羅路

在武漢乃至全國，一場關(guān)于新冠肺炎康復(fù)者血漿捐獻的接力賽正在展開。截至3月5日，全國已有919人捐獻了294450毫升的血漿，武漢市已有10余位康復(fù)者連續(xù)兩次捐獻血漿。在他們看來，這是一份帶有生命溫度的禮物，傳遞著愛、健康和希望。

Spokesmen from National Health Commission of the People's Repubic of China andMinistry of Science and Techndogy of the People's Republic of China on Feb 17th urgedpatients who have recovered from the novel coronavirus to donate blood so that plasmacan be 1） extracted to treat others who are critically ill. 2）Plasma from patients who haverecovered from a spell of pneumonia 3）triggered by COVID-19 contains antibodies thatcan help reduce the virus load in critically ill patients.

"I would like to make a call to all cured patients to donate their plasma so thatthey can bring hope to critically ill patients，" said Guo Yanhong， who is the SupenisionCommissioner of the Medical Administration Bureau of NHC.

Eleven patients at a hospital in Wuhan received plasma4）infusions last week. One patient （among them） has alreadybeen 5）discharged， one is able to get off the bed and walkand the others are all recovering. The call comes daysafter state-owned medical products maker reportedsuccessful results from its 6）trial at Wuhan First People's

1） extract ['ekstraekt]v.提取

2）plasma ['plaenzma]n.血漿

3） trigger ['triga（r）]v.觸發(fā)

4）infusion[in'fju：3n]n.輸入

5） discharge [dis'tfa：d3i]v.出院 6）trial ['traial]n.試驗Hospital. China National Biotec Group Co said in a post on its official WeChat accountthat severely ill patients receiving plasma infusions improved within 24 hours. Clinicalstudies have shown that infusing plasma from recovered patients is safe and effective.

Exploring the use of plasma as a treatment for the novel coronavirus was important，but 7）cautioned it needed to be done with safety. It is a very important area of discovery.Plasma had proven effective in saving lives when 8）combating a range of differentdiseases.It is a very valid way to explore 9） therapeutics， especially when we don't havevaccines and we don't have specific anti-virals. Plasma-based treatments could bedifficult to scale up to reach large numbers of patients， and stressed the need to carefullyfollow safety 10） protocols. With blood products you can also transmit other diseases， sothe protocol is very important.

Blood donors will 11）undergo a test to ensure that they are not carrying the virus，said Wang Guiqiang， chief physician at Peking University First Hospital. "Only plasmais taken， not all the blood，" he said. "Other components of the blood including red bloodcells and platelets will be infused back into the donors."

Across the country， there have been 544 recovered patients donating plasma thathas been made into plasma products used on 245 patients， according to authorities.

The Chinese Red Cross Society has established a special fund to award eachplasma donor 3，000 yuan， according to its website. Despite the cash award， manypeople are 12）reluctant to donate plasma soon after recoveryas they worry it will hurt their health and cause themto be infected with COVID-19 again.

But the worry is unnecessary.Recovered patients will not be infected

7） caution ['ko：fn]v.警告

8） combat ['kombaet]V.與……戰(zhàn)斗

9） therapeutics [，eera'pju：tiks]n.療法

10） protocol ['praotakol]n.協(xié)議;禮儀

11） undergo [，Anda'gau]V.經(jīng)歷;遭受

12） reluctant [rl'lAktant] adj.不情愿的again for years， but the effectiveness of the anti-bodies in their plasma would decline six monthsafter recovery， so it calling for more recoveredpatients to donate plasma within three monthsafter recovery when the effectiveness of the anti-bodies is high.

Strict processing procedures may also bea reason for the slow 13）provision of plasmaproducts. It takes at least a week from collectingplasma to preparing the products that can beused on COVID-19 patients. The testing forplasma is quite strict. "We will do many virustests on the plasma of recovered patients， such as AIDS， hepatitis B， and syphilis， toensure that the plasma is completely safe before being used for treatment，" the personsaid， noting there is also a blood type match requirement. Recovered patients arerequired to undergo a 14-day 14）quarantine and take a test to confirm they have turnednegative for the virus before they can donate plasma. On average， 400 milliliters ofdonated plasma can save two or three patients in serious condition.

A good sign is more and more recovered patients are donating plasma.

"All the medical staff have sacrificed a lot to treat patients like me， I also want tocontribute a Iittle，" a recovered COVID-19 patient surnamed Yin said."All for one andone for all，" Yin went to the hospital for a further check on Monday and was told thathe was in a good， recovered condition. "After learning that my condition is good fordonation， I decided to donate my plasma."

Another recovered COVID-19 patient surnamed Wang also thanked all the medicalstaff and said that he hoped his donated plasma could help other patients. Wang and Yineach donated 200 milliliters of plasma on Tuesday.

With the effort of all the highly empathetic Chinese people， we have the confidencein the 15）resolutely victory of the battle against the novel coronavirus.

13） provision [pra'vi3n]n.供應(yīng);準備

14） quarantine ['kworanti：n]n.隔離

15） resolutely ['rezalu：tli] adv.堅決地

國家衛(wèi)健委與科技部相關(guān)發(fā)言人在2月17日呼吁從新冠肺炎中康復(fù)的患者獻血，以便提取血漿以治療其他重癥患者。從COVID-19引發(fā)的肺炎中恢復(fù)過來的患者血漿中含有有助于減輕危重患者病毒載量的抗體。

國家衛(wèi)健委醫(yī)政醫(yī)管局監(jiān)察專員郭燕紅說：“我呼吁所有痊愈的患者捐獻血漿，以便給重癥患者帶來希望?！?/p>

武漢的一家醫(yī)院上周有11名患者接受了血漿輸注，其中一名病人已經(jīng)出院，一名病人可以起床行走，而其他人都在康復(fù)。幾天前，一家國有醫(yī)療產(chǎn)品制造商報告了其在武漢市第一人民醫(yī)院的試驗成功的結(jié)果。中國生物技術(shù)集團公司在其官方微信公眾號中說，接受血漿輸注的重癥患者在24小時內(nèi)得到改善。臨床研究表明，輸注來自康復(fù)患者的血漿是安全有效的。

探索使用血漿作為新型冠狀病毒的治療手段是重要的，但必須安全地進行。這是一個非常重要的發(fā)現(xiàn)領(lǐng)域。在許多疾病的防治中血漿己被證明可以有效地挽救生命。這是一種非常有效的探索治療方法的手段，尤其是當我們沒有疫苗并且沒有特效藥時?；谘獫{的治療可能難以擴大規(guī)模以覆蓋大量患者，并強調(diào)需要仔細遵循安全方案。因為這些血液制品可能會帶有其他疾病，所以安全方案非常重要。

北京大學(xué)第一醫(yī)院主任醫(yī)師王貴強說，獻血者將接受檢查以確保他們沒有攜帶這種病毒?！皟H抽取血漿，而不是全部血液。”“血液的其他成分，包括紅細胞和血小板，將被注回供體?！?/p>

據(jù)專家介紹，全國共有544名康復(fù)病人捐獻血漿，這些血漿己被制成血漿制品，供245名病人使用。

據(jù)中國紅十字會官網(wǎng)介紹，中國紅十字會已經(jīng)設(shè)立了一項特別基金，為每位捐血漿者提供3000元人民幣的補助金。盡管有現(xiàn)金補助，但許多人不愿意在康復(fù)后不久捐血漿，因為他們擔心這會損害他們的健康，導(dǎo)致他們再次感染。

其實這種擔心是不必要的。康復(fù)患者在數(shù)年內(nèi)不會再被感染，但他們血漿中的抗體在康復(fù)后6個月效價會下降，所以需要呼吁更多的康復(fù)患者在康復(fù)后3個月內(nèi)捐獻血漿，因為此時抗體的效價很高。

嚴格的加工程序也可能是血漿產(chǎn)品供應(yīng)緩慢的一個原因。從收集血漿到準備可用于COVID-19患者的制品，至少需要一周時間。對血漿的檢測相當嚴格?！拔覀儗祻?fù)病人的血漿做很多病毒測試，比如艾滋病、乙型肝炎和梅毒，以確保治療前的血漿是完全安全的，”相關(guān)人士說，同時指出還存在血型匹配的要求。康復(fù)病人需要接受為期14天的隔離，并接受檢測，以確定他們是否對病毒呈陰性反應(yīng)，然后才能獻血。平均來說，400毫升的捐獻血漿可以救治兩三個病情嚴重的病人。

一個好的跡象是越來越多的康復(fù)病人開始獻血。

“所有的醫(yī)護人員都犧牲了很多來治療像我這樣的病人，我也想做出一點貢獻，”一名康復(fù)的COVID-19患者尹某說，“人人為我，我為人人?！敝芤?，尹某去醫(yī)院做了進一步檢查，并被告知他的情況良好，身體狀況已經(jīng)恢復(fù)?！霸诘弥业纳眢w狀況可以捐獻后，我決定捐獻血漿。”

另一位康復(fù)的COVID-19患者王某也感謝了所有的醫(yī)護人員，并說，他希望自己捐獻的血漿能夠幫助其他患者。周二，王和尹各捐贈了200毫升血漿。

我們有理由相信，在所有有著高度同理心的中國人的努力下，我們一定能打贏這場新冠肺炎疫情防控阻擊戰(zhàn)。