“高效低成本新型薄膜光伏材料與器件的基礎研究”項目立項報告

戴松元 孔凡太 胡林華 朱俊

摘 要：能源是人類社會賴以生存和發(fā)展的重要物質保障，是國民經濟和社會發(fā)展的基礎。隨著化石能源的日趨枯竭和全球對“溫室效應”的關注，開發(fā)利用清潔可再生能源正成為現(xiàn)在和未來世界能源科技發(fā)展的主旋律。本期973中擬以染料敏化太陽電池和硅基薄膜太陽電池為主要研究對象，納入化合物半導體薄膜太陽電池和新型結構薄膜太陽電池，通過項目的深化實施，進一步解決上述電池在新型寬光譜吸收材料體系的完備、先進光管理設計、高效電池結構優(yōu)化和低成本實現(xiàn)、以及大面積材料制備和器件制造中的關鍵科學和技術問題，探索研究新材料、新結構和電池機理，大幅提高電池的光電轉化效率。在發(fā)揮上述電池原材料豐富、能耗低、工藝技術簡單、成本優(yōu)勢的基礎上，使其實現(xiàn)具有競爭力的低于0.5美元/峰瓦目標，在15至25年內能真正成為能源領域的重要組成部分。通過本項目的研究，將有利于促進太陽電池相關學科和交叉學科的發(fā)展，對薄膜光電子器件的薄膜材料人工設計、異質結理論、載流子有效傳輸和快速分離、光電子轉換機理等理論更深層次的發(fā)展，亦具有十分重要的意義。

關鍵詞：薄膜；光伏；材料與器件；太陽電池；染料敏化；硅薄膜

Abstract：Energy is the important material guarantee of the survival and development of human society and the foundation of the national economy and social development. With the depletion of the fossil energy and the increased attention on global "greenhouse effect"， the development and utilization of clean renewable energy has become the main theme of present and future world energy technology. The 973 project focuses on dye sensitized solar cells and thin film silicon solar cells， taking into account the II-VI thin film solar cells and the novel solar cells. Through the implementation of the project， we aim to solve the key scientific and technical problems on the novel wide spectral material system， advanced light management design， high performance device structure optimization and low cost fabrication， and large scale preparation of material and device. Novel materials， novel structure and cell mechanism are to be investigated to significally improve the power conversion efficiency. Based on the advantages of rich raw materials， low energy consumption， simple process technology and low cost， we aim to realize its competitive target below $0.5 per Watt Peak and then make it an important component part of the energy field within the next 15 to 25 years. This project will help promote the development of solar cell related disciplines and cross disciplines and also has a very important significance on material design， heterojunction theory， carrier effective transport and fast separation， optoelectronic mechanism of film optoelectronic devices.

Key Words：Thin-film；Photovoltaic；Matericals and devices；Solar Cell；Dye-sensitized silicon thin-film

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