謝　昊

在英語中，keep是一個常用動詞，中考和各類考試常?？嫉剿挠梅ā，F(xiàn)就它在初中階段的用法總結(jié)如下：

一、用作及物動詞

keep作及物動詞有下列用法：

1. 保有；保存；保留

Keep this seat for me. Ill be back right away.

請給我保留這個座位，我馬上就回來。

These old clothes are not worth keeping.

這些舊衣服沒有保存的價值。

If you like it, keep it. 你如果喜歡的話就把它留下吧。

2. （暫時）保管；（暫時）存放，有時也可以表示“借”的意思。

Will you please keep my watch while I go swimming?

我去游泳，請你保管一下我的表好嗎？

You may keep your things in here. 你可以把東西存放在這里。

Keep your credit card in a safe place. 把你的信用卡妥善保管。

——How long may I keep these books?

這些書我能借多長時間？

——You may keep them for two weeks. 你可以借兩個星期。

3. 遵守（諾言、法律、條約等）；保守（秘密等）；記錄；記載

You must keep your promise.

你必須遵守自己的諾言。

He is a man who always keeps his word. 他是個一貫說話算數(shù)的人。

Can you keep a secret?

你能保守秘密嗎？

Do you keep a diary every day? 你每天記日記嗎？

4. 贍養(yǎng)；供養(yǎng)；撫養(yǎng)；飼養(yǎng)

She kept her sisters children.

她撫養(yǎng)她姐姐的孩子。

He kept his whole family by teaching. 他靠教書養(yǎng)活全家。

They keep a lot of fish in the river. 他們在河里養(yǎng)了很多魚。

5. 后接復合賓語，即“賓語+賓語補足語”，表示“使某人或某物保持某種狀態(tài)”。賓語補足語可由形容詞、副詞、介詞短語、v-ing形式、過去分詞等充當。

(1)形容詞作賓語補足語

Please keep the children quiet.

請讓小孩們保持安靜。

You must keep your classroom clean and tidy.

你們必須保持教室干凈整齊。

(2)副詞作賓語補足語

The cold weather kept us indoors.

寒冷的天氣使我們呆在家里。

Keep top side up!請勿倒置！

(3)介詞短語作賓語補足語

I hope you will keep your mind on your schoolwork.

我希望你把心思放在功課上。

(4)v-ing形式作賓語補足語

Im sorry to keep you waiting.

對不起，讓你久等了。

Keep the fire burning.

不要讓火熄滅了。

(5)過去分詞作賓語補足語

The other students in the class kept their eyes closed. 班上的其它學生閉著眼睛。

No matter what happens, we will keep you informed. 不管發(fā)生了什么事情，我們會向你報告。

6. 阻止；妨礙

What kept her from joining us?

什么原因使她沒有加入到我們中間來？

The rain kept us from going out. 天下雨，我們出不了門。

二、用作不及物動詞

1. 用作連系動詞，后接形容詞作表語，意思是“保持著（某種狀態(tài)）”。

Please keep quiet in the library. 請在圖書館保持安靜。

She kept silent at school.

她在學校沉默寡言。

The weather keeps fine these days. 這些天天氣一直很好。

In order to keep healthy, all the students go in for sports. 為了保持健康，所有學生都參加體育運動。

2. 后接v-ing形式或on+v-ing形式，表示“繼續(xù)（一直，老是，反復）做某事”。

My parents kept encouraging me to study hard. 我的父母不斷鼓勵我努力學習。

They decided to keep trying.

他們決定繼續(xù)試驗。

The fire kept burning all night.

火燒了一整夜。

He kept on talking until he was told to stop. 他講個不停，直到別人制止他才住口。

In the years that followed, Marx kept on learning English and using it. 在這之后的幾年中，馬克思繼續(xù)不斷地學習和使用英語。

[小試牛刀]選擇最佳答案。

(中考試題)

1. Its hard to keep the house

____ with three kids.

A. cleaning B. to clean

C. cleaned D. clean

2. The earth is our home. We

must ____ it clean.

A. change B. sweep

C. keep D. build

3. Jeff borrowed a history book

from his friend. He ____ it for

a week.

A. has borrowed B. has lent

C. has kept D. lend

4. ——How long can I ____ the books?

——Two weeks.

A. borrow B. lend

C. get D. keep

5. No matter how hard it is, well

keep ____ until we make it.

A. failed B. failing

C. tried D. trying

6. We should keep ____ in the

reading-room.

A. quiet B. quietly

C. quite D. quickly

7. It kept ____ for 3 days.

A. on raining

B. to rain

C. rained

8. We must keep the classroom

____.

A. clean B. to clean

C. cleaning D. cleaned

9. Wu Dong was ____ tired that

he couldnt keep his eyes ____.

A. too; open B. so; opened C. too; closed D. so; open

10. We kept ____ the ball to each

other, and they began to get

angry.

A. to pass B. passing

C. pass D. past

11. The teacher asked all the

students in the class to keep

their eyes ____.

A. close B. to close

C. closing D. closed

12. Please come on time. Dont

keep me ____.

A. wait B. waiting

C. waited D. to wait

13. The earth is our home. We

must ____ the land, air and

water clean.

A. change B. share

C. notice D. keep

14. “We must keep ____ in the

library,” the woman said to me

____.

A. quiet; quietly

B. quietly; quietly

C. quietly; quiet

D. quiet; quiet

Key(3)