文化交流和社交禮儀的話題寫作

江西安遠縣第一中學 蔡新發(fā)

核心感知·素養(yǎng)解讀

“文化交流與社會禮儀”是高中英語課程標準中的重要話題之一，也是高考熱點話題之一。其內(nèi)容包括東西方文化交流、文化習俗、藝術等的傳播、東西方社會禮儀的差別等方面。通過對本話題的學習與高考英語的考查，了解東西方以及不同民族之間的文化交流，掌握一定的社會禮儀知識，為將來走向社會打下基礎。從體裁上看，考試形式主要有記敘文、議論文、應用文，其中應用文包括書信、日記、通知、演講稿等。

寫作過程中考生陳述的事實要客觀合理，符合語言的發(fā)展特征和發(fā)展規(guī)律?？忌惨⒁獗磉_自己對傳統(tǒng)文化、傳統(tǒng)思想價值體系的認同與尊崇及展現(xiàn)自己對中華民族的文化自信。

素材積累·語庫構建

常用詞匯

heritage n.遺產(chǎn)；繼承物

symbol n.象征；標志；符號

culture n.文化；文明

history n.歷史

language n.語言

ancient adj.古代的

anniversary n.周年紀念日

belief n.信仰；信念

ceremony n.典禮；儀式；禮節(jié)

custom n.習慣；習俗；風俗

monument n.紀念碑；紀念館

remind v.提醒；使記起

temple n.廟宇；寺廟

separate v.使分開；使分離 adj.單獨的；分開的

fascinating adj.魅力無窮的

cautious adj.小心翼翼的；謹慎的

chief adj.主要的；首要的

cooperation n.合作

casual adj.漫不經(jīng)心的；不經(jīng)意的

occasion n.場合；機會

appearance n.儀表；外表

gesture n.姿態(tài)；手勢

formal adj.正式的

manner n.方式；態(tài)度；舉止

rank n.頭銜；軍銜

address n.地址；vt.發(fā)表演說

imagination n.想象力

status n.地位；身份

title n.標題；頭銜

conversation n.談話；交談

behave v.使守規(guī)矩；行為；表現(xiàn)

behaviour n.行為；舉止

respond v.回答；回應；做出反應

embarrass v.使窘迫；使尷尬

awkward adj.令人尷尬的；使人難堪的

impolite adj.不禮貌的

social adj.社會的；社交的

punctual adj.準時的

opportunity n.機會

常用短語

cultural exchange文化交流

cultural background文化背景

cultural shock文化沖擊

multicultural society多元文化社會

cultural diversity文化多樣性

cultural relics文化遺跡；文物

local culture本土文化

mass culture大眾文化

traditional culture傳統(tǒng)文化

mainstream culture主流文化

traditional values傳統(tǒng)價值觀

spiritual civilization精神文明

Peking Opera京劇

local customs and practices風土人情

historical sites歷史遺址

body language肢體語言

facial expression面部表情

eye contact眼神交流

put up with忍受

have a great effect on對……有很大的影響

turn up出現(xiàn)；到達；來到

make an appointment with sb與某人約會

make an impression on給……留下印象

turn down拒絕

face to face面對面

spread Chinese culture傳播中國文化

follow a custom遵循習俗

date back to/date from追溯到

come into being形成；產(chǎn)生；出現(xiàn)

attend a ceremony出席儀式

put forward提出

arouse one's enthusiasm for激發(fā)對……的熱情

in memory of為了紀念……

in honor of為了紀念……；慶?！?/p>

pass down from generation to generation一代一

代傳下去

contribute to the economic and cultural

development促進經(jīng)濟文化的發(fā)展

have a better understanding of對……有更好的

理解

experience diverse Chinese culture體驗多元的

中國文化

make a brief introduction to對……做簡單介紹

remove prejudice and misunderstanding消除偏見和誤解

常用句式

1.As an exchange student,having a good knowledge of traditionalChinese culture is beneficial to your living and studying here.作為交換生，了解中國的傳統(tǒng)文化有助于你的學習和生活。

2.I am delighted to hear that you will come to our school as an exchange student next term.得知你下學期作為交換生到我校學習我非常高興。

3.The contest was held in the school gym from March 20 to March 23,aiming to arouse our enthusiasm for the traditional Chinese culture.比賽從3月20日到23日在我校體育館舉行，目的是激發(fā)人們對中國傳統(tǒng)文化的熱情。

4.Knowing that you are interested in the Ancient Poetry Recitation Contest which was organized by our school,I am very pleased to tell you more details about it.得知你對我校舉辦的古詩詞朗誦大賽感興趣，我非常高興告訴你詳細情況。

5.There is no doubt that it will have a great effect on all the relevant countries and contribute to the economic and cultural development of the world.毫無疑問這將對所有相關國家產(chǎn)生很大影響，并促進世界的經(jīng)濟和文化的發(fā)展。

6.I'm writing to invite you to the Traditional Chinese Culture Fair to be held by our school at the Art Center this Friday afternoon,from 2 pm to 5 pm.我寫信邀請你參加本周五下午2點到5點在我校藝術中心舉辦的中國傳統(tǒng)文化展。

7.Our school will hold an activity whose theme is “Foreigners Tell Chinese Stories” next week.下周，我們學校將舉辦一場主題為“外國人講中國故事”的活動。

8.It is different kinds of foods and snacks that give you the chance to experience abundant Chinese food culture.各種各樣的食物和小吃讓你有機會體驗中國豐富多樣的飲食文化。

9.I attach great importance to English study outside the classroom and I often turn to the website EnjoyReading for help,where I read a greatnumberofarticlesaboutEnglish and Western culture.我非常重視課堂以外的英語學習，經(jīng)常求助EnjoyReading網(wǎng)站，在這個網(wǎng)站上我閱讀了大量關于英語和西方文化的文章。

10.What strikes me most is that British middle schools attach great importance to students'ability of practice.最讓我印象深刻的是英國中學對學生的實踐能力非常重視。

經(jīng)典語段

1.Paper-cutting is a traditional art form in China,which has a history of more than 1,500 years.People often beautify their home with paper-cutting during festivals and weddings.In this exhibition,you can see paper-cutting with all kinds of patterns.In addition,there are famous artists who will perform how to cut paper on the spot.I wish that you could grasp this opportunity to learn traditional Chinese culture further.剪紙是中國的一種傳統(tǒng)藝術形式，擁有1，500多年的歷史。在節(jié)日和婚慶時，人們經(jīng)常用剪紙來裝飾自己的家。在這次展覽中，你可以看到各種各樣的剪紙圖案。另外，一些著名剪紙藝術家將現(xiàn)場表演如何剪紙。我希望你能抓住這個機會進一步學習中國的傳統(tǒng)文化。

2.A Chinese Poetry Contest was successfully held in our school today.The contest,which aimed to encourage students to know more about traditional Chinese poetry culture,attracted almost all the students and teachers in the school.Twenty students from different classes competed with each other.Their performances,including reading poems aloud and reciting poems from memory,deeply impressed the audience present.It was obvious that all of them had made good preparations for the contest. Finally, the headmaster awarded prizes to the winners.今天，我校成功舉辦了中國詩詞大賽。大賽的目的是鼓勵學生深入了解中國的傳統(tǒng)詩詞文化，這次比賽吸引了學校全體師生。二十個選手激烈角逐。他們朗讀和背誦詩詞等出色表現(xiàn)給現(xiàn)場觀眾留下了深刻的印象。很明顯選手們做了充足的準備。最后，校長為獲獎者頒獎。

典題鏈接·語篇速成

（2018·全國乙卷）假定你是李華，你的新西蘭朋友Terry將去中國朋友家做客，發(fā)郵件向你詢問有關習俗。請你回復郵件，內(nèi)容包括：

1.到達時間；

2.合適的禮物；3.餐桌禮儀。

注意：

1.詞數(shù)100左右；

2.可以適當增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫。

內(nèi)容分析

本文是一封電子郵件，與英語書信的格式基本相同。根據(jù)寫作提示，考生應用英語給新西蘭朋友Terry回復一封電子郵件，給他介紹到中國朋友家做客的社交禮儀和餐桌禮儀。寫作內(nèi)容主要包括三個方面：第一，告訴對方到達朋友家的時間；第二，建議他帶上合適的禮物；第三，簡單介紹一下中國的餐桌禮儀。

這封郵件由三段組成：第一段陳述寫信的背景和寫信的目的；第二段陳述寫作提示中的三個要點；最后一段為結束語。

實用短語與句式

invite sb to dinner邀請某人吃飯

arrive on time準時到達

a bunch of flowers一束花

experience Chinese culture體驗中國文化

I'm delighted to know that...知道你……我非常高興。

【參考范文】

Dear Terry,

I am delighted to know you are invited to a dinner party by our Chinese friend.It is really a good opportunity to experience Chinese culture.Now I'd like to offer you some advice.

First of all,you'd better arrive on time because it is polite to be punctual in China.Second,it is a good idea to bring a small gift,such as a bunch of flowers or a box of chocolates if they have young children.Most importantly,the elderly are usually the first to taste the food served on the table because they are well respected in China.Don't forget to praise your friend for the delicious foods he offers.

I hope you will have a great time.Yours,Li Hua

主題實踐·語用檢測

假定你是李華，你的英國朋友Henry準備在你家過春節(jié)，他想了解中國的傳統(tǒng)習俗——發(fā)壓歲錢?，F(xiàn)請你給他寫一封電子郵件，內(nèi)容包括：

1.習俗介紹；

2.親身經(jīng)歷；

3.表達期待。

注意：

1.詞數(shù)100左右；

2.可以適當增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫。

寫作導引

Ⅰ.審題謀篇

1.體裁：本文為一篇________________；

2.時態(tài)：本文時態(tài)以________________和________________為主；

3.人稱：本文人稱為________________和________________。

Ⅱ.素材提煉________________

1.體驗春節(jié)________________

2.發(fā)壓歲錢________________

3.祝愿好運氣________________

4.代表某人的喜愛________________

5.充分利用錢________________

6.期待；期盼________________

Ⅲ.核心要點

1.我非常高興聽到你將和我一起過春節(jié)的消息。

I'm very glad to hear that you're going to________________________________.

2.人們經(jīng)常在除夕之夜家人一起吃年夜飯時發(fā)壓歲錢。

People always give lucky money on the eve of the Lunar New Year________________for a family reunion dinner.

3.年夜飯后，長輩們給孩子發(fā)紅包，祝愿他們身體健康并好運連連。

After the family reunion dinner,the elders will give lucky money to children,________________________________.

4.盡管紅包里不是很多錢，但它代表對我的愛。

________________,it represents their affection for me.

5.我保證自己用好這些錢并做一些有意義的事。

I promise I________________and do something meaningful.

6.我期盼你的到來并希望你玩得開心。

I'm________________and I hope you'll have a good time.

Ⅳ.牛刀小試

Ⅴ.語言升級

1.Giving money happens on the eve of the Lunar New Year,and at that time the whole family eats together.（用定語從句改寫）

Giving money usually falls on the eve of the Lunar New Year________________for a family reunion dinner.

2.After that,the old people will give lucky money to their children,and wish them good luck and health.（用非謂語動詞改寫）

After that,the elders will give lucky money to children,________________.

Ⅵ.高階作文