美國洛杉磯市 (2002-2008)

洛杉磯市中心第九高中演藝中心

美國洛杉磯市 (2002-2008)

業(yè)主：洛杉磯聯(lián)合校區(qū)

規(guī)劃設計：藍天組建筑設計事務所

設計主持：沃爾夫?狄?普瑞克斯

設計建筑師：Karolin Schmidbaur, Dionicio Valdez

燈光設計：華盛頓特區(qū)George Sexton聯(lián)合公司

基地面積： 38 578平方米

總建筑面積：31 138平方米

圖片：Roland Halbe, Duccio Malagamba

制圖：藍天組

Client: LAUSD – Los Angeles Unified School District, CA, USA

Planning: COOP HIMMELB(L)AU – Wolf D. Prix, Helmut Swiczinsky,

Wolfdieter Dreibholz ZT GmbH

Design Principal: Wolf D. Prix

Design Architects: Karolin Schmidbaur, Dionicio Valdez

Site Area: 39 578 m2

Gross Floor Area: 31 138 m2

Images: ? Roland Halbe；? Duccio Malagamba

Plans: ? COOP HIMMELB(L)AU

三座富有雕塑特色的建筑物猶如國際象棋的棋子一般，矗立在第九高中的校園中：象征藝術的塔樓，劇院大廳和位于中間的圖書館。在學校的主要入口處，通過24米寬的大臺階，可以看到這三座建筑物。項目選址于洛杉磯城市中心，與格蘭大街走廊僅間隔了一條101公路。沿洛杉磯市區(qū)最熱鬧的一條要道邊緣，可直接望見學校。正是由于該項目的中心位置，藍天組才決定以此為出發(fā)點來設計學校的建筑理念。利用建筑在高中學校內(nèi)打造一片公共空間，同時提供藝術表演，這就是本項目對教育和社區(qū)的主要貢獻，這在當今洛杉磯的公立學校建筑中也是獨一無二的。

視覺藝術、表演藝術、音樂和舞蹈等四個學院為1800名學生提供各類設施，包括教室、工作室和行政區(qū)域等。公共區(qū)域圍繞學校的主操場分為：圖書館、表演藝術中心（950個座位）、咖啡廳、行政區(qū)、科技活動室以及露天設施。

建筑符號——象棋理念

劇院綜合體的結構包括前廳、大禮堂（含樂池）、舞臺（包括頂部和后臺）以及一個圓形露天劇場（含舞臺區(qū)）。

劇院有950個座位，供學生掌握所有專業(yè)舞臺的相關技術操作，表演對公眾開放。

位于劇院頂部的塔樓融入了螺旋坡道元素，且坡道旋轉成9字形，這是洛杉磯城市中一處引人注目的藝術標識。塔內(nèi)空間是舉辦活動、會議和展覽的場所，在此可以俯瞰全城。

圖書館是學習的場所，是知識的殿堂，在該項目中藍天組將其設計為一座傾斜的平頂圓錐形建筑，并位于校園的中心位置。在圖書館內(nèi)部，錐體提供了一個大型的開放空間，光源則來自頂部的圓形天窗。設計創(chuàng)造了一個開闊、動感而又含蓄、集中的空間，適合人們在其中思考和專心致志地學習。

四座教學大樓形成了學校內(nèi)操場的邊界。每個學院以及其他的公共教育區(qū)和行政區(qū)都位于這座功能性建筑群內(nèi)。每座建筑都與一個中央走廊相連，中央走廊同時兼具展館的功能。寬敞開闊的公共階梯在進出口都設置了門哨，形成了內(nèi)外部的過渡空間。每座學院大樓都設有普通教室、藝術工作室、工作室和衛(wèi)星樓管理中心。

Like chess figures three sculptural buildings dominate the campus of the High School #9: a tower as sign for the arts, a public lobby, and the library in the center. All three buildings can be seen from the main school entrance via a 24 m wide grand stair. The central location of the site downtown, separated from the Grand Avenue corridor by the 101 freeway and thus visually exposed along the edge of one of the most widely used thoroughfares in downtown Los Angeles, served Coop Himmelb(l)au as the point of departure for the architectural concept for the school. To provide public spaces within a high school through the architecture and supported by the performing arts program is one of the main contributions of this project to education and the community, and unique in contemporary public school buildings in Los Angeles.

The facilities for the four academies for Visual Arts, Performing Arts, Music and Dance are used by about 1,800 students and include classrooms, studios and administrative spaces. Shared spaces are grouped around the main school courtyard: the library, a public 950 seat performing arts theater, a cafeteria, administrations spaces, science rooms, and open air facilities.

Architectural Signs – Chess Concept

The theater complex consists of the entrance lobby, main auditorium with orchestra pit, stage with fly loft, back stage, and an outdoor amphitheater with stage area.

The theater with a seating capacity of 950 visitors will allow the students to learn all technical aspects of operating on a professional stage and will be open to the public for performances.

A tower with spiralling ramp in the shape of the number 9 is located on top of the theater’s fly-loft serves as a widely visible sign for the arts in the city. Inside the tower, an event, conference and exhibition space with a view across the city is located.

As the symbol for learning and education the library is formally expressed through a slanted, truncated cone and placed in the center of the school courtyard. Inside, the cone provides a large open space illuminated from above by a circular skylight. This offers an open, dynamic, but introverted and concentrated space for contemplation and focused learning.

The four classroom buildings form the perimeter of the school’s interior courtyards. The functional boxes house one academy each as well as other shared educational and administrative spaces. Each building is organized with a central corridor which doubles as an exhibition gallery. Generous open public stairways with lookout points to the exterior and expressive entrances serve as transition spaces between the exterior and interior. Each academy building houses its general classrooms, artstudios, workrooms, and satellite administration spaces.

? Duccio Malagamba

沿著格蘭大街和場地周圍的戰(zhàn)略高點都裝上了大塊的圓形窗戶，形成了一種獨樹一幟、生氣勃勃的外觀，路人可以看到學校里的活動。同樣，建筑內(nèi)的學生也能夠以不斷變化的視角審視這個城市。

除了在格蘭大街的公共入口，七座建筑物又圍合出一個具有代表性的主入口。24米寬的開放式大臺階直接通向學校的主操場，中間是圓錐形的圖書館，后面是劇院和塔樓。主入口被設計成一個大臺階，象征著學生在學校的生活和教育是其人生的一個決定性階段。

材質(zhì)和色彩概念

項目采用的材質(zhì)和色彩是建筑構想的重要部分。三座極富雕塑特色的建筑物，即塔樓、劇院大廳和圖書館，外覆噴沙亞光不銹鋼，其淺反射表面增加了建筑的雕塑感，使其顯得與校園里其他建筑物截然不同。

為達到最佳隔音效果，采用了露石混凝土作為劇院的結構端外部材料，其重量和無孔性塑造出一種強烈的抽象形式，可以看到舉辦專場活動的內(nèi)部隱藏空間。

沿著格蘭大街就能發(fā)現(xiàn)視覺藝術大樓，外覆涂滿深灰粉末的鋁板，立面裝飾著不規(guī)則的圓形玻璃，使其顯得格外引人注目。

坐落在校園后方的舞蹈、音樂和行政大樓，外涂光滑的灰漿。

環(huán)保、節(jié)能和建筑服務理念

建筑內(nèi)部應用了以下幾種策略來提高能源效率：

? 所有建筑物采用了整體空間規(guī)模，以實現(xiàn)功能和形式的合成效應? 采用了有效的管道分布格局，避免密實空間長期閑置

? 減少智能配置供應區(qū)域的空氣調(diào)節(jié)量，送回空氣調(diào)節(jié)器，避免浪費能源調(diào)節(jié)未用空間

除了專用房間外，所有區(qū)域都安裝了活動窗，讓新鮮空氣流通，達到良好的通風效果。另外，每間教室都安裝了獨立的暖通空調(diào)系統(tǒng)。

Along Grand Avenue and at strategic viewpoints around the site large round windows are placed to create a distinct and lively exterior and to allow passers by a glimpse of the activities within the school. Likewise, students inside the buildings will have visual contact with the city with constantly changing perspectives and frames.

In addition to the public entrance on Grand Avenue the seven buildings frame the representational main school entrance. A 24 m wide grand open stair leads directly into the main school courtyard with the conical library in its center and theater and tower in the background. The main entrance symbolically sets the stage for the students to experience this school as a decisive stage in their life and education.

Material and colour concept

The materials and colours chosen for the project are an integral part of the architectural conception. The three sculptural forms - the tower, lobby and library - are clad in bead blasted stainless steel. Its softly reflective surface enhances the sculptural quality of the buildings and sets them apart from the rest of the campus.

For acoustical reasons exposed concrete was chosen as the structural end exterior material of the theater. Its heaviness and the absence of openings create a powerful abstract form in whose hidden interior the space for special events can be found.

The visual arts building – situated visibly along Grand Avenue – is clad elegantly in dark grey powder coated aluminum panels and accentuated through a fa?ade of irregular round windows.

The dance, music and administration buildings towards the back of the campus are clad in smooth grey plaster.

Environmental, Energy and Building Services Concepts

Inside the buildings several strategies are employed to enhance energy efficiency:

? Integrated space planning for all buildings to create a synergy of function and form

? Most effective duct distribution layout to avoid excess unused plenum space

? Reduce volume of conditioned space to the area where people are through intelligent placement of supply and return air registers, instead of conditioning unused space.

? Operable windows in all spaces except specialty rooms to allow for fresh air to contribute to space ventilation. In addition, separate HVAC controls for each classroom.

Central Los Angeles Area High School #9 for the Visual and Performing Arts

Los Angeles, USA (2002-2008)

? Duccio Malagamba

? Duccio Malagamba

? Roland Halbe

? Roland Halbe

? Duccio Malagamba