Smoke jumpers

河南 谷戰(zhàn)峰

Every year,wildfires destroy millions of hectares of forest land,leaving many homes damaged and a lot of people homeless.Luckily,smoke jumpers help to stop this.They are brave guardians for us.

Smoke jumpers are a special type of firefighters.Unlike regular firefighters,they work in a different way.They jump from planes or are lowered by helicopters into areas that are difficult to reach by car or on foot,such as the middle of a mountain forest.They race to put out fires as fast as they can.

At a fire site,smoke jumpers first examine the land and decide how to fight the fire.Their main goal is to stop a fire from spreading or to slow its progress until full,ground-based firefighters arrive.Using basic equipment such as shovels（鏟子） and axes（斧頭）,smoke jumpers clear land of burnable materials,like dry grass and dead trees.They carry water with them,too,but only a limited amount.

Although the majority of smoke jumpers are men,more women are joining now.The most important factors are your height and weight.Smoke jumpers employed in the United States,for example,must be between 120 and 200 pounds(between 54 and 91 kilograms)so they don't get blown away by the strong winds or get hurt when they land.Smoke jumpers must also be capable of surviving in the wilderness.In Russia,many smoke jumpers know how to find food in the forest and can even make simple furniture from trees so that they can survive in the wild.

The work is dangerous,and the hours are long.But for these firefighters,smoke jumping isn't just an occupation.They love being able to jump out of planes,fight fires,and live in the forest.As 28-year-old Russian smoke jumper Alexi Tishin says,“This is the best job for tough guys.”

1.What is the reading mainly about?

A.The life of a Russian smoke jumper.

B.Why people become smoke jumpers.

C.Interesting facts about a new occupation.

D.Who smoke jumpers are and what they do.

2.When a smoke jumper reaches a fire site,what is the first thing he or she does?

A.Looking for water. B.Clearing the land.

C.Studying the land. D.Recording the accident.

3.If you want to be a smoke jumper,you must be _______.

A.male B.unmarried

C.a university graduate D.within a certain weight range

4.What can be inferred about a smoke jumper according to the text?

A.Smoke jumpers are paid more than regular firefighters.

B.Smoke jumpers must learn to survive in the wilderness.

C.Smoke jumpers appear as an occupation only in recent years.

D.Smoke jumpers play a more important role than regular firefighters.

5.In Alexi Tishin's opinion,why do people become smoke jumpers?

A.To earn money. B.To get excitement.

C.To help their country. D.To rescue people in need.

Ⅰ.Complete the information with words from the box in a proper form.

capable employ equip major occupation race

As an 18-year-old student,A.J.Coston lived with his family during the week.But on the weekends,Coston lived and worked at a fire station,where he was 1.___________as a volunteer firefighter.Several times each weekend,he had to 2.___________to the scene of a fire.

Firefighting is a dangerous 3.___________.To get the job,Coston took classes and learned safety skills.He also learned to use firefighting 4.___________such as axes and hoses.After Coston became 5.___________of using these well,he was allowed to work inside burning buildings.

Although firefighters spend the 6.__________of their time putting out fires,they also rescue people from accidents and other dangerous situations.Coston hopes to be a flight paramedic（醫(yī)務(wù)輔助人員）in the future,but he will never forget his days as a firefighter.

Ⅱ.We can add “-ment” to some verbs to form nouns.Complete the sentences using the verbs in the box.

agree employ equip improve

1.The new smoke jumper is getting better at his job,but there is still room for__________.

2.Besides a shovel,what other__________does an archeologist need?

3.After graduating from college,she found___________at a local bank.

4.If no___________was reached,the army would step in.