高樂 王曉亞 王相 王鑫國 李軍山 牛麗穎
摘要:目的? 制備槐花飲片標(biāo)準(zhǔn)湯劑,并建立質(zhì)量控制方法。方法? 制備15批槐花飲片標(biāo)準(zhǔn)湯劑,以總黃酮和蘆丁為檢測指標(biāo),計(jì)算出膏率、指標(biāo)成分含量和轉(zhuǎn)移率,并建立超高液相色譜(UPLC)特征圖譜,采用《中藥色譜指紋圖譜相似度評(píng)價(jià)系統(tǒng)(2012版)》軟件進(jìn)行分析和相似度評(píng)價(jià)。結(jié)果? 15批槐花飲片標(biāo)準(zhǔn)湯劑出膏率為28.7%~39.7%;總黃酮含量為158.07~210.55 mg/g,轉(zhuǎn)移率為49.46%~73.19%;蘆丁含量為105.26~127.35 mg/g,轉(zhuǎn)移率為41.30%~75.67%。15批槐花飲片標(biāo)準(zhǔn)湯劑UPLC特征圖譜標(biāo)定了9個(gè)共有峰,并指認(rèn)蘆丁1個(gè)色譜峰,通過與對照圖譜比對,相似度均高于0.99。結(jié)論? 本研究建立了槐花飲片標(biāo)準(zhǔn)湯劑的質(zhì)量評(píng)價(jià)方法,且準(zhǔn)確、穩(wěn)定、重復(fù)性良好,可為槐花配方顆粒的質(zhì)量控制提供參考。
關(guān)鍵詞:槐花飲片;標(biāo)準(zhǔn)湯劑;配方顆粒;特征圖譜;蘆丁
中圖分類號(hào):R284.1??? 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼:A??? 文章編號(hào):1005-5304(2019)06-0086-06
Abstract: Objective To prepare standard decoction of Sophorae Flos decoction pieces; To establish the method of quality control. Methods Fifteen batches of standard decoction of Sophorae Flos decoction pieces were prepared. With total favonoids and rutin as the detection index, the extraction rate, content and transfer rate of index components were calculated and the UPLC characteristic chromatograms was established. Similarity Evaluation System for Chromatographic Fingerprint of TCM (2012) was used to analyze and compare the characteristic chromatograms. Results The extractum rate of 15 batches of Sophorae Flos decoction pieces was at the range of 28.7%–39.7%; the content of total favonoids ranged from 158.07 mg/g to 210.55 mg/g and transfer rate ranged from 49.46% to 73.19%; the content of rutin ranged from 105.26 mg/g to 127.35 mg/g and transfer rate ranged from 41.30% to 75.67%. UPLC characteristic chromatograms of 15 batches of standard decoction marked nine common chrmatographic peaks and identified one chromatographic peak of rutin. The similarity was higher than 0.99 by comparison with the control map. Conclusion The quality control method of Sophorae Flos decoction pieces was established. The method is accurate, stable and with good repeatability, which can provide a reference for the quality control of formula granules of Sophorae Flos.
Keywords: Sophorae Flos decoction pieces; standard decoction; formula granules; characteristic chromatogram; rutin
蕾及花?;被ㄊ驾d于《日華子諸家本草》:“治五痔,心痛,眼赤,殺腹臟蟲及熱,治皮膚風(fēng),及腸風(fēng)瀉血,赤白痢?!薄夺t(yī)學(xué)啟源》謂其“涼大腸熱”,《本草綱目》載:“炒香頻嚼,治失音及喉痹,又療吐血、衄、崩中漏下?!被被ㄐ晕⒑犊?,歸肝、大腸經(jīng),具有涼血止血、清肝瀉火功效,用于治療便血、痔血、血痢、崩漏、吐血、衄血、肝熱目赤、頭痛眩暈[1-2]?;被ǖ幕瘜W(xué)成分主要包括黃酮及皂苷類,其中黃酮類是主要藥效成分,以蘆丁含量較高[3-4]。藥理學(xué)研究表明,槐花水浸劑能顯著縮短出血和凝血時(shí)間,制炭后其凝血作用增強(qiáng),煎液具有減少心肌耗氧量、保護(hù)心功能的作用;其主要成分蘆丁對大腸埃希氏桿菌、金黃色葡萄球菌、水皰性口炎病毒有明顯抑制作用,還能降低毛細(xì)血管的異常通透性、脆性,可用于高血壓、腦溢血、出血的治療和預(yù)防,能維持血管抵抗力等,還可使蟾蜍下肢及兔耳血管收縮[5-7]。
隨著社會(huì)的發(fā)展,配方顆粒及破壁飲片等多種中藥飲片應(yīng)用形式應(yīng)運(yùn)而生并廣泛應(yīng)用于臨床,同時(shí)也存在質(zhì)量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)不明確和劑量不統(tǒng)一等問題。原國家食品藥品監(jiān)督管理總局為了規(guī)范配方顆粒的管理,起草了《中藥配方顆粒管理辦法(征求意見稿)》[8],國家藥典委員會(huì)隨后發(fā)布了《中藥配方顆粒質(zhì)量控制與標(biāo)準(zhǔn)制定技術(shù)要求(征求意見稿)》[9],并提出標(biāo)準(zhǔn)湯劑一詞,規(guī)定中藥配方顆粒的所有藥學(xué)研究均應(yīng)與標(biāo)準(zhǔn)湯劑進(jìn)行比對,保證兩者質(zhì)量一致性。標(biāo)準(zhǔn)湯劑的制備遵循傳統(tǒng)湯劑的煎煮原則,對工藝流程要求規(guī)范化和標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化,保證臨床用藥的準(zhǔn)確性[10]。中藥飲片標(biāo)準(zhǔn)湯劑失去了原有的飲片形態(tài),僅靠指標(biāo)成分的定性和定量測定難以保證其質(zhì)量,以特征圖譜為主的整體質(zhì)量控制方法越來越受到重視。本研究采用15批槐花飲片制備標(biāo)準(zhǔn)湯劑,考察總黃酮和蘆丁的含量、轉(zhuǎn)移率及出膏率的范圍,建立槐花標(biāo)準(zhǔn)湯劑超高液相色譜(UPLC)特征圖譜,為槐花配方顆粒及源于槐花水煎液的制劑質(zhì)量控制提供參考。