裴香萍,裴妙榮,丁海琪

葛花化學(xué)成分的研究

裴香萍,裴妙榮＊,丁海琪

(山西中醫(yī)學(xué)院中藥系,山西太原030024)

從葛花中分離得到2個化合物,經(jīng)理化和光譜鑒定分析為:尼泊爾鳶尾苷元(1)、7-甲氧基香豆素(2),其中7-甲氧基香豆素為首次從葛花藥材中分離得到.

葛花;化學(xué)成分;尼泊爾鳶尾苷元;7-甲氧基香豆素

葛花為豆科植物葛(Pueraria lobata(Willd.)Ohwi)的花,異名葛條花,性味甘涼,其功用為解酒醒脾,治傷酒發(fā)熱煩渴,不思飲食,嘔逆吐酸,吐血,腸風(fēng)下血[1],是臨床用于解酒的常用藥.日本科學(xué)家最近揭示了葛花的解酒機制,他們認為是葛花中含有的皂角苷和異黃酮分別對免疫系統(tǒng)和內(nèi)分泌系統(tǒng)起到了協(xié)調(diào)作用,改善了酒精引起的新陳代謝異常癥狀.Kim和Park、周艷暉等、張淑萍等均曾從葛(Pueraria thunbergiana)花、峨嵋葛(Pueraria omeiensis)花、野葛花中分離出鳶尾苷等異黃酮[2-5].作者采用聚酰胺柱色譜法從葛花中分離得到2個化合物并進行了結(jié)構(gòu)鑒定,它們分別為:尼泊爾鳶尾苷元、7-甲氧基香豆素.其中7-甲氧基香豆素為首次從葛花中分離得到.

1 儀器與材料

Equinox 55 FT-IR紅外光譜儀KBr壓片;Bruker-AM-500超導(dǎo)核磁共振儀(瑞士Bruke公司);CQ-250超聲波清洗儀(工作頻率:(33±2)kHz,320 W);X4型熔點測定儀(未校正);ZF-90型暗箱式紫外透射儀(上海顧村電光儀器廠);薄層層析聚酰胺薄膜(浙江省臺州市路橋四甲生化塑料廠);色譜用硅膠為青島海洋化工廠產(chǎn)品;所用試劑一般均為分析純.葛花采自河南省伏牛山,晾干,去柄.藥材經(jīng)山西省藥檢所高天愛老師鑒定.

2 提取與分離

將1.4 kg葛花分成7份,每份200 g,用體積分數(shù)95%乙醇加熱回流兩次,每次1 h,第一次用95%乙醇2 000 mL,第二次用95%乙醇1 600 mL回收乙醇,合并浸膏,水浴加熱干燥,揮發(fā)至無醇味,干燥,得干膏312 g.將所得干膏分成三份,分別以50 mL水溶解,用乙酸乙酯萃取三次,每次200 mL合并提取液,回收乙酸乙酯,得浸膏60 g.所得浸膏用少量乙酸乙酯溶解,加入聚酰胺粉(60～90目)約30 g拌勻,裝柱,用不同濃度的乙醇梯度洗脫(5%～95%),逐份收集,將收集部分濃縮至小體積,放置,析出結(jié)晶后,檢測,25%的乙醇洗脫液中得化合物(1),35%的乙醇洗脫液中得化合物(2).

3 結(jié)構(gòu)鑒定

化合物(1) 淡黃色針狀晶體,m.p.236～237℃,UVλMeOHmaxnm 265,212.IR(KBr,cm-1)ν:3478,1640, 1609,1512,1466;ESI-MS:m/z301[M+H]+.

1H NMR(500M,DMSO-d6)δ(ppm)

8.32 (1H,s,H-2),7.36(2H,d,J=8.5 Hz,H-2’,6’),6.81(2H,d,J=8.5 Hz,H-3’,5’),6.49(1H,s, H-8),3,76(3H,s,6-OCH3),9.57(1H,brs,4-OH),10.74(1H,brs,7-OH),13.04(1H,s,5-OH).

13C NMR(125 M,DMSO-d6)δ(ppm)

154.1 (C-2),121.8(C-3),180.5(C-4),153.2(C-5),131.4(C-6),157.4(C-7),93.8(C-8),152.7(C-9), 104.8(C-10),121.2(C-1’),130.1(C-2’,6’),115.0(C-3’,5’),157.5(C-4’),59.9(6-OCH3).化合物(1)的實測值與文獻[6]一致,故此化合物為尼泊爾鳶尾苷元.

化合物(2) 乳白色片狀結(jié)晶,UVλMeOH nm:320.6,203.2.IR(KBr,cm-1)ν::1705,1612,1505; ESI-MS(m/z):177[M+1]+.

1H NMR(500M,DMSO-d6)δ(ppm)

6.23 (1H,d,J=9.6 Hz,H-3)和7.43(1H,d,J=9.6 Hz,H-4)為內(nèi)酯環(huán)上的兩個質(zhì)子,6.93(2H)和7.07(1H)為芳環(huán)上的三個質(zhì)子,3.79(3H,s)為甲氧基;

13C NMR(125M,DMSO-d6)δ(ppm)

167.9 (C-2),149.6(C-7),146.3(C-9),144.1(C-4),127.0(C-5),120.9(C-6),116.2(C-3),114.2(C-8), 112.1(C-10),58.4(C-11).化合物(2)的實測值與文獻[7]一致,經(jīng)數(shù)據(jù)分析,確定該晶體為7-甲氧基香豆素.

致謝:本課題在完成過程中得到了中國藥品生物制品鑒定所魯靜、何軼、張聿梅老師及山西中醫(yī)學(xué)院原紅霞老師的幫助,在此一并致謝.

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[3] PARK H J,MOON J O,L EE K T,et al.Isoflavone Glycosides from the Flowers ofPueraria Thunbergiana[J].Phytochemistry,1999,51:147-151.

[4] ZHOU Y-H(周艷暉),CEN Y-Z(岑穎洲),XU S-Y(許少玉),et al.Stuay of Compounds of Isoflavone in theFlowersof Pueraria omeiensis[J].A nalysis laboratory(分析實驗室),2003,22(Suppl):34-35.

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[6] WAGNER H,CHARI V M,SONNENBICHL ER J.13C NMR Spektren Naturlich Vorkom-menker Flavoncide[J].Tetrahedron Lett,1976,21:1799-1800.

[7] WANG Qian,WANG Feng,XUE Song,YU Zhi-guo,et al.Separation and Quantitative Determination of the 7-methoxycoumarin inA rtemisia capillarisThunb(茵陳中7-甲氧基香豆素的分離與含量測定)[J].Journal of S henyang Pharmaceutical Universit(沈陽藥科大學(xué)學(xué)報),2003,20(1):12-14.

The Chemical Constituents from the Flowers ofPueraria lobata

PEI Xiang-ping,PEI Miao-rong,DING Hai-qi
(Shanxi University ofTraditional Chinese Medicine,Taiyuan030024,China)

Two compounds were isolated from the flowers ofPueraria lobataby the method polyamide column chromatography,Which were identified as irisolidone(1),7-methoxycoumarin(2).The second compound,7-methoxycoumarin was isolated fromP.lobatafor the first time.

flowers;Pueraria lobata(Willd)Ohwi;chemical constituent;irisolidone;7-methoxycoumarin

R284.1

A

0253-2395(2010)03-0423-02

2009-11-05;

2010-04-23

山西省科技攻關(guān)項目(051083)

裴香萍(1969-),女,山西絳縣人,講師,主要從事中藥鑒定及中藥質(zhì)量控制研究工作.＊通信作者裴妙榮E-mail:peimr602@163.com