陳春 陳衛(wèi)軍 賴上坤等
摘要[目的]篩選適合宿遷地區(qū)機插秧種植的水稻品種,以滿足當?shù)貙C插栽培早熟品種的需求,同時擴大機插秧面積,提高水稻種植機械化程度。[方法]比較16個水稻品種在宿遷地區(qū)的生育期、農(nóng)藝性狀、經(jīng)濟性狀等指標。[結果]秀水519、皖墾糯1號、圣稻740等品種全生育期較長;圣稻20、圣稻020、精華2號、臨稻11、新豐5號等品種株高都在105 cm以上,后期存在倒伏減產(chǎn)的風險;圣武糯0146、津稻253等品種株高較矮,產(chǎn)量潛力受限制,圣稻19與對照相比穗型略小、產(chǎn)量略低;陽光800、臨稻16、中06-1、中作稻2號4個品種全生育期短,株高都在100 cm左右,抗倒伏能力強,株型適中,穗型較大,產(chǎn)量潛力高。[結論]陽光800、臨稻16、中06-1、中作稻2號等品種具有高產(chǎn)潛力,適宜在宿遷地區(qū)機插種植。
關鍵詞水稻;品種;機插;宿遷
中圖分類號S511文獻標識碼A文章編號0517-6611(2016)04-053-03
Planting Performance of 16 Rice Varieties in Suqian Area
CHEN Chun, CHEN Wei-jun, LAI Shangkun et al (Suqian Academy of Agricultural Science, Suqian, Jiangsu 223800)
Abstract[Objective] To screen the rice varieties suitable for the machine seedling planting of Suqian Area, to expand the area of machine seedling planting, and to enhance the rice planting mechanization degree. [Method] The growth periods, agronomic traits and economic characters of 16 rice varieties in Suqian Area were compared. [Result] Qiushui 519, Wankennuo 1 and Shengdao 740 had relatively long growth period. Plant heights of Shengdao 20, Shengdao 020, Jinghua 2, Lindao 11 and Xinfeng 5 were all greater than 105 cm, there were risks of lodging production in later period. Shengwunuo 0146 and Jindao 253 had relatively low plant heights, and the yield potential was restricted. Compared with control, Shengdao 19 had smaller ear shape and low yield. Yangguang 800, Lindao 16, Zhong 061 and Zhongzuodao 2 had relatively short growth period, strong lodging resistance capability, high yield potential, moderate plant type, and big ear type; their plant heights were all around 100 cm. [Conclusion] Yangguang 800, Lindao 16, Zhong 061 and Zhongzuodao 2 have high yield potential, and are suitable for machine planting in Suqian Area.
Key wordsRice; Variety; Machine planting; Suqian
宿遷位于江蘇省北部、長江三角洲地區(qū),區(qū)域內(nèi)地勢平坦,水源充足,是傳統(tǒng)的商品糧生產(chǎn)基地。近年來該地區(qū)機插秧面積逐步擴大,對熟期早、綜合抗性優(yōu)良、適宜機插的水稻品種需求加大。2015年宿遷市農(nóng)業(yè)科學研究院引進16個水稻品種在自有基地示范種植,以篩選適合宿遷地區(qū)機插栽培的水稻品種,滿足當?shù)貙C插栽培早熟品種的需求,同時擴大機插秧面積,提高水稻種植機械化程度。
1材料與方法
1.1試驗材料試驗選用的16個水稻品種都為常規(guī)粳稻品種,審定品種10個,正在參加各類試驗品種5個,對照品種1個(連粳7號)。參試品種及推薦單位分別為圣稻19(山東濟寧水稻研究所),圣稻20(山東濟寧水稻研究所),圣稻0140(山東濟寧水稻研究所),圣稻020(山東濟寧水稻研究所),精華2號(江蘇歡騰農(nóng)業(yè)有限公司),秀水519(浙江勿忘農(nóng)種業(yè)股份有限公司),皖墾糯1號(合肥皖墾種業(yè)股份有限公司),陽光800(郯城縣種子公司,連云港神州種業(yè)),津稻253(山東潤農(nóng)種業(yè)科技有限公司),臨稻11(沂南縣水稻研究所),臨稻16(沂南縣水稻研究所),中06-1(江蘇省泗棉種業(yè)有限責任公司),中作稻2號(江蘇金萬禾農(nóng)業(yè)科技有限公司),圣稻740(江蘇天隆種業(yè)科技有限公司),新豐5號(河南豐源種子有限公司)。
1.2試驗地概況試驗安排在宿遷市農(nóng)業(yè)科學研究院水稻試驗基地。基地位于泗陽縣(118.68°E,33.73°N),境內(nèi)氣候溫和濕潤、四季分明、光照充足、雨水充沛,屬北亞熱帶季風過渡性氣候區(qū),是傳統(tǒng)的水稻耕作區(qū)。試驗田塊前茬為空地,土壤類型為黏土,肥力中上,土地平整,周圍無化學污染源。