英語(yǔ)會(huì)話(huà)及醫(yī)院常用詞匯

癌癥病人化療前的護(hù)理

Nursing care for a Cancer Patient before Chemotherapy

病人:那化療到底有哪些副作用?

護(hù)士:化療有很多副作用,包括胃腸道反應(yīng),如惡心、嘔吐、便秘;過(guò)敏反應(yīng);骨髓抑制,如白細(xì)胞、血小板下降;肝功能損害;脫發(fā)等。但不是所有副作用都會(huì)出現(xiàn),也不是每個(gè)人都會(huì)有。

病人:那怎么來(lái)預(yù)防這些副作用?

護(hù)士:化療前,我們會(huì)給您做全面的檢查,如驗(yàn)血的指標(biāo)、拍攝CT、查心電圖等。了解您的全身情況及腫瘤情況,選擇效果較好、副作用相對(duì)較輕的方案。床位醫(yī)生會(huì)詳細(xì)跟您談具體的內(nèi)容的。最主要的是,醫(yī)生會(huì)進(jìn)行化療前的預(yù)處理,也就是使用一些預(yù)防嘔吐、過(guò)敏、保護(hù)肝功能的藥物,最大程度地減輕藥物的副作用。另外,合理的飲食、良好的情緒、充足的睡眠,也是非常重要的。可以說(shuō),經(jīng)過(guò)預(yù)處理,大部分病人出現(xiàn)的副作用是輕微的。所以,您不用害怕。

Patient:What side effects w ill chemotherapy have?

Nurse:Chemotherapy has many side effects including gastrointestinal tract reaction such as nausea,vomiting,and constipation;allergic responses;bone marrow dep ression as drop off w hite cell and p latelet count;damege of liver function;and alopecia.But,not all side effects w ill occur and not all patients have the same side effects.

Patient:How to p revent these side effects?

Nurse:Befo re chemotherapy,we w ill run several examinations for you,including blood test,CT,electrocardiogram,etc.to understand your body and your tumo r conditions.We w ill select amost effective treatment plan w ith the least side effects fo r you.Your docto r w ill discuss the detailed p lan w ith you.The docto r w ill carry out p re-treatment for you before the chemotherapy by using some drugs to p rvent vomiting,allergic reactions,and to p rotect your liver function.In addition,reasonable foods and drinks,good mood and enough sleep are very important too.Themajo rity of the patients receiving chemo therapy have only minimal side effects after p re-treatment.Therefore you don’t have to worry.

(金美娟)

常用縮略語(yǔ)(英文)

Common Abbreviation(English)

CEP cerebral evoked potential 大腦誘發(fā)電位

CF colonofiberscop 纖維結(jié)腸鏡

Chol cholesterol 膽固醇

CI cardiac index 心肺排血指數(shù)

CKG cardiokymogram 心動(dòng)圖

CO vardiac output 心臟排血量

CO2CP carbon dioxide combing power 二氧化碳結(jié)合力

CMA Chinese Medical Association 中華醫(yī)學(xué)會(huì)

CPK creatine phosphokinase 肌酸磷酸激酶

CPR cardiopulmonary resuscitation 心肺復(fù)蘇

Cr creatinine 肌酐

CRP C reactive p rotein assay C 反應(yīng)蛋白測(cè)定

CRT capillary resistance test 毛細(xì)血管脆性試驗(yàn)(束臂試驗(yàn))

CRT clot retraction test 血塊收縮試驗(yàn)

CSF cerebrospinal fluid 腦脊(髓)液

CSFP cerebrospinal fluid p ressure 腦脊液壓力

CT computed tomography 計(jì)算機(jī)斷層掃描

CT coagulation time 凝血時(shí)間

CVP central venous p ressure 中心靜脈壓

D-2D dimensional echocardiogram dopp ler 多普勒二維超聲心動(dòng)圖

db decibel 分貝

DBP diastolic blood p ressure 舒張期血壓

DCG dynamic electrocardiography 動(dòng)態(tài)心電圖

2-DE two-dimensional echocardiogram 二維超聲心動(dòng)圖

D IC diffuse o r disseminated intravascular coagulation彌漫性血管內(nèi)凝血

DM diastolic murmur 舒張期雜音

DNA deoxyribonucleic acid 去氧核糖核酸

(王美德)