主題一 美德與品行

張嵐

基礎(chǔ)·分類梳理

一、詞匯快記

負(fù)能量

dishonest adj. 不誠(chéng)實(shí)的

corrupt adj. 腐敗的

unethical adj. 不道德的

deceitful adj. 欺騙的

greedy adj. 貪婪的

selfish adj. 自私的

arrogant adj. 傲慢的

impolite adj. 不禮貌的

inconsiderate adj. 不體貼的

careless adj. 粗心的

neglectful adj. 馬虎的

disloyal adj. 不忠誠(chéng)的

unkind adj. 不友善的

rude adj. 粗魯?shù)?/p>

cruel adj. 殘忍的

irresponsible adj. 不負(fù)責(zé)任的

lazy adj. 懶惰的

jealous adj. 嫉妒的

judgemental adj. 愛指責(zé)人的

disrespectful adj. 不尊重的

insincere adj. 不真誠(chéng)的

condescending adj. 居高臨下的

impulsive adj. 沖動(dòng)的

unreliable adj. 不可靠的

destructive adj. 破壞性的

intolerant adj. 不寬容的

prejudiced adj. 有偏見的

inefficient adj. 低效的

stubborn adj. 固執(zhí)的

sneaky adj. 鬼鬼祟祟的

violent adj. 暴力的

invasive adj. 侵入的

unaccountable adj. 不負(fù)責(zé)的道德與價(jià)值觀

moral adj. 道德的；道義上的n. 教益；寓意

integrity n. 誠(chéng)實(shí)正直

honesty n. 誠(chéng)實(shí)

trustworthiness n. 可靠

responsibility n. 責(zé)任

fairness n. 公平

respect n. 尊重

kindness n. 仁慈

compassion n. 同情

generosity n. 慷慨

forgiveness n. 寬恕 個(gè)人修養(yǎng)與品德

humility n. 謙遜

patience n. 耐心

self?discipline n. 自律

courage n. 勇氣

modesty n. 謙虛

perseverance n. 毅力

gratitude n. 感激

loyalty n. 忠誠(chéng)

diligence n. 勤奮

selflessness n. 無私 社交與行為規(guī)范

courtesy n. 禮貌

etiquette n. 禮儀

tact n. 老練

punctuality n. 守時(shí)

respectfulness n. 尊重

politeness n. 禮貌

consideration n. 體貼

empathy n. 移情作用

sympathy n. 同情

tolerance n. 容忍

manners n. 禮儀

decorum n. 禮貌得體

graciousness n. 親切

chivalry n. 彬彬有禮

grace n. 優(yōu)雅

refinement n. 優(yōu)雅

thoughtfulness n. 細(xì)心周到

公民責(zé)任與社會(huì)參與

citizenship n. 公民身份

charity n. 慈善

volunteerism n. 志愿服務(wù)

activism n. 激進(jìn)主義

philanthropy n. 慈善

community service 社區(qū)服務(wù)

leadership n. 領(lǐng)導(dǎo)才能

advocacy n. 倡導(dǎo)

involvement n. 參與

goodwill n. 友好

二、短語速覽

uphold moral values 堅(jiān)守道德價(jià)值觀

act with integrity 誠(chéng)信行事

demonstrate ethical behavior 展示道德行為

show respect for/to others 尊重他人

practice kindness 行善

foster compassion 培養(yǎng)同情心

model good character 塑造良好品質(zhì)

promote fairness and justice 促進(jìn)公平與正義

encourage honesty 鼓勵(lì)誠(chéng)實(shí)

embrace diversity and inclusion 接納多樣性與包容性

cultivate empathy 培養(yǎng)共情

put others needs before your own 他人的需求至上

strive for personal and professional growth追求個(gè)人和職業(yè)發(fā)展

be accountable for ones actions 對(duì)某人的行為負(fù)責(zé)

practice self?discipline 培養(yǎng)自律能力

exhibit humility 展現(xiàn)謙遜

show gratitude 表達(dá)感激之情

foster a sense of community 培養(yǎng)社區(qū)意識(shí)

engage in acts of service 參與服務(wù)行動(dòng)

treat others with fairness and equality 公平、平等地對(duì)待他人

strive for excellence 追求卓越

demonstrate good sportsmanship 表現(xiàn)出良好的體育精神

be a responsible citizen 做一個(gè)負(fù)責(zé)任的公民

practice good manners 以禮待人

exhibit patience and understanding 表現(xiàn)出耐心和理解

advocate social justice 倡導(dǎo)社會(huì)正義

encourage ethical decision?making 鼓勵(lì)合乎道德的決策

foster an inclusive work environment 創(chuàng)造包容的工作環(huán)境

engage in acts of kindness and generosity參與善良和慷慨的行動(dòng)

strive to make a positive impact on society努力對(duì)社會(huì)產(chǎn)生積極的影響

social responsibility 社會(huì)責(zé)任

environmental stewardship 環(huán)境管理

humanitarianism 人道主義

global citizenship 全球公民權(quán)利

public service 公共服務(wù)

social justice 社會(huì)正義

civic duty 市民責(zé)任

三、好句積累

1. 動(dòng)名詞短語作主語

Exercising self?discipline and adheringto a strong set of moral principlesare essential for individuals to navigateethical dilemmas effectively. 鍛煉自律并堅(jiān)守一套強(qiáng)有力的道德原則對(duì)個(gè)人有效地應(yīng)對(duì)道德困境至關(guān)重要。

2. not only...but also... 不但……而且……

Ethical behavior entails not onlyavoiding harm to others but also activelycontributing to their well?being， fostering aculture of kindness and compassion. 道德行為不僅包括避免對(duì)他人造成傷害，還包括積極為他人的福祉做出貢獻(xiàn)，打造一種友善和同情的文化。

3.“only+狀語”放在句首時(shí)，引導(dǎo)倒裝句

Only when practiced consistently canvirtues and good conduct shape individualsinto better citizens. 只有當(dāng)持之以恒地實(shí)踐時(shí)，美德和良好品行才能將個(gè)體塑造成更好的公民。

四、續(xù)寫必備

1. She showed love and compassion，always putting others needs before herown and making everyone feel valued andcared for. 她富有愛和同理心，總是把他人的需求放在自己的需求之前，讓每個(gè)人都感到被重視和關(guān)心。

2. His humility was truly remarkable，as he never boasted about his accomplishmentsand treated everyone with equal respect.他的謙遜真是令人贊嘆，因?yàn)樗麖牟豢湟约旱某删?，并且平等地尊重每個(gè)人。

3. Her unwavering loyalty and dedicationwere evident in her actions， as she alwaysstood by her friends and loved onesthrough thick and thin. 她堅(jiān)定不移的忠誠(chéng)和奉獻(xiàn)在行動(dòng)中顯而易見，因?yàn)樗偸窃谒鶒壑撕团笥褌兘?jīng)歷各種困難時(shí)支持他們。

4. His compassion flowed like a gentleriver， soothing the hearts of those he encounteredon his path. 他的同情心如柔和的河流一般流淌，撫慰著他一路上所遇到的每一個(gè)人的心靈。

5. His words carried a gentle strength，lifting hearts and soothing minds with wisdomand kindness. 他的言辭充滿了溫柔的力量，以智慧和善良撫慰人們的心靈，給予他們力量。

五、寫作達(dá)標(biāo)

寓言故事評(píng)論

（一）素材金庫

The fable cleverly illustrates themoral lesson of“being slow and steadywins the race”through the story of The Tor?toise and the Hare. 這則寓言巧妙地通過《龜兔賽跑》的故事，說明了“穩(wěn)扎穩(wěn)打才能取得勝利”的道德教訓(xùn)。

The fable serves as a cautionary tale，teaching the important lesson that“dontcount your chickens before they hatch”through the story of the greedy farmer. 這則寓言作為一個(gè)警示故事，通過貪婪的農(nóng)夫的故事來教導(dǎo)人們：別過早打如意算盤。

The animal characters in the fable，such as the clever fox or the greedy wolf，symbolize human traits and behaviors，making the moral lessons relatable to readersof all ages. 寓言中的動(dòng)物角色，例如聰明的狐貍或貪婪的狼，象征著人類的特質(zhì)和行為，這使得道德教訓(xùn)能夠讓各個(gè)年齡段的讀者產(chǎn)生共鳴。

The simplicity of the fables plot allowsfor a clear and straightforward presentationof the moral lesson， ensuring its impacton the readers. 這則寓言的情節(jié)簡(jiǎn)單，清晰直接地呈現(xiàn)出道德教訓(xùn)，確保它對(duì)讀者的影響力。

The use of vivid imagery and descriptivelanguage in the fable engages thereaders imagination and enhances theoverall storytelling experience. 寓言中生動(dòng)的意象和描寫性的語言調(diào)動(dòng)了讀者的想象力，提升了整體的敘事體驗(yàn)。

Through the fable， the author skillfullyconveys universal truths and values，transcending time and culture， making itrelevant to readers from different backgrounds.通過這則寓言，作者巧妙地傳達(dá)了普遍的真理和價(jià)值觀，這超越了時(shí)代和文化，使其與不同背景的讀者相關(guān)。

The fable encourages critical thinkingand moral reflection， as readers areprompted to ponder the consequences ofthe characters actions. 寓言鼓勵(lì)批判性思維和道德反思，因?yàn)樽x者被促使思考角色行為的后果。

Morals and life lessons are beautifullywoven into the fabric of fables， makingthem enjoyable and educational for readersof all ages. 道德和人生哲理被精心編織到寓言故事中，這使得它們對(duì)各個(gè)年齡段的讀者來說既有趣又富有教育意義。

The concise and focused nature offables allows readers to quickly grasp theintended moral or message， making themeffective tools for teaching. 寓言的簡(jiǎn)潔和聚焦性使讀者能夠迅速領(lǐng)會(huì)其寓意或信息，使其成為有效的教學(xué)工具。

The imaginative settings and vivid descriptionsin fables transport readers into a?world of imagination. 寓言中富有想象力的場(chǎng)景和生動(dòng)的描寫將讀者帶入了一個(gè)充滿想象力的世界。

（二）寫作框架

In the vast collection of fables thathave enchanted readers for generations，________stands as a timeless classic.（話題導(dǎo)入）The fable centers around________（寓言中的角色介紹）. Througha series of encounters， ________（情節(jié)概述）. The authors choice of wordsadds charm to the storytelling， making itaccessible to both young and maturereaders. The characterization of________is masterfully executed， depicting________（ 人物形象或品格）throughthoughtful ________（表現(xiàn)手法）. Atthe heart of this fable lies a moral lessonabout ________（寓言的寓意）. In summary，________remains a treasuredfable， cherished for its engaging narrative，well?developed characters， andtimeless moral lesson（總結(jié)全文）.

提升·素養(yǎng)達(dá)標(biāo)

見P57～P62《學(xué)習(xí)妙測(cè)》“主題一美德與品行”的對(duì)應(yīng)內(nèi)容。