THE MYSTERIOUS COCKPIT

The Cockpit is the brain of an aircraft, and the pilot takes full control of the cockpit during flying. In this article, a senior captain from China Southern Airlines will bring you a glimpse of the mysterious cockpit to see how “the brain” controls the plane to roll, turn and change direction.

神秘的駕駛艙

駕駛艙可謂是飛機(jī)的大腦，飛行員在駕駛艙對(duì)飛行進(jìn)行全面管理。本期由南航資深機(jī)長(zhǎng)帶您進(jìn)入神秘駕駛艙，來(lái)看看“大腦”是如何指揮橫滾、轉(zhuǎn)彎、方向控制等飛行重要環(huán)節(jié)的。

Text by Yiwu Translation by Tao Wenjia Photos by Zengjian

NO.1

CONTROL COLUMN (MAINLY TO CONTROL THE AILERONS)：TO ROLL AND TURN

駕駛桿(主要用來(lái)操縱飛機(jī)副翼)：實(shí)現(xiàn)橫滾和轉(zhuǎn)彎

Roll橫滾

Step1: When pilots turn the control column, one aileron is raised while the other is lowered.

用駕駛桿控制副翼，一邊的副翼向上運(yùn)動(dòng)，另一邊的副翼向下運(yùn)動(dòng)。

Step2: As a result, the lifts of the wings create a pressure difference.

導(dǎo)致機(jī)翼兩端的升力發(fā)生變化，產(chǎn)生了壓力差。

Step3: Lift is lost on the wing where the aileron is raised, but is increased on the side where the aileron is lowered. It then provides an impetus for the plane to roll.

副翼升起的一端的升力小于副翼降下的一端的升力，這樣，就提供了飛機(jī)左右橫滾的動(dòng)力。

Turn轉(zhuǎn)彎

The ailerons and multi-functional spoilers can also help with the turn. If you want to make a left turn, the spoilers will be raised to the left, while the right aileron will be lowered. This manoeuvre will make it possible for the plane to roll on the lateral axis. A new centripetal force will be created so the plane will make a turn through this force.飛機(jī)的副翼跟多功能擾流板還可以幫助飛機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)彎，假設(shè)飛機(jī)向左轉(zhuǎn)彎，那么飛機(jī)的多功能擾流板向左側(cè)升起，右側(cè)的副翼向下移動(dòng)，那這樣會(huì)形成機(jī)翼升力的變化。使飛機(jī)在橫滾軸上進(jìn)行橫滾，這個(gè)橫滾會(huì)使飛機(jī)產(chǎn)生一個(gè)新的向心力，正是通過(guò)這個(gè)向心力形成坡度進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)彎。

NO.2

RUDDER：CONTROL THE DIRECTION OF THE PLANE

方向舵：控制飛行方向

How the rudder functions is similar to wings and ailerons. When the pilot pushes on rudder to the left, the control surface of the rudder will move to the left. An extra torque to the right will then be created. This torque can help with the movement of directions so that the plane will move to the left on the vertical axis.

方向舵的原理其實(shí)跟機(jī)翼一樣。飛行員向左蹬舵時(shí)，方向舵的舵面向左移動(dòng)，那么它會(huì)產(chǎn)生一個(gè)額外的向右的力矩，這個(gè)力矩可以幫助飛機(jī)方向的移動(dòng)，使飛機(jī)在方向軸上向左移動(dòng)。

NO.3

ELEVATOR：CONTROL PITCHING

升降舵：操縱俯仰和上下

Pilots can also control the elevator through the control column. Elevators on the tailplane control pitch. If you push the column forward, the elevators will drop downwards; so a lift will be formed at the tailplane, and the nose will dive.

飛行員通過(guò)操縱駕駛桿，還可聯(lián)動(dòng)升降舵。通過(guò)飛機(jī)尾部的升降舵可以實(shí)現(xiàn)俯仰和上下。向前推桿時(shí)，升降舵就會(huì)向下偏轉(zhuǎn)，在尾翼上形成一個(gè)向上的作用力，使飛機(jī)低頭。

What's more in the Cockpit?

駕駛艙還有什么？

The Electronic Display System, Fire Monitor System, Door Monitoring System, Pressurisation and Air Condition component system, Electrical System, Hydraulic Pressure System, as well as a series of systems which are closely related to flying are being monitored and controlled in the cockpit.

飛機(jī)的電子顯示系統(tǒng)、火警監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)、艙門(mén)監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)、增壓系統(tǒng)、空調(diào)組件系統(tǒng)、電氣系統(tǒng)、液壓系統(tǒng)以及一系列跟飛行密切相關(guān)的系統(tǒng)全部在駕駛艙內(nèi)進(jìn)行監(jiān)控和操縱。

Illustrated by Senior Captain: Liu Xiaolu

解說(shuō)者：南航資深機(jī)長(zhǎng) 劉小魯