重慶車(chē)企“走出去”面臨三大困擾：信息、法律、金融風(fēng)險(xiǎn)

近日，某重慶知名車(chē)企高層負(fù)責(zé)人（應(yīng)采訪(fǎng)者要求隱去其姓名）在接受記者采訪(fǎng)時(shí)表示，參加調(diào)研的車(chē)企在“走出去”擴(kuò)展外部市場(chǎng)方面遇到的困擾主要集中在以下三個(gè)方面：

一是對(duì)投資國(guó)的基本情況難以準(zhǔn)確地把握。對(duì)投資國(guó)產(chǎn)業(yè)政策、法律法規(guī)、準(zhǔn)入條件、進(jìn)入模式不熟悉，會(huì)造成不必要的損失。希望加強(qiáng)政府部門(mén)主導(dǎo)下的多邊或雙邊經(jīng)貿(mào)磋商，減少和排除境外各種貿(mào)易技術(shù)壁壘，積極與相關(guān)國(guó)家（地區(qū)）簽訂投資貿(mào)易保護(hù)協(xié)定、避免雙重征稅協(xié)定、司法協(xié)助協(xié)定、經(jīng)貿(mào)合作協(xié)定等政府間協(xié)定，為“走出去”的企業(yè)營(yíng)造寬松和諧的營(yíng)銷(xiāo)環(huán)境。

二是法律障礙。由于傳統(tǒng)習(xí)俗和法律沿革不同等因素，很多國(guó)家的法律體系和中國(guó)大陸不盡相同，在對(duì)于同一個(gè)事實(shí)的判斷上有所不同，這本是非常正常的，就需要我們的企業(yè)和當(dāng)?shù)氐穆蓭熍c律師事務(wù)所有很好的溝通，而對(duì)于大多數(shù)中國(guó)企業(yè)尤其是民營(yíng)企業(yè)來(lái)說(shuō)，這恰恰是一個(gè)難點(diǎn)、難題。希望政府建立經(jīng)常性固定信息通道（如：公共商貿(mào)信息平臺(tái)），給企業(yè)提供境外相關(guān)市場(chǎng)信息，介紹合作伙伴，對(duì)企業(yè)進(jìn)行及時(shí)有效的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)提示和預(yù)警報(bào)告。

第三是金融風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，尤其是匯率風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，這一風(fēng)險(xiǎn)在新興經(jīng)濟(jì)體國(guó)家尤其突出。希望政府能在這方面給予更多支持，如：扶持在境外創(chuàng)立銷(xiāo)售機(jī)構(gòu)（含網(wǎng)絡(luò)平臺(tái)）、開(kāi)拓國(guó)際市場(chǎng)資金補(bǔ)貼（廣告宣傳、貸款貼息、境外注冊(cè)、專(zhuān)利保護(hù)、人身保險(xiǎn)）。

為此，車(chē)企負(fù)責(zé)人們還一致希望政府相關(guān)部門(mén)能夠設(shè)立專(zhuān)門(mén)機(jī)構(gòu)，具體負(fù)責(zé)政策咨詢(xún)、業(yè)務(wù)及人才培訓(xùn)、境外市場(chǎng)信息定期發(fā)布、風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)估和防范，介紹境外相關(guān)法律法規(guī)、組織協(xié)調(diào)各家車(chē)企聯(lián)合到境外設(shè)立營(yíng)銷(xiāo)機(jī)構(gòu)。

● 編輯：李靜

長(zhǎng)安汽車(chē) 攝影：何鋒

A senior manager of a renowned Chongqing auto-maker （requested to be anonymous） said during the interview that barriers baf fling local auto-makers in “expanding external markets” are mainly three：

One， it is dif ficult to accurately grasp the basic conditions in the invested nation. The unfamiliarity toward industrial policies，laws and regulations， access conditions and entrance modes may cause unnecessary losses. By enhancing multilateral or bilateral trade negotiations dominated by government，we strive to minimize and eliminate various trade technological barriers abroad. Through active signing of investment and trade protection agreements with relevant countries （regions）and avoiding inter-governmental agreements like dual taxation， judicial assistance and trade cooperation， we can create easier and more harmonious marketing environment for enterprises' “go-global” endeavors.

Two， legal barriers. Due to dif ferent traditions， local customs and laws， many countries' legal systems are quite dif ferent from that in Chinese mainland， thus giving rise to different judgment toward the same fact， which is very normal. This requires our enterprises to communicate thoroughly with local lawyers and law firms. To most Chinese enterprises， private enterprises in particular， however， this is a hard nut to crack. They hope government to set up regular f xed information channels （such as public trade information platforms）， of fer enterprises relevant overseas market information， introduce partners and give enterprises timely and ef fective risk reminders and alerts.

Three， financial risks， especially exchange rate risks. Such risks are quite prominent in emerging economies. More government support is expected in areas like establishing sales agencies abroad （including internet platforms）and exploring international market capital subsidies （favorable advertisements， loans and interest subsidies， overseas registrations， patent protections and life insurances）.

To this end， auto-makers all hope government departments to set up specific institutions for policy consultation， business and talent training， regular release of overseas market information， risk evaluation and prevention，introduction of overseas laws and regulations and organization of auto-makers to jointly set up overseas marketing agencies.

Three Challenges Hinder Chongqing Auto-makers from Going Global：
Information， Laws and Financial Risks