatures.

Lake Tianchi is the highest volcanic lake in the world. It is 2，189 metres high and covers an area of about ten square kilometres. In places it is more than 370 metres deep.

1. How many sightings of the monster does the article report？ （1 word）

2. Who saw the monster clearly？ （within 6 words）

3. Which description of the monster is most detailed？ （within 3 words）

4. When was the monster first sighted？ （within 5 words）

5. What is special about Lake Tianchi？ （within 8 words）

跟蹤導練（四）

閱讀理解

“In 16 states in North America， drugs killed more people than the traffic accidents did”， the government said recently. Experts said that the surprising change showed two opposite trends （趨勢）： driving is becoming safer； the use of painkillers is getting more.

“People see a car accident as something that might happen to them.” said Margaret Warner， an epidemiologist （流行病學家）， “But maybe they see a death from a drug overdose （過量用藥） as something that wont happen to them.”

“There has been a big change in how doctors prescribe （開藥） drugs.” Banta Green， a research scientist from the University of Washington， said， “In the 1990s， doctors began recognising that patients who were suffering from some diseases could have been in need of more painkillers. The prescribing of painkillers rose after that. Today， about one in five American adults and one in ten teenagers are prescribed painkillers each year”.

Researchers counted more than 45，000 deaths nationwide from traffic accidents in 2010， and about 39，000 deaths which were caused by drugs. About 90 percent of those drug-related deaths were sudden deaths which were caused by overdoses， but the count also included people who died from organ damage from long-term drug use or abuse （濫用）. In Massachusetts， there were more than 1，000 drug-related deaths in 2010， double the number of traffic deaths， according to the report. Michigan had about 500 more drug deaths than traffic deaths， and New York had 350 more. All these above are so surprising to us！

1. What can we learn from Margaret Warners words？

A. People are not careful when they take drugs.

B. Traffic accidents are very common in America.

C. Traffic accidents kill more people than drugs do.

D. A death from a drug overdose never happened before.

2. Why did doctors prescribe more painkillers？

A. They wanted to make more money.

B. Patients were believed to need more painkillers.

C. More adults and teenagers wanted to buy painkillers.

D. A big change happened to how doctors prescribe drugs.

3. In Massachusetts， the number of traffic deaths in 2010 was about ___ .

A. 2，000 B. 500

C. 1，000 D. 250

4. The prescribing of painkillers began to rise from the ___ .

A. 1990s B. 1980s

C. 2010s D. 2000s

選詞填空

從下列方框里10個單詞中選擇8個適當單詞的正確形式填入下列各句中，使其句意完整。每個單詞只使用一次。

jog horrible ban danger hate

recognise similar distraction participant affect

1. I find it hard to study at home because there are too many ____ .

2. The new government ____ all the illegal business again.

3. What a（n） ____ feeling！ I have to leave here right now！

4. All ____ in the race should give their names to the starter.

5. I ____ Tom as soon as he came into the room.

6. ____ is now very popular with middle-aged people.

7. A fireman has a（n） ____ way of life.

8. If a war broke out， many other countries will be ____ .

單句改錯（下列各句每句有1個錯誤。）

1. Many smokers also support the ban smoking in public places.

___

2. I know him such well that I can recognise his steps. ___

3. If you feel alone， you can call me whenever you want to. ___

4. This is the best reason for giving up tell you the truth. ___

句子翻譯

1. 你的意見不會影響我的決定。

2. 他決定放棄工作，離開這兒。

3. 我借給你的那些書屬于我弟弟。

4. 我們把鑰匙丟了，只好破門而入。

單項選擇

1. — Why did you give up the job？

— I ___ a better job at Microsoft.

A. was being offered B. was offered

C. am offered D. offered

2. It is not rare in ___ that people in ___ fifties are going to university for further education.

A. 90s； / B. the 90s； /

C. 90s； their D. the 90s； their

3. — Artistic people can be very difficult sometimes.

— Well， youve married one. ___

A. You should know. B. Ive got it.

C. You name it. D. I cant agree more.

4. Excuse me for breaking in， ___ I have some news for you.

A. so B. but

C. and D. yet

5. In the bus， the young should ___ their seats to the old.

A. give up B. give out

C. give in D. give away

6. — ___ this dictionary ___ you？

— Yes， its mine.

A. Does； belong to B. Is； belonging to

C. Was； belonged to D. Is； belonged to

7. Which door does this key ___ ？

A. relate to B. refer to

C. belong to D. connect with

8. — Oh， its you， Alice. I ___ you. You look much thinner than

before.

— Not surprising. Im on a diet.

A. didnt recognise B. hadnt recognised

C. havent recognised D. dont recognise