建筑設(shè)計(jì)：赫爾佐格與德梅隆Architects: Herzog & de Meuron

夏澤魯格山服務(wù)設(shè)施，吐根堡，瑞士

Ch?serrugg, Toggenburg, Switzerland, 2015

建筑設(shè)計(jì)：赫爾佐格與德梅隆Architects: Herzog & de Meuron

海拔約2261m（7420ft）的夏澤魯格山是Churfirsten Massif七連山的最東峰。它從北側(cè)的吐根堡河谷緩緩升起，到南側(cè)陡然直落1905m（6250ft）插入Walensee湖。欣特魯格山、羅森博登山和夏澤魯格山構(gòu)成的高地平原與懸崖峭壁形成強(qiáng)烈的反差。在這令人嘆為觀止的地形背后，阿爾卑斯山徐徐展開，融入地平線。1972年以來(lái)，這一地區(qū)就是靠溫特瓦瑟-伊爾蒂奧斯-夏澤魯格纜車出入的，從慕尼黑到圣加侖只需不到半小時(shí)。

纜車開始運(yùn)行后，這家餐廳被臨時(shí)安置在原來(lái)的建筑工人宿舍里?，F(xiàn)在它已被拆除，用于建設(shè)新的餐廳。纜車站1970年代典型的實(shí)用性鋼結(jié)構(gòu)和混凝土基礎(chǔ)得以保留，而面材已被替換。這座新的山間餐廳與纜車站成直角，并沿山景水平向南綿延。一片大屋頂將兩座建筑連接在一起，并形成了一處室外平臺(tái)庭院。

新纜車站在混凝土基礎(chǔ)上以實(shí)木建成，由山谷中的當(dāng)?shù)毓そ愁A(yù)制后，于夏天在山頂組裝。室內(nèi)則在同年冬天完成。我們使用木材是因?yàn)橄Ｍc當(dāng)?shù)氐膫鹘y(tǒng)相呼應(yīng)。另外，對(duì)資源的巧妙利用也同樣重要。除了吊車是用直升機(jī)運(yùn)來(lái)的，建筑所需的全部構(gòu)件都是用纜車在其正常運(yùn)行期間送來(lái)的。挖出的土成為制作混凝土和礫石面的材料。

這家餐廳是一個(gè)縱長(zhǎng)的靈活空間。由當(dāng)?shù)氐脑粕贾瞥傻闹貜?fù)性木構(gòu)件為它營(yíng)造出特別的氣氛。低矮的懸挑屋頂架在密柱之上，成為建筑的主要元素，前面還有帶頂?shù)呐_(tái)地。餐廳三面的玻璃窗讓人將山間美景盡收眼底。第四面是有固定桌椅的凹龕，每個(gè)龕都有獨(dú)立的窗，框出獨(dú)特的山景?！酰ㄉ袝x 譯）

The Ch?serugg at 7420 ft is the easternmost peak of the seven mountains that make up the Churfirsten Massif. It rises up gently from the Toggenburg district to the north and becomes a steep cliff to the south, plummeting almost 6250 ft down to the Lake of Walensee. The high, flat plateau formed by the Hinterrugg, Rosenboden and Ch?serrugg peaks stands in great contrast to the steep, precipitous walls of the cliff. Behind this impressive topography, the backdrop of the Alps stretches all the way to the horizon. The region has been accessible since 1972 via the Unterwasser-Iltios-Ch?serrugg Cable Car and can be reached in less than an hour from Zurich and St. Gallen.

Ever since the cable car went into operation, the restaurant has been provisionally located in the house originally built for the construction workers. Now it has been torn down to make room for a new restaurant. The station, a pragmatic steel structure on a concrete foundation typical of the 1970s, has remained and been clad in a different fa?ade. The new mountain restaurant is placed perpendicular to the station, extending horizontally along the mountain panorama towards the south. A large roofed area connects the two structures and creates an entrance court.

The new station is constructed with solid wood on a concrete foundation. It was prefabricated by local craftsmen in the valley and assembled on top of the mountain in the course of a summer. The interior was completed the following winter. We decided to use wood because we wanted to echo local tradition. Equally important was a thoughtful exploitation of resources: except for the crane, which was transported by helicopter, all of the parts required for the building were transported by cable car in the course of its regular rides. The excavated earth was used to make the concrete and also as an ingredient of the gravel surfacing.

The restaurant is a long, flexible space, its atmosphere marked by the repetitive woodwork from vernacular spruces. The low-hung roof resting on closely placed columns is the dominant element of the building with a covered front terrace. Glazed on three sides, the restaurant offers spectacular views of the scenery. Niches with built-in benches and tables occupy the fourth side of the room. Each niche has its own window and thus its own framed view of the mountain scape.□ (Text: Herzog & de Meuron)

1 遠(yuǎn)景/Distant view

2 屋頂平面/Roof plan（? Herzog & de Meuron）

3 外景/Exterior view

4 北立面/North elevation（? Herzog & de Meuron）

5 剖面/Section（? Herzog & de Meuron）

項(xiàng)目信息/Credits and Data

客戶/Client: Toggenburg Bergbahnen TBB AG

合伙人/Partners: Jacques Herzog, Pierre de Meuron, Christine Binswanger

負(fù)責(zé)合伙人/Partner in Charge: Christine Binswanger

項(xiàng)目團(tuán)隊(duì)/Project Team:

項(xiàng)目總監(jiān)/Project Director: Michael Fischer (Associate)

山上站臺(tái)/Mountain Station:

項(xiàng)目管理/Project Managers: Beatus Kopp, Hendrik Steinigeweg概念研究/Concept Study:

項(xiàng)目建筑師/Project Architect: Salomé Gutscher

其他團(tuán)隊(duì)成員/Other Members: Roman Aebi (Workshop), Michael B?r (Associate), Frederik Bo Bojesen, Leif Buchmann, Yannick Claessens, Santiago Espitia-Berndt, Alexander

Franz, Alen Guberinic, Justin Hui, Maria Krasteva, Victor Lefebvre(Workshop), Severin Odermatt, Philipp Schaefle, Kaspar St?be, Christoph Wassmann, Freya Winkelmann

施工管理/Construction Management: Ghisleni

暖通工程/HVAC Engineering: Amstein + Walthert

結(jié)構(gòu)工程/Structural Engineering: Schnetzer Puskas Ingenieure, Pirmin Jung, Sch?llibaum

建筑物理/Building Physics: Zimmermann & Leuthe

消防顧問/Fire Protection: Amstein + Walthert

室內(nèi)設(shè)計(jì)顧問/Interior Consulting: Rondelli Consulting

場(chǎng)地面積/Site Area: 6740m2

建筑面積/Floor Area: 2500m2

層數(shù)/Number of Levels: 3

攝影/Photos: ? Katalin Deér, chaeserrugg.ch

6 餐廳內(nèi)景/Interior view of restaurant

評(píng)論

李華：大背景中的小建筑，位于山頂之巔，臨淵而立，除了功能的滿足，其重要的任務(wù)之一便是在這個(gè)特殊條件下重構(gòu)內(nèi)與外的關(guān)系：于外，自然中的人造物，如何既突兀于其中又與之契合；于內(nèi)，在予以庇護(hù)、令人獲得安全感的同時(shí)，又可以投入到四周的景色之中；而內(nèi)外之間，是如何處理好大小尺度間的轉(zhuǎn)化。如果說這3點(diǎn)是大多數(shù)景觀建筑需要做的，那么，這座建筑面臨的可能是這些問題的極致化，以及內(nèi)外觀景的差異化。由此，在兩個(gè)方向呼應(yīng)等高線的對(duì)稱平面、與平面錯(cuò)位的整體覆蓋的屋頂，干凈利落，卻并不簡(jiǎn)單。陳龍：這是一座非典型的交通建筑。纜車特殊的機(jī)械安裝條件，決定了建筑的高度。建筑師巧妙地將兩個(gè)高度要求差異很大的體量，通過一個(gè)巨大的異形金屬坡屋面整合在一起，使其具有了一個(gè)有識(shí)別性、令人印象深刻的面貌。建筑周邊進(jìn)深不等的懸挑屋面，既提供了有歸屬感的半室外活動(dòng)空間，又使建筑看起來(lái)頗具歡迎感。這是一座重木結(jié)構(gòu)的建筑。巨大的歐洲云杉膠合木框架梁柱在結(jié)構(gòu)上不算巧妙，但是遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)看去卻使建筑看起來(lái)明顯縮小了，使人有種莫名的親切。

7 外景/Exterior view

Comments

LI Hua: As a small building in a large context, it is located on a mountain peak, standing on the edge of an abyss. In addition to meeting its functional requirements, one of its main design tasks is to create an internal and external relationship in regard to its location. On the exterior, how can this artificial object stand out while integrating itself within nature, and in the interior, how can the building correspond to the surrounding landscape, while providing shelter and a sense of security, and deal with the transformation between large and small scales between the outside and inside. Typically these above aspects are achieved primarily by landscape architecture, but what this building faces are extreme cases, as well as the differentiation of the internal and external landscape.Thus, the symmetrical planes of the building are designed in concert with two directions of contour lines, and while the earth-covered roof appears mismatched with these planes, the overall impression remains neat and tidy, but not very simple.

CHEN Long: This is an unusual piece of transportation infrastructure. The building height is determined by the special mechanical installation conditions of the cable cars. The architects have tactfully combined two volumes, which have different height requirements, together through a huge metal sloping roof, endowing the building with an identifiable and impressive image. In certain areas, the building's roof is cantilevered at a distance, which not only provides a semi-outdoor activity space characterized by a sense of belonging, but also conveys the warm feelings emanating from the building. This is a heavy-timbered building, and the huge laminated European spruce beams cannot possibly be regarded as artful, but they do make the building look smaller from afar, thus impressing people with an unexplainable feeling of intimacy.