鋁、旱雙重脅迫下葡萄根系對水楊酸的生理響應(yīng)

張永福+牛燕芬+彭聲靜+董翠蓮+黃鶴平+任禛+陳澤斌

摘要：為了研究水楊酸對鋁、旱雙重脅迫下葡萄（Vitis L.）根系生長及生理特性的影響，探討鋁、旱雙重脅迫的緩解途徑，試驗(yàn)以葡萄扦插苗為試驗(yàn)材料，研究了水楊酸處理對鋁、旱雙重脅迫下葡萄根系生長、根系活力、膜脂過氧化系統(tǒng)及滲透調(diào)節(jié)物質(zhì)含量的影響。結(jié)果表明，鋁、旱雙重脅迫顯著抑制了葡萄根系的長度、比表面積、體積、干重;添加低濃度水楊酸后，使鋁、旱雙重脅迫下葡萄根系的長度、比表面積、體積、干重均顯著增大，但其根冠比顯著減小;在鋁、旱雙重脅迫下，葡萄根系活力顯著高于干旱脅迫處理，水楊酸處理能夠顯著提高鋁、旱雙重脅迫下葡萄根系的活力。鋁、旱雙重脅迫可在一定程度上降低膜脂過氧化程度和活性氧含量，增強(qiáng)保護(hù)酶活性，減輕對葡萄苗的傷害;加入一定濃度的水楊酸后，鋁、旱雙重脅迫下葡萄根系對水楊酸的生理響應(yīng)明顯，使MDA含量、氧自由基產(chǎn)生速率和H2O2含量均顯著降低，POD活性顯著上升。在鋁、旱雙重脅迫下，可溶性糖、游離脯氨酸和可溶性蛋白等滲透調(diào)節(jié)物質(zhì)的含量略有上升，加入水楊酸后，這些滲透調(diào)節(jié)物質(zhì)的含量則大幅度上升。水楊酸緩解葡萄根系鋁、旱雙重脅迫傷害的適宜濃度為50 μmol/L，在此濃度下，水楊酸通過增強(qiáng)保護(hù)酶活性和積累大量滲透調(diào)節(jié)物質(zhì)來降低鋁、旱雙重脅迫下氧自由基的產(chǎn)生，進(jìn)而減輕對葡萄根系的損傷。

關(guān)鍵詞：葡萄（Vitis L.）;根系;鋁;干旱;雙重脅迫;水楊酸;生理響應(yīng)

中圖分類號：S663.1;Q944.54;Q945.78 ? ? 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識碼：A ? ? 文章編號：0439-8114（2015）02-0364-06

DOI：10.14088/j.cnki.issn 0439-8114.2015.02.028

Physiological Responses of Grape Root to Salicylic Acid under Stress

of Aluminum and Drought

ZHANG Yong-fu，NIU Yan-fen，PENG Sheng-jing，DONG Cui-lian，HUANG He-ping，REN Zhen，CHEN Ze-bin

（School of Agriculture， Kunming University， Kunming 650214， China）

Abstract： The effects of salicylic acid on growth and physiological properties of grape（Vitis L.） roots were studied under aluminum and drought double stress. The pathway for alleviating the double stress was explored. The experiment was carried out with the cutting seedlings of grape pretreated by salicylic acid under aluminum and drought double stress. The results showed that the double stress significantly inhibited root length and volume of grape. Adding low concentration of salicylic acid significantly increased root length， surface area， volume， dry weight of grape under double stress while significantly reduced the ratio of root to shoot. Under double stress， the root activity was significantly higher than that under drought stress. Salicylic acid treatment significantly improved root activity of grape under double stress. Under aluminum and drought double stress， membrane lipid peroxidation and active oxygen content was reduced to enhance the activity of protective enzymes and alleviate the damage degree of grape seedlings. The physiological response of grape roots to salicylic acid under double stress was obvious when adding salicylic acid with certain concentration as MDA content， production rate of oxygen free radical and H2O2 content decreased significantly while SOD and POD activity increased significantly. Content of osmotic substance including soluble sugar， proline and soluble protein increased slightly under double stress， while greatly increased after adding salicylic acid. 50 μmol/L salicylic acid was the optimal concentration for alleviating the damage of aluminum and drought double stress on grape roots. Under this concentration， damage of grape roots under aluminum and drought stress was alleviated when the production of oxygen free radicals was reduced by enhancing the activity of protective enzymes and accumulation of osmolytes.endprint