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      Module 2 The Renaissance

      2019-09-03 02:11:40
      時(shí)代英語(yǔ)·高三 2019年4期
      關(guān)鍵詞:責(zé)備及物動(dòng)詞壞事

      詞匯短語(yǔ)園地

      1. appeal? ?v.? ?懇求;呼吁

      搭配:

      (1) appeal to sb (for sth) (為某事)呼吁/懇請(qǐng)某人

      He appealed to his friends for help.

      他向朋友們請(qǐng)求幫助。

      (2) appeal to sb to do sth? ?呼吁/懇請(qǐng)某人做某事

      The police appealed to the crowd to keep calm.

      警察呼吁群眾保持冷靜。

      (1) appeal? ?v.? ?上訴;有吸引力

      搭配:

      appeal against sth? ?不服某事而上訴

      He appealed against the five-year sentence he had been given.

      他對(duì)被判五年有期徒刑提出上訴。

      appeal to sb? ?迎合某人的愛(ài)好;吸引某人

      The idea appealed to Mary.

      這主意正合瑪麗的心意。

      (2) appeal? ?n.? ?呼吁,懇求;上訴;吸引力

      The country has made an appeal for help to the world.

      那個(gè)國(guó)家向世界求助。

      The new fashion soon lost its appeal.

      這種新潮流很快就失去了吸引力。

      2. loss? ?n.? ?丟失;喪失

      The loss of her purse caused her much inconvenience.

      丟失錢包給她帶來(lái)了諸多不便。

      The loss of income for the government is about $250 million a month.

      政府收入每月減少大概2.5億美元。

      3. seek? ?v.? ?尋找;尋求

      We sought (for) an answer to the question, but couldnt find one.

      我們尋求這個(gè)問(wèn)題的答案,可是沒(méi)能找到。

      Most men seek wealth; all men seek happiness.

      大多數(shù)人尋求財(cái)富,每個(gè)人都追求幸福。

      seek advice/help/permission? ?征求建議/尋求幫助/征求同意

      seek fame? ?追求名利

      seek ones fortune? ?尋找致富(或成功)的機(jī)會(huì)

      seek for/after? ?尋求;追求

      seek sth from sb? ?向某人尋求某物

      seek to do sth? ?試圖做某事

      辨析:

      比較seek,find和search

      (1) seek“尋找;探索”,一般用于抽象意義,有時(shí)也表示渴望得到某一具體的東西,是比較正式的書面用語(yǔ)。它既可用作及物動(dòng)詞,也可用作不及物動(dòng)詞,作不及物動(dòng)詞表“尋找;探索”時(shí),既可接after也可接for。

      (2) find“找到”,強(qiáng)調(diào)“尋找”的結(jié)果。

      (3) search“搜尋;搜查”,后接要搜查的場(chǎng)所;后接人時(shí)指“搜身”。

      4. blame? ?n.? (對(duì)錯(cuò)事或壞事應(yīng)付的)責(zé)任

      搭配:

      (1) accept/bear/take the blame for sth? ?對(duì)某事負(fù)責(zé)任

      You must bear the blame for the accident.

      你必須承擔(dān)造成這次事故的責(zé)任。

      We were ready to take the blame for what had happened.

      我們?cè)笇?duì)所發(fā)生的事負(fù)責(zé)。

      (2) put/lay the blame on sb? ?(將某事)歸咎于某人

      Shell put the blame on us if it turns out badly.

      如果結(jié)果糟糕,她將會(huì)怪罪于我們。

      He is trying to lay the blame on me.

      他企圖把責(zé)任推給我。

      blame? ?v.? ?責(zé)備;指責(zé);把……歸咎于

      搭配:

      (1) blame sb for sth/doing sth? ?為某事責(zé)備某人/責(zé)備某人做了某事

      Many children are afraid of being blamed for making mistakes in speaking English.

      許多孩子害怕講英語(yǔ)時(shí)犯錯(cuò)誤受到責(zé)備。

      He blamed his teachers for his failure.

      他把自己的失敗歸咎于他的老師。

      (2) blame sth on sb? ?把某事歸咎于某人

      The police blamed the traffic accident on Jacks careless driving.

      警察把那起交通事故歸咎于杰克的粗心駕駛。

      Its no use blaming our defeat on him.

      把我們的失敗歸罪在他頭上是沒(méi)用的。

      (3) be to blame (for sth)? ?(對(duì)壞事)負(fù)有責(zé)任

      注意:此處不能用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。

      The children were not to blame for the accident.

      那次事故怪不著孩子們。

      He is more to blame than you.

      是他更應(yīng)受責(zé)備,而不是你。

      Who is to blame for starting the fire?

      這場(chǎng)火災(zāi)該由誰(shuí)負(fù)責(zé)?

      5. leave for? ?出發(fā)去某地

      (1)“l(fā)eave for+地點(diǎn)”表示“動(dòng)身去某地”

      Next Friday, Alice is leaving for London.

      下周五,愛(ài)麗斯要去倫敦。

      He left for the front two weeks ago.

      兩星期前,他出發(fā)去了前線。

      (2)“l(fā)eave+地點(diǎn)+for+地點(diǎn)”表示“離開(kāi)某地去某地”

      Why are you leaving Shanghai for Beijing?

      你為什么要離開(kāi)上海去北京?

      6. lead to? 導(dǎo)致,通向,通往

      All roads lead to Rome.

      條條道路通羅馬。

      Under given conditions, a bad thing can lead to good results.

      在一定條件下,一件壞事可以導(dǎo)致好的結(jié)果。

      An ordinary cold can soon lead to a fever.

      一場(chǎng)普通的感冒很快便會(huì)引起高燒。

      辨析:

      比較lead to 和result in

      Eating too much sugar can lead to health problems.

      This investment program will lead to the creation of new jobs.

      從以上句子可以看到,lead to的主語(yǔ)(即引起事情發(fā)生的主動(dòng)方)多是一個(gè)動(dòng)態(tài)的動(dòng)作或計(jì)劃,其賓語(yǔ)(即被引起的事情)無(wú)嚴(yán)格的消極與積極之分,而且多用于描述客觀的可能性和對(duì)未來(lái)的預(yù)測(cè)。

      The accident resulted in the death of two passengers.

      These policies resulted in many elderly and disabled people suffering hardship.

      從以上句子可以看到,result in的主語(yǔ)多是靜態(tài)、客觀的一件事或物,其賓語(yǔ)通常是不良或消極的結(jié)果,而且多用于描述已經(jīng)發(fā)生的事件。

      7. take up? ?從事,開(kāi)始做(某項(xiàng)工作)

      After he retired from office, Rogers took up painting for a while, but soon lost interest.

      羅杰斯退休以后開(kāi)始畫畫,但沒(méi)多久就失去興趣了。

      He had studied Japanese for a year and a half before he took up English.

      他開(kāi)始學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)之前已經(jīng)學(xué)了一年半日語(yǔ)。

      We took up physical chemistry at college.

      在大學(xué)我們選學(xué)了物理化學(xué)課。

      The scientist has taken up a new subject.

      這位科學(xué)家已經(jīng)開(kāi)始研究一個(gè)新的課題。

      (1) take up (time/space)? ?占用(時(shí)間)/占據(jù)(空間)

      That big table takes up too much room.

      那張大桌子占的地方太大了。

      Learning English takes up a lot of my time.

      學(xué)英語(yǔ)占了我許多時(shí)間。

      That boy took my time up with his questions.

      那個(gè)男孩的問(wèn)題浪費(fèi)了我的時(shí)間。

      (2) take up? ?繼續(xù);接著講

      We took up our journey the next day.

      第二天我們繼續(xù)趕路。

      This chapter takes up where the last one left off.

      本章繼續(xù)上一章談到的內(nèi)容。

      (3) take up? ?接納(乘客等);接受(挑戰(zhàn)、建議、條件等)

      The bus stopped to take up passengers.

      公共汽車停下來(lái)讓乘客上車。

      He has taken up the bet.

      他已接受打賭的條件。

      (4) take up? ?提出(商討),討論

      Theres another matter which we ought to take up.

      還有一件事我們要提出來(lái)商量。

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