黃家云 李根華
摘 要 目的:對(duì)比經(jīng)皮空心螺釘固定與支撐鋼板對(duì)后踝骨折患者踝關(guān)節(jié)功能及關(guān)節(jié)活動(dòng)度(ROM)的影響。方法:回顧性分析60例后踝骨折患者臨床資料,將采用經(jīng)皮支撐鋼板固定治療的患者歸為觀察組(n=31),將采用經(jīng)皮空心螺釘固定治療的患者歸為對(duì)照組(n=29)。對(duì)比兩組手術(shù)相關(guān)指標(biāo)與術(shù)前、出院后3個(gè)月踝關(guān)節(jié)功能及ROM變化情況。結(jié)果:兩組術(shù)中出血量與住院時(shí)間比較無(wú)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P>0.05);與對(duì)照組比較,觀察組手術(shù)用時(shí)較長(zhǎng)(P<0.05)。出院后3個(gè)月,兩組美國(guó)足踝外科協(xié)會(huì)踝-后足評(píng)分均較術(shù)前上升,且觀察組上升幅度較大(P<0.05);兩組ROM均較術(shù)前上升(P<0.05)。結(jié)論:后踝骨折患者采用經(jīng)皮支撐鋼板固定治療效果優(yōu)于空心螺釘固定,可促進(jìn)踝關(guān)節(jié)功能恢復(fù)。
關(guān)鍵詞 后踝骨折 經(jīng)皮空心螺釘固定 支撐鋼板 踝關(guān)節(jié)功能 關(guān)節(jié)活動(dòng)度
中圖分類號(hào):R683.42 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)志碼:B 文章編號(hào):1006-1533(2021)19-0032-03
Effect of percutaneous cannulated screw fixation and support plate on ankle joint function and range of motion in patients with posterior malleolus fracture
HUANG Jiayun, LI Genhua
(Department of Orthopaedics, Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Xingan County, Jian 331300, China)
ABSTRACT Objective: To compare the effects of percutaneous cannulated screw fixation and support plate on ankle joint function and range of motion (ROM) in patients with posterior malleolus fracture. Methods: The data from 60 patients with posterior malleolus fracture were retrospectively analyzed and the patients were divided into an observation group (treated with percutaneous plate fixation, n=31) and a control group (treated with percutaneous hollow screw fixation, n=29). The changes of ankle joint function and ROM were compared between the two groups before operation and three months after discharged from hospital. Results: There were no significant differences between the two groups in intraoperative blood loss and hospitalization time (P>0.05). Compared with the control group, the observation group had a longer operative time (P<0.05). The ankle-hindfoot scores of the American Foot and Ankle Surgery Association in both groups were higher three months after discharged from hospital than those before operation, and furthermore the increase in the observation group was greater (P<0.05). The ROMs of both groups were increased after operation (P<0.05). Conclusion: The effect of percutaneous plate fixation for posterior malleolus fracture is better than that of cannulated screw fixation.
KEy wORDS posterior malleolus fracture; percutaneous hollow screw fixation; support plate; ankle joint function; joint range of motion
后踝骨折作為一種臨床常見(jiàn)骨折疾病多發(fā)于青壯年群體,既往臨床常采用傳統(tǒng)切開(kāi)復(fù)位治療此疾病,但此治療方式對(duì)于患者機(jī)體創(chuàng)傷較大,且術(shù)后并發(fā)癥較多,已不適于現(xiàn)代微創(chuàng)理念[1]。內(nèi)固定治療是近些年逐漸興起的治療方式,主要內(nèi)固定材料有空心螺釘與支撐鋼板,兩種材料均可有效起到固定骨折作用[2-3]。目前對(duì)兩種材料固定對(duì)于后踝骨折患者踝關(guān)節(jié)功能與關(guān)節(jié)活動(dòng)度(range of motion, ROM)的專項(xiàng)研究較少,鑒于此,本研究旨在對(duì)比兩種固定材料對(duì)于后踝骨折患者臨床療效的影響。
1.1 一般資料
回顧性分析我院骨科2017年1月—2020年4月收治的60例后踝骨折患者臨床資料,將采用經(jīng)皮支撐鋼板固定治療的患者歸為觀察組(n=31),將采用經(jīng)皮空心螺釘固定治療的患者歸為對(duì)照組(n=29)。觀察組中男19例,女12例;年齡26~57歲,平均年齡(40.32±3.17)歲;骨折位置:左側(cè)骨折16例,右側(cè)骨折13例,雙側(cè)骨折2例;骨折原因:交通事故20例,高處摔傷9例,外力打擊2例;后踝骨折Haraguchi分型[4]:Ⅰ型8例,Ⅱ型13例,Ⅲ型10例;三踝骨折12例,雙踝骨折19例。對(duì)照組中男18例,女11例;年齡24~58歲,平均年齡(40.25±3.19)歲;骨折位置:左側(cè)骨折15例,右側(cè)骨折12例,雙側(cè)骨折2例;骨折原因:交通事故19例,高處摔傷8例,外力打擊2例;后踝骨折Haraguchi分型:Ⅰ型8例,Ⅱ型12例,Ⅲ型9例;三踝骨折11例,雙踝骨折18例。本研究經(jīng)院內(nèi)醫(yī)學(xué)倫理委員會(huì)批準(zhǔn)。兩組一般資料對(duì)比差異無(wú)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P>0.05),有可對(duì)比性。