□ 文/本刊記者 曾睿

今年上半年重慶對(duì)外貿(mào)易整體向好對(duì)歐美和“渝新歐”沿線區(qū)域貿(mào)易額增長(zhǎng)顯著

□ 文/本刊記者 曾睿

2017年7月初，重慶市上半年經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)行數(shù)據(jù)發(fā)布。在重慶自貿(mào)試驗(yàn)區(qū)掛牌成立等多項(xiàng)因素綜合影響下，重慶外貿(mào)在今年上半年表現(xiàn)不俗，據(jù)海關(guān)統(tǒng)計(jì)：今年上半年重慶實(shí)現(xiàn)進(jìn)出口總值2044.0億元，比上年同期增長(zhǎng)4.7%，增速止跌企穩(wěn)，較一季度提高7.8個(gè)百分點(diǎn)。重慶外貿(mào)整體明顯向好。

重慶外貿(mào)整體向好 外商投資和民企成主力軍

據(jù)海關(guān)統(tǒng)計(jì)，今年上半年重慶市共實(shí)現(xiàn)外貿(mào)進(jìn)出口2044億元，同比增長(zhǎng)4.7%，累計(jì)增幅較前5個(gè)月擴(kuò)大2.8%。其中，出口1314.2億元，進(jìn)口729.8億元。6月當(dāng)月進(jìn)出口399.4億元，同比增長(zhǎng)18.1%，環(huán)比增長(zhǎng)12.2%。今年上半年，重慶市加工貿(mào)易共實(shí)現(xiàn)進(jìn)出口914.3億元，增長(zhǎng)31.2%，進(jìn)一步推動(dòng)重慶市外貿(mào)進(jìn)出口的回穩(wěn)向好，加工貿(mào)易占同期外貿(mào)總值的44.9%，比重較去年同期提升9.1個(gè)百分點(diǎn)。同期，重慶市一般貿(mào)易實(shí)現(xiàn)進(jìn)出口878.2億元，占比43%。

記者注意到，今年上半年外商投資和民營(yíng)企業(yè)仍然是重慶對(duì)外貿(mào)易主力軍：在2017上半年，重慶市外商投資企業(yè)進(jìn)出口占比最高，達(dá)到了1202億元，同比增長(zhǎng)31.4%，占同期重慶市外貿(mào)總值的58.8%。同期，民營(yíng)企業(yè)進(jìn)出口555.9億元，占比27.2%；國(guó)有企業(yè)進(jìn)出口286億元，占比14%。

對(duì)歐美和“渝新歐”沿線地區(qū)貿(mào)易額增長(zhǎng)顯著

“渝新歐”中歐班列經(jīng)過(guò)的國(guó)家和地區(qū)在今年上半年對(duì)重慶外貿(mào)的貢獻(xiàn)顯著：2017年上半年，重慶市對(duì)整個(gè)歐盟地區(qū)總的進(jìn)出口額為383億元，增長(zhǎng)了14.2%；對(duì)“渝新歐”中歐班列最主要經(jīng)過(guò)的中東歐19國(guó)區(qū)域總的進(jìn)出口額高達(dá)41.2億元，增幅達(dá)21.7%。此外，在2017年上半年重慶市對(duì)美國(guó)進(jìn)出口額達(dá)到392.4億，增長(zhǎng)達(dá)17.8%。

由對(duì)外貿(mào)易增長(zhǎng)顯著帶動(dòng)，今年上半年重慶市各類開(kāi)放平臺(tái)優(yōu)勢(shì)疊加效應(yīng)明顯：上半年，重慶兩路寸灘保稅港區(qū)、重慶西永綜合保稅區(qū)、重慶鐵路保稅物流中心合計(jì)進(jìn)出口1140.2億元，增長(zhǎng)25.4%，遠(yuǎn)高于同期重慶市外貿(mào)增幅，拉動(dòng)重慶市外貿(mào)增長(zhǎng)11.8個(gè)百分點(diǎn)。

筆電引領(lǐng)出口 摩托整車出口創(chuàng)近5年新高

在主要進(jìn)出口商品方面，惠普、宏碁、華碩等企業(yè)在渝訂單不斷增長(zhǎng)，上半年重慶市筆電加工出口增勢(shì)良好，今年上半年出口筆記本電腦2268.6萬(wàn)臺(tái)，增加15.7%，高于同期全國(guó)筆電出口8.6%的增幅，占同期全國(guó)筆電出口總量的35.2%。同時(shí)，打印機(jī)、微型電腦、中央處理部件、液晶顯示器等加工出口量不同程度釋放，IT產(chǎn)業(yè)對(duì)重慶市外貿(mào)發(fā)展的支撐引領(lǐng)作用進(jìn)一步突出。今年上半年，重慶市交通運(yùn)輸設(shè)備制造業(yè)進(jìn)出口160.3億元，增長(zhǎng)11.8%；其中，出口111.5億元，增長(zhǎng)11.2%；進(jìn)口48.8億元，增長(zhǎng)13.3%。整車產(chǎn)品方面，摩托車、汽車分別出口166.4萬(wàn)輛、2.9萬(wàn)輛，分別增加5.2%、8.5%；汽車進(jìn)口2635輛，增加2.1倍。二季度，由于對(duì)墨西哥、阿根廷、菲律賓等市場(chǎng)出口快速增長(zhǎng)，重慶市摩托車整車出口創(chuàng)2012年以來(lái)的季度最高，出口100.9萬(wàn)輛，同比增加27.9%，環(huán)比增加53.8%。

Early July, 2017 witnessed the publishing of economic operation data of Chongqing in the fi rst half of this year. Under the in fl uence of many factors like the opening of Chongqing Pilot Free Trade Zone, Chongqing’s foreign trade performed well in the first half of 2017. According to the Custom's statistics, the gross value of imports and exports of Chongqing in the first half of this was 204.4 billion yuan, increased by 90 per cent from a year ago. The growth also has bottomed out and increased 7.8 per cent from the first quarter. All of which indicate that the whole foreign trade in Chongqing is on the up.

The whole foreign trade in Chongqing is on the up, which is mainly driven by foreign investment and private enterprises

According to the Custom's statistics, the gross value of imports and exports of Chongqing in the fi rst half of this was 204.4 billion yuan, increased by 4.7 per cent year-on-year and its accumulated growth rate rose 2.8 per cent compared with the fi rst fi ve months. Among which, exports amounted to 131.42 billion yuan, while imports to 72.98 billion yuan. The value of imports and exports in June reached 39.94 billion yuan, rose by 18.1 per cent compared with last year, 12.2 per cent month-on-month. The fi rst half of 2017, the total imports and exports of processing trade in Chongqing rose by 31.2 per cent, to 91.43 billion yuan, which further promotes the stabilization of imports and exports in Chongqing. Processing trade accounted for 44.9% of the total value of foreign trade in the same period, rose by 9.1 per cent compared with the last year. Over the same period, the imports and exports of general trade in Chongqing topped to 87.82 billion yuan, accounting for 43 per cent. Reporter noted that, Chongqing’s foreign trade was also mainly driven by foreign investment and private enterprises in the first half of this years. In the fi rst half of this year, Chongqing's foreign investment enterprises accounted for the highest proportion of imports and exports, reaching 120.2 billion yuan, an increase of 31.4 per cent year-on-year, accounting for 58.8 per cent of Chongqing's total foreign trade value. Over the same period, the total value of private enterprises’ imports and exports reached 55.59 billion yuan, accounting for 27.2 per cent; state-owned enterprises reached 28.6 billion yuan, accounting for 14 per cent.

A magnificent growth in volume of trade in Europe, America and areas along the Chongqing-Sinkiang-Europe International Railway

Countries and areas along the Chongqing-Sinkiang-Europe International Railway made great contribution to the foreign trade of Chongqing in the fi rst half of this year. In the fi rst half of 2017, the total import and export volume of Chongqing to the whole EU region increased 14.2 per cent, to 38.3 billion yuan; and to 19 countries in central and eastern Europe, major countries along the international railway, increased 21.7 per cent to 4.12 billion yuan. In addition, In the fi rst half of 2017, the total import and export volume of Chongqing to the United States increased 17.8 per cent, to 39.24 billion yuan.

Driven by the signi fi cant increase of foreign trade, in the fi rst half of 2017, the advantages of various types of open platforms in Chongqing were obviously superimposed. In the first half year, the total value of imports and exports in Lianglucuntan Bonded Port Area, Xiyong Comprehensive Bonded Area and Chongqing Railway Bonded Logistics Center increased 25.4 per cent, to 114.02 billion yuan, which is higher than the foreign trade growth of Chongqing in the same period and promotes foreign growth by 11.8 per cent.

Chongqing export was driven by laptop while motorcycle exports hit a new high in nearly 5 years

In terms of major import and export commodities, Chongqing received more orders from HP, Acer, ASUS and other enterprises. The processing and exporting of laptop in Chongqing showed a good momentum of growth in the fi rst half year. In the fi rst half of this year, Chongqing exported 22.686 million laptop computers, rose by 15.7 per cent, which was higher than the 8.6 per cent growth of national laptop export in the same period, accounting for 35.2 per cent of the country's total exports of laptop over the same period. At the same time, printers, microcomputers, central processing units, liquid crystal displays and other processing exports are expanded in varying degrees. The support and leading role of IT industry in Chongqing foreign trade development is further outstanding. In the fi rst half year, Chongqing’s import and export of transportation equipment manufacturing increased 11.8 per cent, to 16.3 billion yuan. Among which, export increased by 11.2 per cent, to 11.15 billion yuan while import by 13.3 per cent, to 4.88 billion yuan. In terms of vehicle products, the exports of motorcycle and car were respectively increased by 5.2 per cent and 8.5 per cent, to 1.664 million and 29 thousand. Car’s import tripled in the same period to 2635. In the second quarter, exports to markets like Mexico, Argentina and Philippines grew rapidly. Chongqing's motorcycle exports hit a record high since 2012, with the export volume of 1.009 million vehicles, rose by 27.9 per cent compared with the last year, 53.8 per cent month-on-month.

The Foreign Trade of Chongqing in the First Half of This Year is Good at Present with Signi fi cant Increase in Trade Volume in Europe, America and Areas along the Chongqing-Sinkiang-Europe International Railway

Article/Journalist Zeng Rui