重溫百姓大眾生活的歲月印記聚焦重慶建川博物館聚落群（下）

□ 文 圖/本刊記者 唐安冰

“重慶抗戰(zhàn)兵工舊址”“重慶建川博物館”，從九龍坡區(qū)鵝公巖立交橋上，遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)就可以看見聳立的抗日戰(zhàn)士雕像石碑，而博物館就位于立交橋下面的鵝公巖公園內(nèi)。這個(gè)利用抗戰(zhàn)時(shí)期兵工生產(chǎn)洞洞體作為館址設(shè)立的博物館聚落群，由兵工署第一工廠舊址博物館、抗戰(zhàn)文物博物館、兵器發(fā)展史博物館、票證生活博物館、中醫(yī)藥文化博物館、重慶故事博物館、中國(guó)囍文化博物館和民間祈福文化博物館等8個(gè)主題博物館構(gòu)成。展陳包括60余件國(guó)家一級(jí)文物在內(nèi)的各類文物藏品上萬件，主要包括抗戰(zhàn)、兵工、民俗、紅色年代等近現(xiàn)代史料、物品。

本期請(qǐng)跟隨攝影記者鏡頭，走進(jìn)票證生活博物館、中醫(yī)藥文化博物館、重慶故事博物館、中國(guó)囍文化博物館、民間祈福文化博物館等5個(gè)民俗類場(chǎng)館，通過博物館里展示的百姓吃、穿、住、用、行用品及生活細(xì)節(jié)文史資料，了解中國(guó)婚俗禮儀的變化和向民眾普及的科學(xué)文化知識(shí)。

重慶故事博物館里還原的老重慶百姓生活場(chǎng)景。

“The former Arsenal of Chongqing Anti-Japanese War” and“Chongqing Jianchuan Museum” are located in Jiulongpo District.From the Egongyan Overpass in Jiulongpo District, you can see the towering statues of anti-Japanese warriors afar and the museums are situated in the Egongyan Park below the overpass. This museum cluster built by the cave producing weapons during the Anti-Japanese War is composed of eight themed museums, including the first factory of The Bureau of Ordnance, the Museum of the Anti-Japanese War Relics, the Museum of Armoury Development History, the Museum of Tickets, the Museum of Chinese Medical Culture, the Museum of Chongqing Stories, the Museum of Chinese Wedding Culture and the Museum of Folk Prayer Culture. The exhibition contains more than tens of thousands of cultural relics counting 60 pieces of national-level ones in, including modern historical materials and articles about the Anti-Japanese War, weapons, folklore and red time.

Please now follow the lens of the journalist and appreciate such five folk museums as the Museum of Tickets, the Museum of Chinese Medical Culture, the Museum of Chongqing Stories, the Museum of Chinese Wedding Culture and the Museum of Folk Prayer Culture.We can understand the changes in Chinese marriage customs and etiquette as well as the scientific and cultural knowledge popularized to the public from the articles of daily use and the historical accounts about life details displayed in the museum.

票證生活博物館 The Museum of Tickets

通過展陳票證時(shí)代百姓吃、穿、住、用、行及生活細(xì)節(jié)，輔以各種票證實(shí)物，清晰勾勒出中國(guó)百姓的社會(huì)風(fēng)尚、生活習(xí)俗，形成幾代人求生存、謀幸福的歲月畫卷。

Through the exhibition of the articles of daily use and life details in the ticket age, supplemented by various tickets, we can clearly realize the social customs and life customs of Chinese ordinary people, forming a picture of the generations seeking survival and happiness.

① 票證生活博物館。

② 票證生活博物館百姓憑票購(gòu)買豬肉場(chǎng)景。

③ 搪瓷碗。

④ 中醫(yī)藥文化博物館。

⑤ 華佗為關(guān)羽刮骨療毒場(chǎng)景。

⑥ 中醫(yī)藥文化采集制作場(chǎng)景。

中醫(yī)藥文化博物館 The Museum of Chinese Medical Culture

通過中醫(yī)藥基本知識(shí)、常識(shí)內(nèi)容陳列，揭示中醫(yī)藥的奧秘，普及中醫(yī)藥知識(shí)，旨在宣傳提高人們對(duì)中醫(yī)藥的重視及中醫(yī)藥養(yǎng)生意識(shí)，推動(dòng)醫(yī)療保健水平的提高，促進(jìn)人們身心健康發(fā)展。

Through the display of the basic knowledge of traditional Chinese medicines,the mystery of traditional Chinese medicine is revealed and the knowledge of Chinese medicine is popularized. The aim is to promote people's attention to traditional Chinese medicine and the health awareness using traditional Chinese medicine, drive the improvement of medical care and facilitate the healthy development of people's mind and body.

⑦ 重慶故事博物館入口。

⑧ 還原的老重慶裁縫鋪。

⑨ 歷史名人展廳。

重慶故事博物館 The Museum of Chongqing Stories

展覽以民間記憶為視角，擇其歷史片斷、重要人物、地域文化，系統(tǒng)展示了以纖夫號(hào)子、碼頭飲食、碼頭言子代表的重慶民俗文化，展現(xiàn)了重慶社會(huì)各方面的發(fā)展和進(jìn)步。

From the perspective of folk memory, the exhibition systematically displays the Chongqing folk culture represented by the work songs of boat trackers, the dock food and the dock dialect as well as shows the development and progress of all aspects of Chongqing society by selecting historical fragments, important figures and regional cultures.

⑩“囍”荷包。

?當(dāng)年的結(jié)婚照。

?“壓箱底”婚俗場(chǎng)景。

中國(guó)囍文化博物館 The Museum of Chinese Wedding Culture

圍繞婚俗禮儀、結(jié)婚證照、婚嫁用品等“囍”文化，從民俗角度展示中國(guó)婚俗禮儀的變化，傳達(dá)喜氣，帶出“愿天下有情人終成眷屬，白頭到老”的社會(huì)正能量。

Focusing on the wedding culture of marriage customs and etiquette, marriage license and wedding supplies, the museum displays the changes in Chinese marriage customs and etiquette and conveys the joy from the perspective of folklore, bringing out the positive energy of “ forever love”.

?民間祈福文化博物館。

?石雕神像。

?展品豐富多樣。

民間祈福文化博物館 The Museum of Folk Prayer Culture

還原幾千年來由于受到生產(chǎn)力和科技水平的制約，民間把信仰寄托在神仙人物身上，把祈福消災(zāi)寄托于神仙佑護(hù)的歷史過程。通過展陳，讓民眾對(duì)民間祈福消災(zāi)的傳統(tǒng)習(xí)俗有一個(gè)初步的了解和認(rèn)識(shí)，同時(shí)向民眾普及科學(xué)文化知識(shí)。

The museum restores the historical process of people pinning their faith and the wish of praying good fortunes and removing ill ones on the gods due to the constraints of productivity and technology for thousands of years. Through the exhibition, the people have a preliminary understanding about the traditional customs of folk blessing and disaster removal and at the same time more scientific and cultural knowledge are promoted and spreaded to the public.