陶陶編譯
2019-02-01
封面圖展示的是位于斯洛伐克布拉迪斯拉發(fā)的斯洛伐克理工大學化學與食品技術學院門前矗立著的由卡洛·拉科創(chuàng)作的德米特里·門捷列夫的雕塑和他的元素周期表柱。從圖中可以看到,這些柱從雕塑的頭部向外輻射展開。2019年是門捷列夫首次發(fā)表這一有關化學元素的組織原則與預測工具表150周年。
This sculpture by KarolLacko of Dmitri Mendeleev andthe columns of his periodictable, radiating outward fromhis head, stands in front ofthe Faculty of Chemical andFood Technology of the SlovakUniversity of Technology inBratislava, Slovakia. This yearmarks the 150th anniversary ofMendeleev's initial publication ofthe table as organizing principleand predictive tool.
2019-02-08
數(shù)千年來,安第斯山脈的農(nóng)民種植著各種各樣色彩繽紛的當?shù)靥禺a(chǎn)馬鈴薯,如封面圖中展示的“母獅”“蒂尼卡”和“塔曼娜”等品種。地方品種和野生物種擁有的遺傳多樣性,有可能是開發(fā)新的馬鈴薯品種的關鍵,這也是幫助農(nóng)民適應氣候變化及其他挑戰(zhàn)所必需的。
For thousands of years,Andean farmers have cultivatedcolorful landraces of domesticatedpotatoes, such as lioness, tunica,and tarmena shown in thisarrangement. Landraces and wildspecies hold genetic diversity thatcould be key to developing newpotato varieties, which are neededto help farmers adapt to climatechange and other challenges.
2019-02-15
封面圖展示的是在冬雪中的一只北美野兔,它們會從棕色的皮毛蛻換成白色的皮毛,從而在積雪覆蓋的環(huán)境中保持偽裝。在一些動物物種中已經(jīng)進化出了這種季節(jié)性的適應能力,但隨著積雪持續(xù)時間的減少,這可能會導致偽裝的不匹配性。關注生態(tài)和進化基因組學的高登研究會議將于2019年7月14—19日在美國新罕布什爾州舉行。
In winter, snowshoe hares(Lepus americanus) molt frornbrown to white coats to maintaincamouflage in snow-coveredenvironments. This seasonaladaptation has evolved in severalanimal species and can result incamouflage mismatch as snowduration decreases. The GordonResearch Conference on Ecologicaland Evolutionary Genomics willbe held from 14 to 19 July 2019in Manchester, New Hampshire.
2019-02-22
封面上描繪的是在絕對零度以上僅僅幾十億分之一度的溫度下產(chǎn)生的分子,表現(xiàn)出奇異的量子性質(zhì)。鉀-銣分子的經(jīng)典氣體具有化學反應性(圖中上半部分);當氣體被冷卻到低溫時,集合量子效應會控制分子的運動和碰撞,抑制反應性,并能夠使穩(wěn)定的簡并分子氣體形成(圖中下半部分)。
Molecules produced at justa few billionths of a degreeabove absolute zero displayexotic quantum properties.A classical gas of potassium-rubidium molecules is chemicallyreactive (top); when the gaslS cooled to low temperatures,collective quantum effects governhow molecules move and collide,suppressing reactivity and enablingformation of a stable, degeneratemolecular gas (bottom).