姜經(jīng)志
近幾年,考查mind一詞的題目屢見不鮮?,F(xiàn)對其用法作一歸納:
一、mind用作名詞時,意為“思想”、“想法”、“頭腦”、“智力”。常見的含名詞mind的短語有:change ones mind(改變主意),make up ones mind(下定決心),set ones mind to (do) (專注于……),keep in mind(記在心里),come into ones mind(計上心來)等。
二、mind用作動詞時,意為“介意”、“反對”,常用來表示委婉、客氣的請求。含動詞mind的常見句式有:
1) “Would/Do you mind doing ...?意為“……你介意嗎?”。例如:
Would you mind closing the door?關上門好嗎?
2) “Would/Do you mind + 人稱代詞賓格或形容詞性物主代詞 + doing ...?” 意為“某人做某事,你介意嗎?”。例如:
Do you mind my closing the window?(= Do you mind if I close the window?) 我把窗戶關上,你介意嗎?
構成“Would you mind doing ...?” 的否定式時,通常在doing的前面加not。 例如:
Would you mind not swimming in the river?
Would you mind not being late again?
“Would you mind ...?” 后面接從句時,從句中的謂語動詞常為過去式,用來表示委婉的語氣。例如:
Would you mind if I closed the window?你介意我把窗戶關上嗎?
Would you mind if I turned up the radio?我把收音機聲音開大點,你反對嗎?
“Would you mind ...?” 的同義句式是“Do you mind ...?”。 二者表達相同的意思,只是“Would you mind ...?” 比“Do you mind ...?” 語氣顯得更客氣一些。兩者后接從句時,前者從句中的謂語動詞常為過去式,而后者從句中的謂語動詞則用一般現(xiàn)在時。試比較:
Would you mind if I sat here?(= Do you mind if I sit here?) 我坐在這兒你介意嗎?
Do you mind if I smoke here?(= Would you mind if I smoked here?) 我在這里吸煙你介意嗎?
在回答這種問題時,必須注意英、漢兩種語言之間的差異:
1) 表示不反對或不介意時常用以下句式:No,please do. (好吧,請。)/Certainly not. (當然可以。)/Of course not. (當然可以。)/No,go ahead. (完全可以。)例如:
—Would you mind me smoking here?我在這兒抽煙你介意嗎?
—No,please do. 好的,請便。
—Would you mind if I turned on the TV?我打開電視你介意嗎?
—Certainly not. 當然可以。
—Would you mind my standing here?你介意我站在這里嗎?
—Not at all. 沒關系。
2) 如果不同意或不贊成某人做某事,就不要說“Yes,I mind”,應說“Sorry/Im sorry”或“I wish you wouldnt”,然后再陳述拒絕或反對的理由。例如:
—Would you mind my turning off the light?我把燈關掉,你介意嗎?
—Im sorry. I havent finished my work. (= I wish you wouldnt. I havent finished my work.) 對不起,我還沒有完成我的工作。
“I dont mind.” 意為“我不介意”。例如:
—What do you think of sitcoms?你覺得情景喜劇怎么樣?
—I dont mind them. 我不關心那些節(jié)目。
Never mind意為“沒關系”、“不要緊”,常出現(xiàn)在下列場合:
1) 應答對方的致歉。例如:
—Im sorry. I came in a hurry and forgot to bring food. 對不起,我來得匆忙,忘記帶吃的了。
—Never mind. You can have ours. 沒關系,你可以吃我們的。
2) 安慰對方。例如:
—Did you watch the baseball match yesterday?昨天你看棒球比賽了嗎?
—No,I missed it. By the time I got there,it had already finished. 沒有,我錯過了。當我到達那里時,比賽已經(jīng)結束了。
—Never mind. It was a boring match. 沒關系。那是一場枯燥乏味的比賽。
3) 回答對方的求助。例如:
—Sorry to trouble you. 抱歉,麻煩您一下。
—Never mind. What can I do for you?沒關系。我能為你做些什么呢?
[鞏固練習]
1. (2007年湖北省黃岡市) —So hot in the classroom. Would you mind
____ the windows?
—OK. Ill do it right now.
A. not closing B. not opening
C. closing D. opening
2. (2007年內蒙古呼和浩特市) Would you mind____ me how____ English words?
A. tell; to remomber B. telling; remember
C. telling; to remember D. tell; remember
3. (2006年吉林省) Would you mind____ more slowly?I cant follow you.
A. speak B. spoke C. spoken D. speaking
4. (2006年貴州省畢節(jié)市) Do you mind____ the radio a little bit?I am doing my homework.
A. turning off B. to turn down
C. turning down D. turning up
5. (2006年湖南省湘潭市) Would you mind not____ here?Im doing my homework.
A. sing B. singing C. to sing
6. (2005年安徽省六安市) —Would you mind opening the window?
—____.
A. Of course,open it B. Not at all
C. Certainly D. No,dont do it
7. (2005年山東省菏澤市) —I cant surf the Internet.____ ?
—OK.
A. Can I help you B. Do you mind helping me
C. What shall I do D. Can you give me a hand
8. (2005年湖北省黃岡市) —Its too hot. Would you mind my____ the window?
—____. Do it as you like,please!
A. to open; OK B. opening; Certainly not
C. closing; Of course D. open; Good idea
9. (2005年四川省內江市) —Would you mind my smoking?
—____.
A. Not at all B. I have no idea
C. Yes,please
10. (2004年浙江省杭州市) —Mary is ill. When shall we go to see her,tonight or tomorrow night?
—____. Either night is OK.
A. Im sure B. Im afraid not
C. I dont know D. I dont mind
11. (2005年江蘇省南京市) —Im terribly sorry to have stepped on your foot.
—____.
A. Dont say that B. Never mind
C. Youre welcome D. Thats right
12. (2005年青海省西寧市) —Do you mind if I take the seat?
—____. Its for a gentleman named Bill.
A. Better not B. Never mind
C. Of course D. Not at all
13. (2005年甘肅省) —Do you mind if I smoke here?
—____.
A. Youre welcome
B. Im afraid not
C. Please dont. Its a non-smoking car
D. Yes,I mind
14. (2005年云南省) —Do you mind if I sit here?
—No,but____ . Its for the old,young man.
A. of course not B. better not
C. take it D. not at all
Key:1-5 DCDCB 6-10 BBBAD 11-14 BACB