Module 1?Basketball

本模塊知識網(wǎng)絡(luò)

defend ? v.

hold ? v.

attend ? v.

deserve ? v.

rely ? v.

absorb ? v.

bound ? v.

accelerate ? v.

appoint ? v.

obtain ? v.

dip ? v.

commit ? v.

howl ? v.

bleed ? v.

confirm ? v.

apologise ? v.

sniff ? v.

weep ? v.

star ? n.

forward ? n.

guard ? n.

referee ? n.

court ? n.

association ? n.

league ? n.

title ? n.

centre ? n.

average ? n.

motivation ? n.

tie ? n.

steak ? n.

generation ? n.

popularity ? n.

half ? n.

coach ? n.

quarter ? n.

nature ? n.

hit ? n.

boxing ? n.

angle ? n.

collision ? n.

sock ? n.

sneaker ? n.

vest ? n.

bounce ? n.

tournament ? n.

interval ? n.

belly ? n.

circuit ? n.

boundary ? n.

suspension ? n.

cheek ? n.

pulse ? n.

bandage ? n.

blanket ? n.

ambulance ? n.

teamwork ? n.

scar ? n.

gymnasium ? n.

pole ? n.

basis ? n.

version ? n.

talented ? adj.

valued ? adj.

awesome ? adj.

various ? adj.

entire ? adj.

immediate ? adj.

outstanding ? adj.

selfish ? adj.

instant ? adj.

nationwide ? adj.

parallel ? adj.

adequate ? adj.

abrupt ? adj.

typical ? adj.

slim ? adj.

stout ? adj.

controversial ? adj.

dizzy ? adj.

considerate ? adj.

live ? adv.

aside ? adv.

in the history of

grow up

with an average of

Theres no doubt that...

all the time

if necessary

be rude to

be used to （sth）

draw sbs attention to

take possession of

be based on

1. defend ? v. ? 防守，防御，保衛(wèi);辯解

Troops have been sent to defend the borders.

部隊(duì)已被派出守衛(wèi)邊疆。

How can you defend such behavior？

你怎能為這種行為辯解呢？

搭配：

defend sb/sth against sb/sth ? 抵御……;為……申辯

All officers are trained to defend themselves against knife attacks.

所有警察都接受過防御訓(xùn)練以對付持刀襲擊。

defence ? n. ? 保衛(wèi)，防御;辯護(hù)，防守

At least， for that， his defence team should be grateful.

至少對于這一點(diǎn)，他的辯護(hù)團(tuán)應(yīng)心存感激。

2. attend ? v. ? 上（學(xué)）;出席，參加;照料

She is so sick that she cant attend a class.

她病得太嚴(yán)重而不能上課。

It is necessary for you to attend the meeting.

你有必要參加這次會議。

She was constantly attended by her sister.

她經(jīng)常由她姐姐照料著。

attend on/upon ? 伺候，照料

attend to sb/sth ? 處理;照料;注意（聽）

I have some urgent business to attend to.

我有一些急事要處理。

3. various ? adj. ? 各種各樣的，各種不同的;若干

There are various ways of doing this work.

做這一工作的方法有很多種。

Various people said theyd seen the accident.

很多人說他們目睹了這次車禍。

variety ? n. ? 各式各樣的事物;變化，多樣化;種類，品種

Everyone arrived late at the party for a variety of reasons.

參加聚會的人因?yàn)榉N種原因而遲到。

4. immediate ? adj. ? 立刻的，即刻的;直接的

This work demands your immediate attention.

這項(xiàng)工作需要你立即引起重視。

The immediate cause of the fire is unknown.

造成火災(zāi)的直接原因不明。

immediately ? adv. ? 立即地，馬上

conj. ? 一……就……

I came immediately after I had eaten.

我一吃完飯就過來了。

5. deserve ? v. ? 應(yīng)得，值得;值得受到（獎賞或懲罰）

You deserve a good rest after all that hard work.

辛苦這么久，你該好好休息下了。

If the little boy really lied， he deserved punishment.

如果那個小男孩真的撒謊了，那他應(yīng)該受到懲罰。

搭配：

（sb） deserve to do（某人）應(yīng)做（某事）

Everyone deserves to have a chance in life.

每個人在人生當(dāng)中都應(yīng)得一次機(jī)會。

6. rely ? v. ? 信任，信賴;依賴，依靠

You can rely on me to keep your secret.

你可以相信我會替你保守秘密。

These days people rely heavily on computers to finish work.

現(xiàn)今，人們很大程度上依賴電腦完成工作。

Rely on me/my doing it.

放心好了，我會做那件事。

7. appoint ? v. ? 任命，委派;安排，確定（時間、地點(diǎn)）

They appointed him as captain of the England team.

他們?nèi)蚊麨橛⒏裉m隊(duì)隊(duì)長。

A date for the meeting is still to be appointed.

會議日期尚待確定。

appointment ? n. ? 預(yù)約;約會;任命

The director wont see you unless you have an appointment.

除非事先預(yù)約，否則導(dǎo)演不會見你。

8. commit ? v. ? 犯（錯誤，罪行）;做出保證，承諾

Most teenagers commit crimes because they lack parental control.

大多數(shù)青少年犯罪是由于缺少父母監(jiān)管。

The manager has refused to commit himself on this matter.

那位經(jīng)理拒絕就此問題做出承諾。

commitment ? n. ? 承諾，諾言;忠誠，支持

Our company has a commitment to quality and customer service.

我們公司對質(zhì)量和客戶服務(wù)做出承諾。

9. confirm ? v.（尤指通過提供更多證據(jù)）證實(shí)，進(jìn)一步確

定;批準(zhǔn)，確認(rèn)

The expression on her face confirmed our worst fears.

她臉上的表情證明我們最擔(dān)心的事情發(fā)生了。

10. There is no doubt that... ? 毫無疑問……

There is no doubt that we did the right thing.

毫無疑問我們做對了。

There is no doubt that she will call us when she gets there.

她到達(dá)那兒的時候必定會給我們打電話。

（1） There is no possibility that... ? 沒有……的可能性

There is no possibility that she will be lost.

她不可能會迷路。

（2） It is no wonder that... ? 難怪……

It is no wonder that youve got a headache when you drank so much last night.

昨晚你喝了那么多酒，難怪你頭痛。

11. if necessary ? 如果有必要的話

If necessary （= If it is necessary）， you can use my car.

必要的話，你可以用我的車。

You may refer the matter to him if necessary （= if it is necessary）.

必要的話，你可以把這件事委托給他。

“if+形容詞”是“if （it is/was） + 形容詞”省略it is/was的形式;if necessary為if it is necessary的省略句形式。if后還可跟possible，ready等。

If possible （= If it is possible）， let me know beforehand.

如果可能，事先讓我知道。

Send the goods now if ready （= if it is ready）.

貨物如已備好，請立即送來。

12. be used to （sth/doing sth） ? 習(xí)慣于（某事/做某事）

We are used to the noise from the traffic now.

現(xiàn)在我們已經(jīng)適應(yīng)車輛往來的噪音了。

I found the job tiring at first but soon I was used to it.

起初我覺得這份工作很辛苦，但很快就習(xí)慣了。

辨析：比較be used to和used to

be used to sth/doing sth指某人習(xí)慣、適應(yīng)于某事/做某事，可與get used to sth/doing sth互換。

Im not used to eating so much at lunch time.

我不習(xí)慣午飯吃那么多。

used to指過去常常做某事而現(xiàn)在不再做某事。

I used to smoke， but I gave up a couple of years ago.

我以前要抽煙，但兩年前戒掉了。

13. draw sbs attention to ? 引起某人注意（某事物）

The teacher tries to draw students attention to what she is saying.

老師想把學(xué)生的注意力引到她所講的內(nèi)容上。

pay attention to ? 注意……，留心……

You must pay attention to the teacher.

你必須專心聽老師講課。

The music was on but I wasnt paying much attention to it.

音樂響起，但是我沒怎么注意聽。

14. take possession of ? 占有，占據(jù)，擁有

You cant take possession of the house until all the papers have been signed.

所有的文件簽字以后你才能擁有這套房子。

（1） possess ? v. ? 擁有，占有;支配

The police asked me if I possessed the car.

警察問這輛車是不是我的。

（2） in possession of =own ? 擁有，占有

He is in possession of a large estate in the country.

他在鄉(xiāng)下?lián)碛幸淮髩K地產(chǎn)。

（3） in sbs possession ? 為某人所有

The house has been in the familys possession since the 1500s.

這所房子自16世紀(jì)以來一直為這個家族所有。

15. be based on ? 根據(jù)，以……為基礎(chǔ)

The report is based on different figures from six European cities.

報告是根據(jù)來自歐洲六個城市的不同數(shù)據(jù)完成的。

Friendship should be based on mutual respect.

友誼應(yīng)建立在對彼此的尊重之上。

base ? n. ? 底部，根基，基礎(chǔ);總部，基地

v. ? 以……為基礎(chǔ);以……為基地

Many languages have Latin as their base.

許多語言都以拉丁語為基礎(chǔ)。

Our companys base is in London， but we have branches all over the world.

我們公司的總部在倫敦，但是我們在世界各地都設(shè)有分公司。

Who Discovered America？

Teacher： Pappu， go to the map and find North America.

Pappu： Here it is！

Teacher： Correct. Now， class， who discovered America？

Class： Pappu！

跟蹤導(dǎo)練（一）

閱讀理解

A

A T-shirt has become one of the most popular items sold by online trader Amazon in the past few weeks. Sales of the Three Wolf Moon T-shirt shot up 2，300% after an increase of ironic （諷刺性的） comments went up.

The first review gave the shirt five stars， saying “It fits my fat body， has wolves on it， attracts girls” but “cannot see wolves with arms crossed”. That caused hundreds of others to post foolish reviews， turning the page into an Internet attraction.

“When I put this T-shirt on for the first time， my wife left me！ Thank you， Three Wolf Moon T-shirt！” wrote one man， while another said， “The Three Wolf Moon T-shirt gave me a ten-plus resistance to energy attacks， eight-plus strength. And I have successfully solved 7 crimes in my city.”

Amazons senior manager of community content， Russell Dicker， said the T-shirt was currently the top selling item in their clothing store. “The Three Wolf Moon T-shirt recently moved up 2，300% in sales rank，” he said. “We are grateful that our reviewers are so passionate.”

However， the firm which actually made the T-shirt appeared less than pleased at some of the comments. “The Mountain is a wholesale （批發(fā)的） company and does not sell shirts on Amazon. These comments werent acceptable in some way until the shirt made the Mountain Three Wolf Moon T-shirt company into the top 10 in the Amazon clothing part，” they said in a posting on the Amazon site. “We appreciate buyers humor， but we dont agree on some of the remarks.”

However， the firms art director Michael McGloin said the firm was actually rather pleased with the publicity. “Well take ironic fashion someday and were printing another 400，000 more T-shirts， and its just a wonderful thing，” he said.

1. What brought about the increase of the sale of the T-shirt？

A. The low price. B. The quality of it.

C. The special style. D. The humorous reviews.

2. What is probably the second man mentioned in Paragraph 3？

A. A policeman. B. A salesman.

C. An athlete. D. An official.

3. Talking about The Mountain， the firm that made the T-shirt ___ .

A. was to compete with it

B. decided to force it to sell more

C. was not satisfied with it at first

D. thought it should make greater progress

4. What can we infer from the words of Michael McGloin？

A. He is proud. B. He is honest.

C. He is hopeful. D. He is hard-working.

B

What I saw was a great opportunity to provide computing technology in a more efficient way. I started the business with a simple question： how can we make the process of buying a computer better？ The answer was： sell the computer directly to the end customers.

Sometimes its better not to ask or to listen when people tell you something cant be done. I didnt ask for permission. I just went ahead and did it.

On January 2， 1990， I went back to Austin before I had to attend classes， and I did all the things one needed to do to set up a business. I registered the company with the State of Texas as “PCs Limited”. I placed ads in the classified section in our local newspaper.

Through my previous contracts with customers and the small ads I placed in the paper， I was already getting a lot of business. I was selling upgraded personal computers， and add-on computer components between $50，000 and $80，000 to people in Austin area. Not long after starting the classes I was able to move from the room that I shared with a roommate to an apartment with high ceilings and two bedrooms. I didnt， however， tell my parents for a few months that I moved.

In early May， about a week before I took my final exam to complete my freshman year， I set up the company as “Dell Computer Corporation”， doing business as “PCs Limited”. I hired a few people to take orders over telephone and a few more to fulfill them.

Not going to college is not an acceptable option in my hometown. Persuading my parents to allow me to leave school would have been impossible. So I just went ahead and did it， whatever the results. I finished my freshman year， and left. After a while， my parents forgave me. And a little bit after that， I forgave them， too.

People ask me now， “Were you scared？” Sure. But it turned out， the time for founding PCs Limited couldnt have been better.

5. What can we learn about the author from Paragraph 2？

A. He felt sure of success.

B. He thought others were helpless.

C. He used to do things all by himself.

D. He was not easily influenced by others.

6. What was the author when he started the business？

A. A worker. B. A farmer.

C. A salesman. D. A student.

7. Which is the correct order of the events the author experienced？

a. He left college.

b. He hired some workers.

c. He registered a company.

d. He moved into an apartment.

A. a， c， b， d B. a， d， b， c

C. c， b， d， a D. b， c， d， a

8. How did the author feel talking about his PCs Limited？

A. Satisfied. B. Pressed.

C. Excited. D. Worried.

跟蹤導(dǎo)練（二）

閱讀七選五

Choosing to Study Overseas

Every year， thousands of students choose to study in another country for a semester， a summer， or a year. Studying overseas can be an exciting experience for many people.

● ? ? ? 1

Living in another country can help you to learn a language， and about another culture. You will see the world in a new way， and learn more about yourself. ? ? ? 2 ? ? ? Many companies today want employees who speak a second language， or have experienced living or working in another country.

● Make the right choice.

Once you decide to study overseas， you have to make some choices. To choose the right country or school， ask yourself： Where do I want to go and why？ How much do I want to pay？ ? ? ? 3 ? ? ? Do I want to live with a host family， with roommates， or alone？

● Get ready to go.

Get your passport and visa early！ ? ? ? 4 ? ? ? Learn about the money. Bring some of it and a credit card with you.

● Once you are there.

After the first few weeks overseas， many students will feel a little homesick. They may miss their family， friends， and familiar ways of doing things. ? ? ? 5 ? ? ? When you feel sad or homesick， try to talk to others， or write about your feelings in a notebook.

A. Why do it？

B. How long do I want to study overseas？

C. You should improve your mother tongue before you go.

D. A large number of students cant afford to study overseas.

E. Overseas study may also look good on your future resume.

F. Remember that it takes time to get used to a new place， ?school， and culture.

G. Before you go， learn some of the language， and read about ?some common customs in your host country.

1. ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?2. ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?3. ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?4. ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?5.

完形填空

If you asked high school girls to name their favorite sports， most would probably say basketball or volleyball. I happened to be one of the few girls who would1 ： surfing. But isnt that a boy thing？ Some people may2 . Most certainly not.

I started surfing about five years ago and3in love with the sport on the very first day. Riding that first4was the best feeling I had ever experienced.

When I try to5surfing with other things， I find it very difficult because， in my6 ， theres nothing like it. It involves body，7 ， and soul. Theres sand between my toes and cool salt water all8us. The feeling I get when Im surfing across that9 ， becoming one with the10 ， is like Im weightless.

The one thing I can11from surfing and not any other sport is endless challenge. You can never be the “best surfer” because the ocean12an uncountable variety of waves that nobody can ever master. The variations of surfing styles are wonderful. Some surfers are13and flowing; others are very aggressive and sharp. All of these things attract me to surfing and make it14from any other sport.

Ive15to tell every girl I know to do something that people dont think girls can do. Its part of being human to advance to new16 ， so shouldnt it be expected that girls should step up and start17the limits of things boys and men used to dominate？

Therere women18side by side with the President of our country， so why not be side by side with the boys19the football team or out in the water surfing？ Give girls a chance to20 ， and they will.

1. A. tell B. answer C. give D. realize

2. A. wonder B. understand C. reply D. believe

3. A. stayed B. came C. dropped D. fell

4. A. wave B. storm C. sail D. boat

5. A. bring B. connect C. compare D. tie

6. A. work B. study C. holiday D. life

7. A. mind B. effort C. health D. time

8. A. along B. above C. around D. by

9. A. beach B. water C. board D. lake

10. A. sky B. world C. earth D. ocean

11. A. take B. get C. make D. keep

12. A. catches B. includes C. offers D. collects

13. A. free B. great C. hard D. soft

14. A. easy B. usual C. far D. different

15. A. chosen B. tried C. learned D. promised

16. A. levels B. points C. steps D. parts

17. A. reaching B. accepting C. pushing D. setting

18. A. sitting B. walking C. fighting D. working

19. A. of B. from C. on D. with

20. A. think B. succeed C. perform D. feel

跟蹤導(dǎo)練（三）

閱讀理解

A

Many of us love July because its the month when natures berries and stone fruits are in abundance. These colourful and sweet jewels from British Columbias fields are little powerhouses of nutritional protection.

Of the common berries， strawberries are highest in vitamin C， although， because of their seeds， raspberries contain a little more protein （蛋白質(zhì)）， iron and zinc （not that fruits have much protein）. Blueberries are particularly high in antioxidants （抗氧化物質(zhì)）. The yellow and orange stone fruits such as peaches are high in the carotenoids we turn into vitamin A and which are antioxidants. As for cherries （櫻桃）， they are so delicious. Who cares？ However， they are rich in vitamin C.

When combined with berries of slices of other fruits， frozen bananas make an excellent base for thick， cooling fruit shakes and low fat “ice cream”. For this purpose， select ripe bananas for freezing as they are much sweeter. Remove the skin and place them in plastic bags or containers and freeze. If you like， a squeeze of fresh lemon juice on the bananas will prevent them turning brown. Frozen bananas will last several weeks， depending on their ripeness and the temperature of the freezer.

If you have a juicer， you can simply feed in frozen bananas and some berries or sliced fruit. Out comes a “soft-serve” creamy dessert， to be eaten right away. This makes a fun activity for a childrens party; they love feeding the fruit and frozen bananas into the top of the machine and watching the ice cream come out below.

1. What does the author seem to like about cherries？

A. They contain protein.

B. They have a pleasant taste.

C. They are high in vitamin A.

D. They are rich in antioxidants.

2. Why is fresh lemon juice used in freezing bananas？

A. To keep their colour.

B. To improve their nutrition.

C. To speed up their ripening.

D. To make them smell better.

3. What is “a juicer” in the last paragraph？

A. A dessert. B. A drink.

C. A container. D. A machine.

4. From which is the text probably taken？

A. A biology textbook. B. A health magazine.

C. A research paper. D. A travel brochure.

B

Bill Keaggy likes collecting things—we might even call him a compulsive （he cant stop or control what he does） collector. His latest collecting habit is earning him some unusual fame and， possibly， a little money.

In 1997， Bill Keaggy picked up a thrown-away shopping list at a St Louis supermarket. He said it was interesting because it gave him an attractive view into a strangers life. Keaggy was interested. He decided to pick grocery lists up wherever he found them.

In 2000， Keaggy posted his collection of about 40 lists on the Internet. In 2004 The New York Times Magazine wrote an article about him and his shopping list collection. By then he had collected about 500 lists.

In early 2006， he started working on a book about the lost lists. When the book was published—in May 2007—he had 1，600 lists on his website and thousands more that needed to be posted.

Keaggys book， Milk Eggs Vodka： Shopping Lists Lost and Found， includes about 300 of the best lists—the funniest， saddest， strangest， unhealthiest and more. It is a strange， interesting and funny look at other peoples thrown-away shopping lists.

Keaggy says he learns a lot by reading the lists. Hes surprised by how many people like onions. And hes noticed that a lot of people have trouble spelling. Mayonnaise （蛋黃醬） is always a problem—as are bananas， anchovies （鳳尾魚） and yogurt. But even common words—rost befe （roast beef）， buter （butter）， burd fude （bird food）， krakers （crackers）， londri sope （laundry soap）， and birfday kard （birthday card）—can cause trouble.

5. What does Bill Keaggy like to do in his free time？

A. Earning fame. B. Learning things.

C. Making money. D. Collecting things.

6. What interested Bill Keaggy in 1997？

A. Doing grocery shopping.

B. Picking up shopping lists.

C. Getting to know others life.

D. Looking into different life views.

7. What can we learn by reading Milk Eggs Vodka： Grocery Lists Lost and Found？

A. Different lifestyles.

B. Different worldviews.

C. Different life attitudes.

D. Different shopping channels.

8. By reading the lists， the author found the problem that many people ______ .

A. like onions B. misspell words

C. are meat-eaters D. are trouble-makers

跟蹤導(dǎo)練（四）

完形填空

Here are two examples of people who took everyday problems and turned them around through laughter and play.

Roy， a semi-retired businessman， was1to finally have time to play golf， his favorite sport. But the more he played， the less he2himself. Although his game had improved dramatically， he got3with himself over every mistake. Roy4realized that his golfing friends5his attitude， so he stopped playing with people who took the game too6 . When he played with friends who focused more on having fun than on their7 ， he was less critical of himself. Now golfing was as8as Roy hoped it would be. He scored better without9harder. He was getting more active10from his companions and the game ? ? 11other parts of his life， including his work.

Jane worked at home12greeting cards， a job she used to love， but now she felt it had become13 . Two little girls who loved to draw and14lived next door. Eventually， Jane invited the girls in to15with all the art things she had. At first， she just watched， but in time she joined in.

Laughing， coloring， and playing with the little girls16? ?Janes life. Not only did playing with them end her17and mild boredom， but also it fired her up and helped her with works.

As laughter， humor and play become part of your life， so new

18for playing with friends， co-workers， acquaintances and loved ones will occur to you19 . Humor takes you to a higher place where you can view the world from a more20 ， positive， creative， joyful and balanced perspective.

1. A. excited B. disappointed C. surprised D. calm

2. A. encouraged B. enjoyed C. praised D. expressed

3. A. bored B. satisfied C. proud D. angry

4. A. never B. almost C. similarly D. wisely

5. A. objected B. supported C. affected D. understood

6. A. seriously B. coldly C. carelessly D. lightly

7. A. movement B. scores C. appearances D. study

8. A. popular B. useful C. successful D. enjoyable

9. A. pushing B. thinking C. working D. hitting

10. A. appreciation B. application C. influence D. comment

11. A. separated from B. made up C. spread to D. kept up

12. A. designing B. offering C. protecting D. buying

13. A. valuable B. routine C. interesting D. favorite

14. A. paint B. shop C. drink D. skate

15. A. live B. discuss C. play D. learn

16. A. increased B. destroyed C. troubled D. changed

17. A. ability B. loneliness C. illness D. job

18. A. tasks B. discoveries C. rules D. concerns

19. A. skillfully B. publicly C. fluently D. daily

20. A. relaxed B. formal C. standard D. normal

語法填空

Tom went to the seaside1（spend） his holiday last summer with his family. One day， he was swimming in the river when someone shouted， “Look out， there is a shark not far away！”2（hear） the shout， Tom was scared to death because he was scared of its3（danger） characteristic. “Dont worry， Tom！” his father said， “ 4wed better go back to our hotel in order to avoid5（harm）.”

They stayed in the seaside for several weeks. Though the weather was much hotter， Tom got used6it. Every morning， he got up7（early） than his parents and went for breakfast ahead of time. Then he went to have a chat with his new friend—Jack. Not only8（be） Jack familiar with the seaside， but he was also a man with good qualification. They became very good friends soon. After parting， they kept9（write） to each other. Now， Tom still often hears from Jack.

They talk in their letters about things and persons10they remember in the seaside.

1. ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?2. ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?3. ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?4. ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?5.

6. ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?7. ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?8. ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?9. ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?10.

短文改錯

The old saying “The early bird catches the worm.” show us the importance of planning， working hard and trying constant. To achieve outstanding results， most people must plan ahead and work diligently to overcome all kind of difficulties.

That has been my own experience， either. When I first started high school， I seldom passed my exams， so I never prepared well. Later， my teacher， Mrs Rumbold， advised me plan everything in the advance. He asked me to study hard as well. After a year of putting her advice onto practice， I can now easily pass all my exams. There are no shortcuts to succeed.

跟蹤導(dǎo)練（五）

閱讀理解

Airbags， now found in almost every vehicle， have saved countless lives and largely reduced the severity of injuries in crashes. Similar technology could greatly reduce broken hips resulting from a fall， something most seniors fear.

Dr Robert Buckman and his start-up company， Activeprotective in Allentown， Pennsylvania， has developed a promising solution， a wearable airbag that can protect hip bones in the event of a fall. The idea was the result of Dr Buckmans years as a doctor at Temple University. He noticed how many elderly people were being brought into hospitals with broken hips due to falls， and how they often never completely recovered from the injuries. He started to ask what he could do for these people， and that was when he started trying to figure out whether there was a way of helping people who were at the highest risk of falling and suffering these kinds of injuries.

The device is worn much like a regular belt， but on the outside of the clothing， and it includes sensors that monitor the movement of hips. If the device detects that the person is falling， an airbag opens before the person hits the ground， cushioning the fall. When the wearer hits the ground， the bag reduces the force to the hip bones by 90 percent， enough to avoid the majority of hip injuries.

With one out of every three people aged 65 and older suffering serious falls each year， Activeprotective has a big market for its wearable device. It also has the potential to sizably reduce hip-related health care expenses： Hip injuries among the elderly cost the US health care system in 2012 $30 billion， which doesnt include the long-term care expenses associated with the high percentage of patients that can no longer live independently.

1. What is the purpose of the Activeprotectives airbag？

A. To avoid hip injuries among seniors.

B. To protect seniors from car accidents.

C. To help seniors with their daily nursing.

D. To help doctors deal with serious injuries.

2. What inspired Dr Robert Buckman to make the device？

A. A report on seniors health.

B. A serious fall he experienced.

C. His work experiences as a doctor.

D. Suggestions of seniors at Temple University.

3. How does the device mainly work？

A. By predicting road conditions.

B. By speeding up bone recovery.

C. By reducing the effects of falling.

D. By preventing people from falling.

4. What does the author think of the Activeprotectives airbag？

A. It still needs improving.

B. It has a promising future.

C. It may encourage seniors to do exercise.

D. It may increase Americas spending on seniors.

閱讀七選五

How Laughing at Yourself Makes You Attractive

Have you ever embarrassed yourself in public and got laughed at for it？ 1 And its okay—we should even have a laugh about them.

● Laughing at yourself means accepting who you really are. You may feel bad about yourself because of past misfortune. However， its normal to be imperfect. Whats important is that you should be honest with yourself about who you are. 2 You wont be able to laugh at yourself without self-acceptance.

● Laughing at yourself helps increase your confidence. When youre able to stay optimistic and laugh at yourself， you are likely to be more successful in life. 3 More importantly， it helps you realize your own weaknesses， so you know which areas to do better in.

● 4 Laughing at someone else may hurt their feelings even if you didnt intend to， while laughing at yourself does not. You might even bring a smile to their faces. People will like it， because it shows that you have the courage to do so and youre being real about your imperfections.

Just remember that humans all make mistakes. So instead of blaming yourself， try to think of your mistakes， in a positive way and accept yourself just as you are. 5

A. Laughing at yourself makes you popular.

B. Accept yourself despite your imperfections.

C. You dont need to take yourself seriously all the time.

D. Chances are that we all have these kinds of experiences.

E. Laughing at yourself changes an ideal image of yourself.

F. Learn to laugh at yourself and you will be more attractive.

G. This is because laughing at yourself contributes to your

mental health.

1. ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?2. ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?3. ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?4. ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?5.

跟蹤導(dǎo)練（六）

閱讀理解

Sport is not only physically challenging， but it can also be mentally challenging. Criticism from coaches， parents， and other teammates， as well as pressure to win can create an excessive amount of anxiety or stress for young athletes. Stress can be physical， emotional， or psychological and research has indicated that it can lead to burnout. Burnout has been described as dropping or quitting of an activity that was at one time enjoyable.

The early years of development are critical years for learning about oneself. The sport setting is one where valuable experiences can take place. Young athletes can， for example， learn how to cooperate with others， make friends， and gain other social skills that will be used throughout their lives. Coaches and parents should be aware， at all times， that their feedback to youngsters can greatly affect their children. Youngsters may take their parents and coaches criticisms to heart and find a flaw （缺陷） in themselves.

Coaches and parents should also be cautious that youth sport participation does not become work for children. The outcome of the game should not be more important than the process of learning the sport and other life lessons. In todays youth sport setting， young athletes may be worrying more about who will win instead of enjoying themselves and the sport. Following a game， many parents and coaches focus on the outcome and find fault with youngsters performances. Positive reinforcement （強(qiáng)化） should be provided regardless of the outcome. Research indicates that positive reinforcement motivates and has a greater effect on learning than criticism. Again， criticism can create high levels of stress， which can lead to burnout.

1. How can we prevent the burnout of young athletes？

A. By training them more often.

B. By reducing their mental stress.

C. By making sports less competitive.

D. By increasing their sense of success.

2. From the text we can learn sport is positive for the young because .

A. it can help them learn more about society

B. it enables them to find flaws in themselves

C. it can provide them with valuable experiences

D. it teaches them how to set realistic goals for themselves

3. What counts most for the youth to play sports？

A. The outcome of the game.

B. The criticism of the coaches.

C. The process of learning the sport.

D. The friendship with their teammates.

4. Whats the authors purpose of writing the passage？

A. To teach young athletes how to avoid burnout.

B. To tell young children not to worry about criticism.

C. To stress the importance of positive reinforcement to children.

D. To discuss the skill of combining criticism with encouragement.

書面表達(dá)

假設(shè)你是李華，你的外國朋友Jane打算于11月來中國，他來信了解中國人的社交習(xí)俗。請你用英語回一封信，從以下幾個方面做具體介紹：

1﹒應(yīng)答方式（如見面時、得到贊美時、接受禮物時等）;

2﹒餐宴禮節(jié)。

注意：

1﹒詞數(shù)100左右;

2﹒信的開頭和結(jié)尾已寫好，不計入總詞數(shù);

3﹒可根據(jù)內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，使行文連貫。

Dear Jane，

Glad to hear from you and youre welcome to China in November.

______________________________________________________

______________________________________________________

______________________________________________________

______________________________________________________

______________________________________________________

______________________________________________________

______________________________________________________

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I hope whats mentioned above might be helpful and wish you a good journey.

Yours sincerely，

Li Hua

Many international sports were introduced by the British who take their leisure time very seriously. There is widespread participation in sport in Britain.

許多國際體育項(xiàng)目是由認(rèn)真對待休閑時間的英國人引進(jìn)的。在英國，人們廣泛參與體育活動。

1. Football （or “soccer” as it is colloquially called）， the most popular sport in England as well as in Europe， has its traditional home in England where it was developed in the 19th century.

足球（口語為“soccer”），在英格蘭和整個歐洲是最受歡迎的運(yùn)動，其傳統(tǒng)發(fā)源地在英格蘭，出現(xiàn)于19世紀(jì)。

2. The game “Rugby” was invented at Rugby School in Warwich shire in the early 19th century.

拉格比球（即“英式橄欖球”）比賽，19世紀(jì)初創(chuàng)立于沃爾威克郡的拉格比學(xué)校。

3. Cricket， the most typical English sports， has been in existence since the 16th century， whose international level is 5-day Cornhill Test Matches.

板球，是最典型的英國體育項(xiàng)目，16世紀(jì)已存在。國際比賽是為期5天的康希爾決賽。

4. Although tennis has been played for centuries， the modern game originated in England in the late 19th century. The main tournament is the annual Wimbledon fortnight， one of the four tennis “Grand Slam” tournaments.

盡管網(wǎng)球已打了好幾個世紀(jì)，但現(xiàn)代比賽卻起源于19世紀(jì)末的英格蘭。主要比賽是一年一度的溫布爾登兩周賽，這是網(wǎng)球“大滿貫”聯(lián)賽（四大賽事）之一。

5. There is a considerable participation of athletics in Britain. For example， the London Marathon， which takes place every spring.

在英國有許多人參加田徑運(yùn)動。例如，每年春季舉行的倫敦馬拉松比賽。

6. The home of golf is Scotland where the game has been played since the 17th century and naturally the oldest golf club in the world is there： The Honourable Company of Edinburgh Golfers. The Walker Cup for amateurs and the Ryder Cup for professionals.

高爾夫球的故鄉(xiāng)是蘇格蘭，自從17世紀(jì)以來這項(xiàng)運(yùn)動就在那里盛行。全世界最古老的高爾夫俱樂部也在那里：愛丁堡高爾夫球會員榮譽(yù)公司。業(yè)余球員參加沃爾克公開賽，而職業(yè)球員參加雷德爾杯賽。