Xiulian LIN, Xiaoling WANG, Junhong ZHONG, Min ZHAO

1.Huizhou Engineering Vocational College, Huizhou 516023, China; 2.Huizhou Tongqiao Town Agriculture and Rural Office, Huizhou 516023, China; 3.South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510000, China

Abstract At first, the ethical dilemmas of rural revitalization and the present situation of ethics in agriculture-related vocational education were analyzed, and then the ethical dilemmas of agriculture-related vocational education serving rural revitalization were studied.Finally, some ethical countermeasures for the dilemmas were proposed to provide reference for the research related to rural revitalization.

Key words Rural revitalization, Ethical research, Agriculture-related vocational education

1 Introduction

The rural revitalization strategy was first put forward in the report of the 19thNational Congress of the Communist Party of China, and it is one of the strategies for China to build a moderately prosperous society in an all-round way.The goals of the rural revitalization strategy are very clear: thriving industries, livable ecology, civilized rural customs, effective governance, and affluent lives.This is not only the inheritance and development of the goal of building a new socialist countryside, but also the prospect of rural development in building a moderately prosperous society in an all-round way.The main functions of colleges and universities are scientific research, personnel training, cultural inheritance, and social services, and agriculture-related higher vocational colleges have an unshirkable responsibility in serving rural revitalization.Huizhou Engineering Vocational College, which is an agriculture-related higher vocational college containing agricultural, industrial and commerce majors, actively implements the work of the Huizhou Municipal Party Committee to do a good job in the rural revitalization township and village group support work, and connects with Boluo, Longmen, Huiyang and other counties, districts and towns.The content of assistance covers agricultural planting and breeding technology, agricultural product sales, agricultural informatization,etc.In this paper, Huizhou Engineering Vocational College is taken as an example to combine the concept of ethics with the strategy of agricultural colleges to serve rural revitalization through the theoretical elaboration of ethics, and conduct research in ethical fields such as economy, society, ecology, and family, so as to better promote the construction of rural areas from the perspective of ethics.

2 Ethical dilemmas of rural revitalization

The strategic goal of rural revitalization is "prosperous industry, livable ecology, civilized rural customs, effective governance, and prosperous life", which is the inheritance and development of the "development of production, well-off life, civilized rural customs, clean and tidy village appearance, and democratic management" proposed by the construction of a new socialist countryside.In this process, there have been ethical dilemmas in rural revitalization, mainly including economic, ecological, governance, and family ethics.

2.1 Ethical dilemma of economic developmentOver the past 40 years of reform and opening up, brilliant achievements have been made in economic development, and great progress has been made in modernization, industrialization and urbanization.However, there are unbalanced development between urban and rural areas, the lack of farmers’ subject value, and the ethical dilemma of rural areas in economic operation.

2.2 Ethical dilemma of ecological civilizationIn the early stage of reform and opening up, the urbanization process was supported at the expense of agriculture and rural areas.With the advancement of industrialization, the rural ecological environment in China tends to deteriorate, and the ecological environment pollution has caused huge damage to rural population, mainly including the pollution of public health environment and the deterioration of rural environmental pollution.

2.3 Ethical dilemma of social governanceThe process of mod-ernization and urbanization has led to the deconstruction of the traditional governance model, and the new governance model has not yet been completed.The unprecedented development of materialism and marketization concepts, the backwardness of moral construction, the corruption of etiquette and customs and other phenomena interfere with the goal of effective governance, and social governance in rural areas still faces ethical dilemmas, mainly including the difficulty of grassroots management, the collapse of etiquette and customs, the loss of belief, the general lack of public morality, the lack of collective concept,etc.

2.4 Ethical dilemma of family relationsFamily is the smallest unit of social existence.Modernization affects the economy, society and culture of rural areas, leading to an ethical crisis in the relationship within a family.For example, the problem of rural old-age care is not guaranteed, the rural marriage relationship has become complicated, and the education of left-behind children is a problem.

Rural revitalization is an important strategy for realizing a well-off society in an all-round way.In order to ensure the smooth implementation of "industrial, talent, cultural, ecological, and organizational revitalization", it is necessary to deeply analyze the reasons for the ethical dilemma to promote the great implementation of the rural revitalization strategy.

3 Present situation of ethics in agriculture-related vocational education

Agriculture-related higher vocational majors mainly involve agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery, including nearly 50 majors such as crop production technology, seed production and management, modern agricultural technology, horticultural technology, plant protection and quarantine technology, tea tree cultivation and tea processing, Chinese herbal medicine cultivation technology, garden technology, animal husbandry and veterinary technology,etc.Agriculture-related vocational education serves the development of agriculture, and the rapid development of modern agriculture requires a large number of agricultural talents.The number and students of agriculture-related colleges have developed rapidly.Agricultural graduates are engaged in agricultural production, management and other work, adding vitality to agricultural development and becoming the backbone of modern agricultural development.Meanwhile, the uneven ethical quality of agricultural practitioners has led to ethical dilemmas in agricultural production.Ethics education for agriculture-related majors is an important link in cultivating high-quality agricultural technical personnel.High-quality agricultural technical talents should develop in an all-round way in respects of "morality, intelligence, physique, beauty and labor", and must have noble moral sentiments, firm moral beliefs, good behavior habits, and excellent business ability.More importantly, the cognition and values of agricultural professional ethics can be well integrated with the professional quality.Therefore, agricultural-related professional ethics education has become an important means of tempering personal qualities and shaping personality, and it is also an important link in cultivating high-quality agricultural technical talents.The sustainable development of agriculture requires agricultural practitioners not only to have skilled technical skills, but also to have a high level of agricultural ethics cognition and strong ethical decision-making ability.Especially when facing ethical dilemmas in the process of agricultural development, a high-level ethical decision maker is needed.The current agricultural vocational education mostly focuses on professional knowledge and skills and lacks ethics education.At the same time, the concept of agricultural-related professional ethics education has not yet been proposed.On the basis of reviewing a large number of documents, combined with the actual situation of agricultural education, the author who has worked in the front line of agricultural vocational education for a long time believe that agricultural-related professional ethics education means using ethical principles to educate students of agriculture-related majors through various forms aiming at the ethical behaviors produced in agricultural production and the ethical norms that should be abided by, and making them form a certain ethical concept, quality and sentiment, so as to carry out ethical agricultural practice activities.

4 Ethical dilemmas of agriculture-related vocational education serving rural revitalization

The main functions of colleges and universities are scientific research, personnel training, cultural inheritance and social services, and agriculture-related higher vocational colleges have an unshirkable responsibility in serving rural revitalization.In accordance with the service requirements of "supporting national strategies, integrating into regional development, promoting technological innovation, and serving everyone", Huizhou Engineering Vocational College solidly implements the strategy of consolidating poverty alleviation, assists the rural revitalization strategy, actively does a good job in helping towns and villages in Huizhou, promotes targeted assistance and other social services, and creates the "Huigong" brand of vocational education servicing for rural revitalization.

Firstly, it is needed to effectively radiate the intelligence, technology and resources of colleges and universities to the areas of demand, transfer learning and education to fields, and deliver agricultural technology to ordinary people, so as to promote agricultural production and help rural revitalization.The college actively connects with the Huizhou Municipal Science and Technology Bureau, dispatches rural science and technology commissioners to participate in the work of helping towns and villages in Huizhou, and form a team to accurately help Boluo, Longmen, Huiyang and other counties, districts and towns.The content of assistance covers agricultural planting and breeding technology, agricultural product sales, agricultural informatization,etc.Secondly, technology research and development should be conducted, and social services should be strengthened.The school has won special research on rural revitalization and social development planning from Huizhou Science and Technology Bureau, as well as special rural revitalization projects of Guangdong Provincial Department of Education and Huizhou Federation of Social Sciences.In the development of various technology research and development projects and educational reform projects, the role of teachers as think tanks is played, and the efficiency of talent training and social service in higher vocational colleges is improved.Meanwhile, it provides a research path for the ethical research of agricultural-related higher vocational colleges serving rural revitalization.

In the process of serving local rural revitalization, the team of Huizhou Engineering Vocational College found that Huizhou rural revitalization also has dilemmas such as economic ethics, ecological ethics, governance ethics, and family ethics, which are mainly manifested in the following aspects.The integration of the primary, secondary and tertiary industries needs to be improved, and the development of the added value of agricultural products is low; the income gap between urban and rural residents is large.Rural labor population is small, mostly the elderly, the weak, the sick and the disabled, and the main rural laborers are foreign farmers from Guangxi, Guizhou and Yunnan; they pursue profit maximization, and use a large number of chemical fertilizers in production process, leading to soil compaction, water eutrophication and deterioration of water quality.In addition, high-pressure water guns are used to wash agricultural products, resulting in serious soil erosion.Excessive use of pesticides contributes to the increase of insect resistance, rampant pests, food safety hazards of agricultural products, and serious pollution of soil and water from pesticide residues.Large-scale planting of eucalyptus seriously damages the natural environment, and leads to a sharp decline in soil fertility.Invasion of exotic species such asMikaniamicranthaKunth andSolenopsisinvictaBuren is serious, and there is no effective control method and means yet; they endanger agricultural and forestry production and human health, and destroy ecological balance.A large number of left-behind children lack family education and are infected with bad habits, resulting in an increase in the rate of juvenile crime and a series of social problems.

5 Ethical countermeasures of agriculture-related vocational education serving rural revitalization

The main functions of colleges and universities include scientific research, personnel training, cultural inheritance, and social services, and the agricultural vocational education of agriculture-related vocational colleges needs to serve local economic development.In order to promote the sustainable development of local agriculture, ethical countermeasures should be studied.At first, the systematization of agricultural-related professional ethics education should be increased.The training goal is to strengthen agricultural professional ethics.A qualified agricultural production talent needs to have good political quality, high professional level, healthy body and mind, and noble moral qualities, and can distinguish right and wrong according to ethical standards in agricultural production activities.The acquisition of these qualities requires systematic education.Secondly, curriculum should be increased, and the education of agricultural ethics should be strengthened.Ethics education is incorporated into the curriculum system of agricultural majors, and runs through the whole process of agricultural education.Meanwhile, ethics education is added to the content of textbooks.Ethical education is added to practical teaching, so that students can consciously use the principles and methods of ethics to solve ethical problems in agricultural production; the ethical decision-making ability is trained to make ethical education truly effective.

In order to effectively serve rural revitalization, agriculture-related talents must have the following qualities.In respect of service industry revitalization, the talents must be able to ensure the fairness and justice of the development of the modern market, cultivate new farmers’ economic values, and revitalize the local industrial economy according to local conditions.In respect of service talent revitalization, the talents should have a strong sense of nostalgia.In respect of service culture revitalization, the talents can abandon traditional local culture and absorb modern excellent culture.In respect of ecological revitalization, the talents must live ecologically to alleviate the antagonistic relationship between man and nature and ecological production, ensure the orderly development of man and nature and ecological entrepreneurship, and realize the organic unity of man and nature.In respect of service organization revitalization, the talents must have modern governance concepts and strengthen the efficiency of rural governance.

In a word, agriculture-related professional ethics education is a systematic project, and requires the joint efforts of schools, society and individuals to make ethical education run through the talent training mechanism of agriculture-related vocational education, so as to cultivate more qualified and excellent agricultural practitioners to help rural revitalization.