高永彬

用法復雜的詞匯常讓同學們感到頭疼。用法復雜的詞匯主要是指那些具有多種詞性和多種意義及搭配的詞匯，lack這個詞就屬于這一類。lack既可以用作名詞，意為“缺乏，不足”，又可以用作動詞，意為“缺乏，沒有，不足，需要”等。

【用法闡析】

1. 作名詞，意為“缺乏，不足”，常與介詞for/through或of連用，其常見搭配及句型有：

lack of + n. 缺乏……

for/through lack of + n. 因缺乏……

There is a lack of + n. 缺乏……

There is no lack of... 不乏……

如：Lack of money makes him nervous.金錢的缺乏使他焦躁不安。

If he fails，it wont be for/through lack of effort. 要是他失敗的話，那也不是因為他不努力。

I love life，very rational but there is no lack of passion. 我熱愛生活，很理性但又不乏激情。

2. 作動詞，意為“缺乏，沒有，不足，需要”等。

（1）vt. 缺乏，不足，沒有

如：He just lacks a little confidence. 他只是缺乏一點信心。

（2）vi. 缺乏，不足，需要

如：They lacked for nothing. 他們應(yīng)有盡有。

【用法拓展】

lacking adj. 短缺的，缺乏的。常用短語：be lacking in 缺乏……

如：Nothing is lacking but the will. 什么都不缺，就缺意志。

Since she is young，she is lacking in experience. 由于年輕，她缺乏經(jīng)驗。

例1 Many of our young workers ________ proper training.

A. are lacking in B. are lack

C. lack for D. lack of

解析：選A。lack不可作形容詞，排除B項；lack for常用于否定句，排除C項；lack of中的lack為名詞，不能作謂語，排除D項。

例2 Though ________ money，his parents managed to send him to university.

A. lacked B. lacking of

C. lacking D. lacked in

解析：選 C。though后省略了主語his parents和謂語were，用現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語，表示主動。A、D項錯在沒用現(xiàn)在分詞，所以不表示主動意義。B項錯在當lack of 表示缺少時，lack應(yīng)當作名詞。

【跟蹤練習】

1. Keep him at arms length，as he is a guy being lacking ________ honesty.

A. of B. on C. in D. about

2. —What caused the failure of the experiment？

—________.

A. Because of shortage of fund

B. For lack of fund

C. Lack of fund

D. Due to lack of fund

3. Im sorry，were ________ that kind of trousers. Would you come back next week？

A. short B. lacking C. in need D. short of

參考答案：1.C 2.C 3.D（責任編校/彭益）