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      Module 3 The Violence of Nature

      2014-02-28 07:38
      時代英語·高一 2014年1期
      關(guān)鍵詞:旱災(zāi)瑪雅邁克爾

      高考詞匯

      cause vt. 引起;導(dǎo)致

      ruin vt. 毀壞

      erupt vt. (火山的)爆發(fā);噴發(fā)

      experience vt. 經(jīng)歷

      bury vt. 埋葬

      strike vt. & n. (struck; struck/stricken)(雷電、

      暴風(fēng)雨等)襲擊

      occur vi. 發(fā)生

      possibility n. 可能;可能性

      furniture n. 家具

      flood n. 洪水

      feather n. 羽毛

      fur n. (動物的)皮毛

      wave n. 波浪

      ash n. 灰

      damage n. & vt. 損失;損害

      earthquake n. 地震

      disaster n. 災(zāi)難

      hurricane n. 颶風(fēng)

      lightning n. 閃電

      thunderstorm n. 雷暴

      tornado n. 龍卷風(fēng)

      eruption n. (火山的)爆發(fā);噴發(fā)

      volcano n. 火山

      active adj. 積極的;活躍的

      worldwide adj. 全世界的

      violent adj. 猛烈的;激烈的;強(qiáng)烈的

      previous adj. 以前的

      terrifying adj. 嚇人的;可怕的

      luckily adv. 幸運(yùn)地;幸虧

      thankfully adv. 感激地;滿懷感謝地

      hopefully adv. 滿懷希望地;有希望地

      sadly adv. 傷心地;不幸地

      fortunately adv. 幸運(yùn)地;幸虧

      常用短語

      pick up 卷起;掀起

      take off 去掉

      on average 平均起來

      end up 結(jié)果為……;以……結(jié)束

      set fire to 放火(焚燒)……

      catch fire 著火

      put out 撲滅(火)

      take place 發(fā)生

      in all 總共;總計(jì)

      continue to do sth 繼續(xù)做某事

      pour down 流下;(雨)傾盆而下

      manage to do sth 設(shè)法做成某事

      lose ones life 失去生命

      a total of 總共

      from side to side 從一邊到另一邊

      拓展詞匯

      warning n. 警告

      column n. 柱狀物;柱狀體

      current n. 海流;潮流

      latitude n. 緯度

      equator n. 赤道

      cemetery n. 墓地;公墓

      coffin n. 棺材

      lava n. 熔巖;巖漿

      tropical adj. 熱帶的

      rotating adj. 旋轉(zhuǎn)的;循環(huán)的

      tidal adj. 受潮水影響的;有漲落的

      過渡詞匯

      manage vt. & vi. 設(shè)法做到

      1. 學(xué)習(xí)過去完成時的被動語態(tài)。

      By the time the tornado ended, more than 700 people had been killed.

      Coghalm traveled back to Canada after he had been buried in Texa.

      2. 學(xué)習(xí)陳述句和一般疑問句變間接引語。

      詞匯短語園地

      1. experience n. 經(jīng)歷;體驗(yàn);感受;遭受

      vt. 經(jīng)歷;通過親身經(jīng)歷認(rèn)識到;體驗(yàn)到

      (1) vt. 經(jīng)歷;體驗(yàn),后面常接名詞或代詞作賓語。

      Have you ever experienced real hunger?

      你體驗(yàn)過真正的饑餓嗎?

      Our country has experienced great changes in the past ten years.

      在過去的十年里,我們的國家經(jīng)歷了巨大的變化。

      (2) n. 經(jīng)歷;經(jīng)歷的事(可數(shù))

      a common experience 共同的經(jīng)歷

      childhood experience 兒時的經(jīng)歷

      I have an unusual experience.

      我有一段不尋常的經(jīng)歷。

      experience用作不可數(shù)名詞時,意為“經(jīng)驗(yàn);體驗(yàn)”,其后常跟介詞in。

      She has no experience in cooking.

      她沒有下廚的經(jīng)驗(yàn)。

      I know it from experience. 我根據(jù)經(jīng)驗(yàn)了解此事

      (3) experienced有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的;熟練的,常與in,at連用。

      She has become quite experienced at/in teaching primary school students.

      她教小學(xué)生已經(jīng)很有經(jīng)驗(yàn)了。

      2. cause vt. 引起;導(dǎo)致;n. 原因;起因

      The childs headache may be caused by stress.

      那孩子的頭痛可能是壓力引起的。

      Im sorry to have caused you so much inconvenience.

      給你造成的諸多不便,我很抱歉。

      These causes led to a bad result.

      這些原因?qū)е铝瞬涣嫉暮蠊?/p>

      I dont think you have cause to worry.

      我認(rèn)為你沒有擔(dān)心的理由。

      比較:cause,excuse,reason的區(qū)別

      (1) cause指造成某現(xiàn)象、某結(jié)果的直接原因,常與effect連用。

      Can you tell me the cause and effect of it?

      你能不能告訴我它的前因后果?

      (2) excuse多指借口,用來推卸責(zé)任。

      I will not listen to any excuse. 我不會聽任何借口。

      (3) reason指通情達(dá)理、合乎情理地解釋某事或某現(xiàn)象的理由。

      My reason is that the cost will be too high.

      我的理由是費(fèi)用會太高。

      3. occur vi. 發(fā)生

      I hope this wont occur again.

      我希望不要再發(fā)生這種事情。

      比較:occur,take place,happen和break out的區(qū)別

      (1) occur是比較正式的用語,可用于具體或抽象的事件,在表示具體的事件時,可與happen換用。

      Im afraid that this would occur during my absence.

      = Im afraid that this would happen during my absence.

      恐怕這事會在我不在時發(fā)生。

      但是,如果表示“某想法”出現(xiàn)在人的頭腦之中,這時不能用happen代替。

      Just then a bright idea occurred to me.

      那時,我想到一個好主意。

      (2) take place通常指某事按計(jì)劃進(jìn)行或發(fā)生。

      The Olympic Games of 2012 will take place in London.

      2012年奧運(yùn)會將在倫敦舉行。

      (3) happen常指具體事件的發(fā)生,特別指那些偶然的或未能預(yù)見的“發(fā)生”。happen還可表示“碰巧;恰好”之意。

      New things are happening all around us.

      我們身邊總有新鮮事發(fā)生。

      It happened that I had no money on me.

      我剛好沒錢了。

      (4) break out表示戰(zhàn)爭、火災(zāi)、疾病、爭吵等的爆發(fā)。

      A big fire broke out last night. 昨晚發(fā)生了一場火災(zāi)。

      4. strike v. 打;擊;撞;觸(礁);(鐘)敲響;擦

      (火柴;打動(常用被動);感動;突然想到

      strike sb on the+身體部位,“打某人的某處”

      A stone struck me on the head.

      一塊石頭打中了我的頭。

      The boat struck on a rock.

      小船觸礁了。

      strike a match 劃火柴

      The visitors were struck by the beauty of the country.

      游客們被這鄉(xiāng)村的美麗打動了。

      A good idea struck the manager.

      經(jīng)理想到了一個好主意。

      strike a blow 打……一拳;擊中

      strike against(碰)撞在上面

      strike at 向……打去;襲去

      strike down 把……打倒在地;打死

      strike off 打掉;砍掉

      5. possibility n. 可能;可能性

      Is there any possibility that youll be back by the weekend?

      周末以前你有可能回來嗎?

      There is one possibility of changing a job.

      換工作是有可能的事。

      6. damage n. & v. 損失;損害

      It is estimated that the damage is over one million dollars. 據(jù)估計(jì),損失超過了一百萬美元。

      The boys skirted the field so as not to damage the crops.

      為了不損害莊稼,孩子們繞著田走。

      比較:ruin,destroy,damage的區(qū)別

      (1) destroy指“徹底毀壞以致不能或很難修復(fù)”。

      The school was completely destroyed by fire.

      學(xué)校被大火徹底燒毀了。

      All hopes of a peaceful settlement were destroyed by his speech.

      和平解決的一切希望都被他的講話毀滅了。

      (2) damage指“價值、用途降低或外表損壞”等,不一定全部破壞,為不可數(shù)名詞。

      His heart was slightly damaged as a result of the disease.

      由于疾病,他的心臟輕微受損。

      They managed to repair the houses that had been damaged.

      他們設(shè)法修復(fù)了受到破壞的房子。

      (3) ruin現(xiàn)在多用于比喻中,泛指一般的“毀壞”。

      Youll ruin your chance of getting that job if you wear that shirt for the interview!

      你如果穿那件襯衫面試,就會斷送得到工作的機(jī)會!

      7. warning n. 警告;警示;可引以為戒的事或人

      (可數(shù));事前告訴(有某種危險(xiǎn))(不可數(shù))

      give(a) warning 發(fā)出警告;事前通知

      The red light is a warning sign for stop.

      紅燈是警告停止行進(jìn)的信號。

      Let this be a warning to you.

      希望這件事能成為你的警戒。

      I had no warning of the danger.

      我事先沒有危險(xiǎn)的警告。

      worn v. 事前告訴(可能發(fā)生的事);使警惕

      warn against 讓……提防……

      warn about/of... 提醒、警告某人注意……

      warn off 讓不去;讓別做

      8. pick up 卷起;掀起;拾起;扶起(某人);收

      拾;(車船)中途搭(人);學(xué)會

      The boy picked up the hat for the old man.

      男孩替老人拾起了帽子。

      Grandma Li fell down onto the ground and I ran to pick her up at once.

      李奶奶跌倒在地,我趕緊跑過去扶她。

      You should pick up the tools after work.

      工作結(jié)束后你應(yīng)該把工具收拾好。

      The bus picks up commuters at three stops.

      公共汽車在三個站載送通勤者。

      He is picking up the skills quickly.

      他正在很快地掌握技術(shù)。

      9. take off 去掉;脫掉;起飛;減去;取消;移開;

      突然開始成功;開始走紅;休假

      Helens taking off her coat because it is too hot in the room.

      海倫脫去上衣,因?yàn)槲堇锾珶崃恕?/p>

      The plane took off so smoothly that the passengers could hardly feel it.

      飛機(jī)起飛得非常平穩(wěn),旅客幾乎感覺不出來。

      Your good news has taken a load off my mind.

      你的好消息卸下了我心頭的一塊石頭。

      10. end up 結(jié)果為……;以……結(jié)束

      If he carries on driving like that, hell end up dead.

      他照那樣開車,早晚得死于非命。

      end up with和end up in都意為“以……結(jié)束”,with指以某種方式結(jié)束,in后跟的是結(jié)果。

      If you do that, youll end up with egg on your face.

      你要是做那件事,必將以恥辱告終。

      If you continue to steal, youll end up in prison.

      你要是繼續(xù)行竊,終歸得進(jìn)監(jiān)獄。

      11. set fire to 放火(焚燒);激起;使激憤

      He set fire to his doormat to make the police take what he was saying more seriously.

      他把門墊點(diǎn)燃,是為了讓警察能把他說的當(dāng)回事兒。

      I believe the house was deliberately set fire to.

      我認(rèn)為有人蓄意放火燒這棟房子。

      The conversation set fire to his dreams.

      談話激發(fā)了他的夢想。

      Their action set fire to public opinion.

      他們的行動引起了激烈的輿論。

      12. catch fire 著火

      She was standing too close to the fireplace and her dress caught fire.

      她站得離壁爐太近了,衣服燒著了。

      His house caught fire last night.

      昨晚他家失火了。

      13. put out 撲滅(火);熄滅;伸出

      Put out the fire before going to bed.

      睡覺之前先熄掉火。

      Its dangerous to put out your hand now.

      現(xiàn)在你把手伸出去很危險(xiǎn)。

      14. in all 總共;總計(jì)

      We are fifty in all.

      我們總共五十人。

      There are fifteen books on the first shelf, twenty-one on the second, which makes thirty-six in all.

      書架的第一層有15本書,第二層有21本,總共是36本。

      The supreme happiness of life is the conviction that we are loved.

      —Victor Hugo

      生活中最大的幸福是堅(jiān)信有人愛我們。

      ——維克多·雨果(法國作家)

      跟蹤導(dǎo)練(一)

      閱讀理解

      After an earthquake most survivors can be expected to recover over time, especially with the support of family and friends. Some families will be able to return to their normal life quickly, but others will have to contend with the destruction of their homes, medical problems, and injury to family members. Children especially will need time to recover from the loss of a loved one or a pet or from the closing down of their school.

      Children often come to adults for information, comfort and help. Parents should try to remain calm, answer childrens questions honestly and remain understanding when they see changes in their childrens behavior.

      Children react differently to an earthquake depending on their ages, developmental levels and former experiences. Some will remain silent and not communicate with people, while others will have angry outbursts (爆發(fā)). Parents should keep an eye on each childs reactions. Parents should spend time talking to their children, letting them know that its OK to ask questions and to share their worries.

      Although it may be hard to find time to have these talks, parents can use regular family meal times or bed times for them. They should answer questions shortly and honestly and be sure to ask their children for their opinions and ideas. Problems may come up more than once and parents should remain patient when you answer the questions again. After talking about the earthquake with young children, parents might read their favorite story or have a relaxing family activity to help them calm down. Parents should also tell children they are safe and should spend more time with them. They could play games outside or read together indoors. Most importantly, be sure to tell them you love them.

      1. Whats the passage mainly about?

      A. What to do in an earthquake.

      B. How to prepare before an earthquake happens.

      C. How to face the loss of a loved one in an earthquake.

      D. How to help children recover mentally from an earthquake.

      2. What does the underlined part in Paragraph 1 mean?

      A. Deal with. B. Make up.

      C. Put off. D. Turn to.

      3. What should parents do when children ask the same question again?

      A. Take them out to play games.

      B. Ask them to do some housework.

      C. Read a favourite story to them.

      D. Be patient and answer the question again.

      4. What can we know from the passage?

      A. All people will recover from an earthquake quickly.

      B. Children react in the same way as adults do to an earthquake.

      C. Children may need a longer time to recover after an earth-quake.

      D. Children should turn to their classmates for help after an earthquake.

      選詞填空

      從下列方框里10個單詞中選擇8個適當(dāng)單詞的正確形式填入下列各句中,使其句意完整。每個單詞只使用一次。

      compose experience cause bury occur

      furniture rotating feather disaster entertaining

      1. What a frightful traffic ____ !

      2. I want some persons more ____ than Tom.

      3. Do you know what ____ the fire?

      4. Its time to ____ our differences and be friends again.

      5. When exactly did the incident ____ ?

      6. It took all day to transport the ____ to the new apartment.

      7. It can be used on ____ machinery and under water.

      8. The wind lifts the soft ____ on the little ducks head.

      句子翻譯

      1. 大雨在這個地區(qū)造成了水災(zāi)。

      2. 他脫下我的鞋子,讓我在桌子旁坐下來。

      3. 有一種可能,那就是這位老太太是被閃電擊中的。

      4. 你像那樣開車最后總要進(jìn)醫(yī)院的。

      單項(xiàng)選擇

      1. After the earthquake, we can see the ___ of the village.

      A. ruin B. ruins

      C. damage D. damages

      2. The police found that the house ___ and a lot of things ___ .

      A. has broken into; been stolen

      B. had broken into; been stolen

      C. has been broken into; stolen

      D. had been broken into; stolen

      3. What caused those apples ___ to the ground?

      A. fall B. falling

      C. to fall D. fell

      4. Her tears ___ when Margret heard the bad news that her husband died in the battle.

      A. flew B. flowed

      C. occurred D. moved

      5. Through the satellites, we can send and ___ messages.

      A. pick up B. pick out

      C. take up D. take in

      6. The heavy rain poured down from the sky, ___ 70 deaths.

      A. having caused B. caused

      C. having been caused D. causing

      7. If you want to get a rise in salary, youd better ___ yourself in your work first.

      A. strike B. bury

      C. have D. concentrate

      8. John ___ the thief ___ the nose before he could run away.

      A. hit; in B. beat; at

      C. hit; on D. struck; in

      9. — Are you for this plan, Jane?

      — ___ . Ill have to think it over.

      A. Its hard to say B. Its possible

      C. Of course not D. No, I wont

      10. Did it ever ___ to you that they might be punished for being late?

      A. strike B. occur

      C. happen D. appear

      跟蹤導(dǎo)練(二)

      選詞填空

      從下列方框里10個單詞中選擇8個適當(dāng)單詞的正確形式填入下列各句中,使其句意完整。每個單詞只使用一次。

      sad violent ruin adopt terrifying

      erupt strike earthquake previous observe

      1. The boat sank in a(n) ____ storm in the sea.

      2. The heavy rain ____ our holiday.

      3. Have you had ____ working experience?

      4. An active volcano may ____ at any time.

      5. Unfortunately he was ____ by lightning.

      6. Many people are still buried alive after the ____ .

      7. The thought of dying slowly and painfully ____ us.

      8. ____ , the queen was very sick.

      句子翻譯

      1. 平均每天有二十個男生出席。

      2. 他們放火燒了房子,可我們把火撲滅了。

      3. 那幢樓房昨天夜里起火了,現(xiàn)在還燒著。

      4. 沒人可以確定一百萬年后人類會是什么樣子。

      單項(xiàng)選擇

      1. Encourage your children to try new things,but try not to ___ them too hard.

      A. draw B. strike

      C. pull D. push

      2. At the end of the meeting, it was announced that an agreement ___ .

      A. has been reached B. had been reached

      C. has reached D. had reached

      3. The new bridge ___ by the end of last month.

      A. has been designed B. had been designed

      C. was designed D. would be designed

      4. — How long ___ at this job ?

      — Since 2006.

      A. were you employed

      B. have you been employed

      C. had you been employed

      D. will you be employed

      5. It is said that the early European playing-cards ___ for enter-tainment and education.

      A. designed B. had designed

      C. have been designed D. were designed

      6. The students ___ busily when Miss Brown went to get a book she ___ in the office.

      A. had written; left B. were writing; left

      C. had written; had left D. were writing; had left

      7. With the governments aid, those ___ by the earthquake have moved to the new settlements.

      A. affect B. affecting

      C. affected D. were affected

      8. Its the third time youve been late this week and I wont listen to any excuse youve ___ .

      A. turned up B. made up

      C. picked up D. come up

      9. His mother arrived two hours previous ___ his arrival.

      A. to B. with

      C. by D. at

      10. — Is it all right if I keep this photo?

      — ___ .

      A. No, you dont B. Im afraid not

      C. No, it shouldnt D. Dont keep it

      完形填空

      Paracutin was born in Mexico in February, 1943. At the end of one week Paracutin was 500 feet high, and it is now over 9,000 feet high. Today Paracutin is 1 .

      What is Paracutin? It was the first volcano in the world which was seen from its birth right up to the 2 day. One Saturday afternoon in February, 1943, a farmer in Mexico stopped working for a moment and looked 3 his fields of corn. Suddenly he saw a thin line of white smoke rising up out of his field, about 200 feet from where he stood. 4 he went toward the smoke to see what it was, he heard a strange 5 . The line of smoke became bigger.

      The farmer rushed home to get his wife. While he was urging (催促) his wife to hurry from the house, the earth shook 6 . When he stood up after the earth 7 shaking, he looked across the field and saw that great fire was 8 from his corn field. A volcano was being born!

      They hurried across the shaking earth to the 9 , which was near their farm. They found the village was seriously destroyed and the road from the village filled with 10 people hurrying to safety.

      Paracutin did not become 11 that night. The volcano lit up the sky for miles 12 . Flames rushed out of the ground. The volcano threw 13 stones a thousand feet through the air.Heavy black ashes fell from the sky, 14 roofs in Mexico City 180 miles away.

      But that was not 15 . Next there was lava. On the third evening a flow of lava began to 16 up from the centre of the volcano. It travelled slowly across the village, bringing 17 to everything that could not 18 from its path.

      The volcano 19 for ten years and hundreds of square miles of forest were 20 . Then Paracutin went to sleep.

      1. A. asleep B. active C. noisy D. dead

      2. A. old B. present C. early D. ancient

      3. A. over B. after C. across D. through

      4. A. Before B. Once C. Since D. As

      5. A. call B. voice C. noise D. shout

      6. A. violently B. deeply C. seriously D. crazily

      7. A. continued B. stopped C. started D. forgot

      8. A. climbing B. erupting C. rising D. flying

      9. A. village B. field C. town D. house

      10. A. anxious B. frightened C. crazy D. worried

      11. A. small B. bright C. active D. dark

      12. A. away B. around C. far D. outward

      13. A. hard B. heavy C. hot D. huge

      14. A. buring B. shaking C. breaking D. covering

      15. A. all B. end C. beginning D. whole

      16. A. burn B. boil C. turn D. melt

      17. A. death B. life C. hope D. protection

      18. A. run B. take C. move D. stay

      19. A. grew B. worked C. stood D. lasted

      20. A. polluted B. cut C. destroyed D. damaged

      跟蹤導(dǎo)練(三)

      選詞填空

      從下列方框里10個單詞中選擇8個適當(dāng)單詞的正確形式填入下列各句中,使其句意完整。每個單詞只使用一次。

      set average warn terrify catch

      possibility lucky bury hopeful concentrate

      1. Is there any ____ of getting to London this week?

      2. The tidal wave formed a(n) ____ wall of water.

      3. I arrived late but ____ , the meeting had been delayed.

      4. Laughing for a while, they went on ____ the fallen flowers.

      5. The dog waited ____ beside the table for some food.

      6. On ____ , a powerful earthquake occurs less than once every two years.

      7. When the restaurant ____ fire, the diners ran into the street.

      8. My father was ____ by the villagers that he was in great danger.

      句子翻譯

      1. 老師說過太陽東升西落。

      2. 過去十年間我的家鄉(xiāng)發(fā)生了巨大的變化。

      3. 我正要劃火柴時就想起了湯姆的警告。

      4. 地震造成了極大的損害。總共有四百人喪生。

      單項(xiàng)選擇

      1. Children need many things, but ___ they need love.

      A. in all B. above all

      C. as well D. after all

      2. The clock was beginning to ___ twelve and everybody held their breath.

      A. hit B. strike

      C. point D. beat

      3. — Has your brother finished his homework today?

      — I have no idea. He ___ it this morning.

      A. had done B. was doing

      C. did D. has done

      4. The accident ___ to the man who ___ to be a foreigner,so it was hard to deal with.

      A. occurred; occurred B. happened; occurred

      C. came about; happened D. occurred; happened

      5. By the time I ___ back they ___ up ten satellites.

      A. came; have sent B. came; had sent

      C. come; have sent D. had come; sent

      6. Millions of pounds worth of damage ___ by a storm which swept across this city last night.

      A. will be caused B. will have been caused

      C. had been caused D. has been caused

      7. Can you make sure ___ ?

      A. that he comes here today

      B. when will he come here today

      C. if he comes here today

      D. how will he come here today

      8. Id like to know ___ Chinese.

      A. when he began to learn

      B. when did he begin to learn

      C. when did he begin learning

      D. for how long he began to learn

      9. Excuse me, but can you tell me ___ ?

      A. where can I get to the library

      B. where I can get to the library

      C. how can I get to the library

      D. how I can get to the library

      10. — Can you read the sign, sir? No smoking allowed in the lift!

      — ___ .

      A. Never mind B. Dont mention it

      C. Sure, I dont smoke D. Pardon me

      閱讀表達(dá)(閱讀下面短文,并按照題目要求用英語回答問題。)

      Two traveling angels stopped to spend the night in the house of a wealthy family.

      The family was rude and refused to let the angels stay in the mansions guest room. Instead the angels were given a small space in a cold basement.

      As they made their bed on the hard floor, the older angel saw a hole in the wall and repaired it. When the younger angel asked why, the older angel replied, “Things arent always what they seem.”

      The next night the pair came to rest in the house of a very poor, but very hospitable farmer and his wife.

      After sharing supper together the couple let the angels sleep in their bed where they could have a good nights rest.

      When the sun came out the next morning the angels found the farmer and his wife in tears. Their only cow, whose milk had been their sole income, lay dead in the field.

      The younger angel was angry and asked the older angel how she could have let this happen? “The first man had everything, yet you helped him,” she accused. The second family had little but helped us a lot, and you let the cow die.

      “Things arent always what they seem,” the older angel replied. “When we stayed in the basement of the mansion, I noticed there was gold stored in that hole in the wall. Since the owner was so greedy and unwilling to share, I sealed the wall so he wouldnt find it. Then last night as we slept in the farmers bed, the angel of death came for his wife. I gave him the cow instead.”

      Things arent always what they seem. Sometimes that is exactly what happens when things dont turn out the way they should. If you have faith, you just need to trust that every outcome is always to your advantage. You just might not know it until some time later.

      1. Where did the two angels spend their first night? (within 8 words)

      2. Why were the farmer and his wife so sad the next morning? (within 9 words)

      3. Why didnt the older angle help the rich family? (within 10 words)

      4. Why did the older angel let the cow die? (within 9 words)

      5. What were in the hole of the wall in the wealthy family? (1 word)

      跟蹤導(dǎo)練(四)

      閱讀理解

      First the ground shook in Haiti, then Chile and Turkey. The earthquakes kept coming hard and fast last year, causing people to wonder if something bad was happening underfoot. Its not.

      While it may seem as if there are more earthquakes occurring, there really arent. The problem is whats happening above ground, not underground, experts say.

      More people are moving into big cities that happen to be built in quake zones, and theyre rapidly putting up buildings that cant withstand earthquakes, scientists believe.

      And around-the-clock news report and better earthquake monitoring make it seem as if earthquakes are ever-present.

      On average, there are 134 earthquakes a year that have a magnitude between 6.0 and 6.9, according to the US Geological Survey. Last year was off to a fast start with 40—more than in most years for that time period.

      But thats because the 8.8 quake in Chile generated a large number of strong aftershocks, and so many quakes early this year skews (扭曲) the picture, said Paul Earle, a US seismologist (地震學(xué)家).

      Also, its not the number of quakes, but their devastating (破壞性的) impacts that gain attention, with the death largely due to construction standards and crowding, Earle added. “Earthquakes dont kill people, buildings do,” he said.

      There have been more deaths over the past years from earthquakes, said University of Colorado geologist Roger Bilham. Bilham called for better construction standards in the worlds big cities.

      Developing nations, where populations are growing, dont pay attention to earthquake, Bilham said. “If you have a problem feeding yourself, youre not really going to worry about earthquakes.”

      Another reason quakes seem worse is that were paying attention more. The Haiti earthquake quickly followed by the 8.8 in Chile made everyone start to think.

      But it wont last, said US disaster researcher Deniis Mileti. “People are paying attention to the violent planet weve always lived on,” Mileti said. “Come back in another six months if there has been no earthquakes, most people will have forgotten it again.”

      1. The main idea of the passage is the reasons why ___ .

      A. earthquakes are so devastating.

      B. the number of earthquakes increased last year.

      C. earthquakes seemed to be more serious last year.

      D. recent earthquakes have struck large cities.

      2. Which of the following is the reason for the seeming increase in earthquakes?

      A. Greater underground activity.

      B. Around-the-clock news report.

      C. Worse earthquake monitoring.

      D. A larger number of huge buildings.

      3. Which of the following statements is true?

      A. There is an evil force below the worlds surface.

      B. Large cities are always built in quake zones.

      C. The earthquake in Chili caused many aftershocks.

      D. More attention has been paid to the earthquakes in developing countries.

      4. What can mainly cause the greater damage of earthquakes?

      A. Large cities.

      B. Larger earthquakes.

      C. Not enough warnings about earthquakes.

      D. Poor construction standards and overcrowding.

      選詞填空

      從下列方框里10個單詞中選擇8個適當(dāng)單詞的正確形式填入下列各句中,使其句意完整。每個單詞只使用一次。

      affect worldwide position active damage

      fortunately warn movement cause feature

      1. The radio gave a ____ of bad weather.

      2. The Internet is a(n) ____ computer network.

      3. She is wonderfully ____ for her age.

      4. Most of the ____ was caused by your sister, who was to blame.

      5. ____ , the fire was discovered soon after it had started.

      6. Scientists study the earthquake because it ____ our lives in many ways.

      7. She was the quick-footed and energetic in all her ____ .

      8. A heavy lorry broke down on the motorway, ____ long delays.

      句子翻譯

      1. 這一事故把汽車損壞得很厲害。

      2. 地震是地球上最有威力的事件之一,其后果可能是令人恐怖的。

      3. 樹葉被風(fēng)卷起,在空中飄著。

      4. 老婦人說城里發(fā)生了大變化,還修建了許多新學(xué)校。

      單項(xiàng)選擇

      1. Why are you so anxious? It isnt your problem ___ .

      A. on purpose B. in all

      C. in total D. after all

      2. The two exhibitions attracted ___ 14,495 visitors.

      A. a total of B. on average

      C. at all D. a number of

      3. Tom had to have his car repaired because it ___ seriously.

      A. damaged B. had damaged

      C. was being damaged D. had been damaged

      4. When the fireman arrived, the office building ___ for an hour.

      A. had been on fire B. was on fire

      C. had caught fire D. had been caught fire

      5. ___ is no possibility ___ Jim can get that job.

      A. It; whether B. There; that

      C. There; whether D. It; that

      6. The policeman warned us ___ the danger we would meet. However, we didnt pay attention to the ___ .

      A. at; warning B. at; warnings

      C. of; warning D. of; warnings

      7. I am really terrified ___ being left alone in that house.

      A. in B. of

      C. with D. by

      8. Mike didnt play football yesterday because he had ___ his leg.

      A. struck B. broken

      C. damaged D. ruined

      9. — Putting on a happy face not only helps us make friends but

      also makes us feel better.

      — ___ .

      A. Im with you on that B. Id love to

      C. Its up to you D. Its my pleasure

      10. Teenagers ___ their health because they play computer games too much.

      A. have damaged B. damaged

      C. are damaging D. will damage

      Climate Change Has Helped Bring Down Cultures

      氣候變化導(dǎo)致文化衰落

      Epidemiologist Anthony McMichael of Australian National University surveyed how human societies fared during previous episodes of extreme weather brought on by climate shifts. The big threat is changes to food production. And weve never weathered a climate change so big, so rapid and so widespread as the one we are now busily creating by burning fossil fuels, notes McMichael.

      澳大利亞國立大學(xué)的流行病理學(xué)家安東尼·麥克邁克爾調(diào)查了在氣候變化造成的一連串極端天氣情況下,人類社會是如何生存的。他認(rèn)為,食物生產(chǎn)的變化是一個極大的威脅。他還指出,我們使用礦物燃料對氣候造成的影響,規(guī)模之大、速度之快、傳播之廣,是前所未有的。

      Long-running climate changes have often brought about the downfall of cultures, including foiling the earliest human attempts at settled farming nearly 13,000 years ago. Around that time, a major millennia-long climate cooling event known as the “Younger Dryas” coincides with the end of most settlements along the Nile Delta and in modern-day Syria. Skeletons from the era evince “an unusually high proportion of violent deaths, many accompanied by remnants of weapons,” McMichael noted. More recently, three back-to-back decades-long droughts afflicted Mayan society in Central America between roughly 760 and 920 A.D., and marked the end of that cultures regional dominance.

      長期的氣候變化已造成文化的衰落,包括粉碎1.3萬年前早期人類想要安頓下來務(wù)農(nóng)的打算。在尼羅河三角洲地帶與現(xiàn)今的敘利亞地區(qū)就曾發(fā)生了“新仙女木事件”(一次嚴(yán)重而漫長的降溫期)。麥克邁克爾指出,那個時期的骨骼顯示出“極高的暴力死亡率,并伴有大量的武器殘骸”。大約在公元760年到公元920年間,連續(xù)三次長達(dá)幾十年的旱災(zāi)對中美洲的瑪雅社會造成了巨大打擊,標(biāo)志著瑪雅文明對該地區(qū)的統(tǒng)治結(jié)束。

      Culture destruction caused by shorter-term climate changes have proven equally devastating. Decade-long drought in 17th century China led to starvation, internal migration and, ultimately, one factor of the collapse of the Ming Dynasty. A seven-year span of torrential rains, attendant floods and cold in the early 1300s helped cause a famine that may have killed as much as 10 percent of the people in northern Europe—a generation that would then face the Black Death a few decades later.

      短期的氣候變化已被證明對文化具有同樣的破壞性。在17世紀(jì)中國發(fā)生的一場長達(dá)十年的旱災(zāi),導(dǎo)致饑荒和境內(nèi)遷移,使其成為明朝衰落的一個原因。14世紀(jì)早期,一場跨度七年的暴雨,以及隨之而來的洪水和寒潮帶來的饑荒,可能使北歐10%的人口死亡。在其后幾十年,那一代人所面對的是黑死病。

      5. ___ is no possibility ___ Jim can get that job.

      A. It; whether B. There; that

      C. There; whether D. It; that

      6. The policeman warned us ___ the danger we would meet. However, we didnt pay attention to the ___ .

      A. at; warning B. at; warnings

      C. of; warning D. of; warnings

      7. I am really terrified ___ being left alone in that house.

      A. in B. of

      C. with D. by

      8. Mike didnt play football yesterday because he had ___ his leg.

      A. struck B. broken

      C. damaged D. ruined

      9. — Putting on a happy face not only helps us make friends but

      also makes us feel better.

      — ___ .

      A. Im with you on that B. Id love to

      C. Its up to you D. Its my pleasure

      10. Teenagers ___ their health because they play computer games too much.

      A. have damaged B. damaged

      C. are damaging D. will damage

      Climate Change Has Helped Bring Down Cultures

      氣候變化導(dǎo)致文化衰落

      Epidemiologist Anthony McMichael of Australian National University surveyed how human societies fared during previous episodes of extreme weather brought on by climate shifts. The big threat is changes to food production. And weve never weathered a climate change so big, so rapid and so widespread as the one we are now busily creating by burning fossil fuels, notes McMichael.

      澳大利亞國立大學(xué)的流行病理學(xué)家安東尼·麥克邁克爾調(diào)查了在氣候變化造成的一連串極端天氣情況下,人類社會是如何生存的。他認(rèn)為,食物生產(chǎn)的變化是一個極大的威脅。他還指出,我們使用礦物燃料對氣候造成的影響,規(guī)模之大、速度之快、傳播之廣,是前所未有的。

      Long-running climate changes have often brought about the downfall of cultures, including foiling the earliest human attempts at settled farming nearly 13,000 years ago. Around that time, a major millennia-long climate cooling event known as the “Younger Dryas” coincides with the end of most settlements along the Nile Delta and in modern-day Syria. Skeletons from the era evince “an unusually high proportion of violent deaths, many accompanied by remnants of weapons,” McMichael noted. More recently, three back-to-back decades-long droughts afflicted Mayan society in Central America between roughly 760 and 920 A.D., and marked the end of that cultures regional dominance.

      長期的氣候變化已造成文化的衰落,包括粉碎1.3萬年前早期人類想要安頓下來務(wù)農(nóng)的打算。在尼羅河三角洲地帶與現(xiàn)今的敘利亞地區(qū)就曾發(fā)生了“新仙女木事件”(一次嚴(yán)重而漫長的降溫期)。麥克邁克爾指出,那個時期的骨骼顯示出“極高的暴力死亡率,并伴有大量的武器殘骸”。大約在公元760年到公元920年間,連續(xù)三次長達(dá)幾十年的旱災(zāi)對中美洲的瑪雅社會造成了巨大打擊,標(biāo)志著瑪雅文明對該地區(qū)的統(tǒng)治結(jié)束。

      Culture destruction caused by shorter-term climate changes have proven equally devastating. Decade-long drought in 17th century China led to starvation, internal migration and, ultimately, one factor of the collapse of the Ming Dynasty. A seven-year span of torrential rains, attendant floods and cold in the early 1300s helped cause a famine that may have killed as much as 10 percent of the people in northern Europe—a generation that would then face the Black Death a few decades later.

      短期的氣候變化已被證明對文化具有同樣的破壞性。在17世紀(jì)中國發(fā)生的一場長達(dá)十年的旱災(zāi),導(dǎo)致饑荒和境內(nèi)遷移,使其成為明朝衰落的一個原因。14世紀(jì)早期,一場跨度七年的暴雨,以及隨之而來的洪水和寒潮帶來的饑荒,可能使北歐10%的人口死亡。在其后幾十年,那一代人所面對的是黑死病。

      5. ___ is no possibility ___ Jim can get that job.

      A. It; whether B. There; that

      C. There; whether D. It; that

      6. The policeman warned us ___ the danger we would meet. However, we didnt pay attention to the ___ .

      A. at; warning B. at; warnings

      C. of; warning D. of; warnings

      7. I am really terrified ___ being left alone in that house.

      A. in B. of

      C. with D. by

      8. Mike didnt play football yesterday because he had ___ his leg.

      A. struck B. broken

      C. damaged D. ruined

      9. — Putting on a happy face not only helps us make friends but

      also makes us feel better.

      — ___ .

      A. Im with you on that B. Id love to

      C. Its up to you D. Its my pleasure

      10. Teenagers ___ their health because they play computer games too much.

      A. have damaged B. damaged

      C. are damaging D. will damage

      Climate Change Has Helped Bring Down Cultures

      氣候變化導(dǎo)致文化衰落

      Epidemiologist Anthony McMichael of Australian National University surveyed how human societies fared during previous episodes of extreme weather brought on by climate shifts. The big threat is changes to food production. And weve never weathered a climate change so big, so rapid and so widespread as the one we are now busily creating by burning fossil fuels, notes McMichael.

      澳大利亞國立大學(xué)的流行病理學(xué)家安東尼·麥克邁克爾調(diào)查了在氣候變化造成的一連串極端天氣情況下,人類社會是如何生存的。他認(rèn)為,食物生產(chǎn)的變化是一個極大的威脅。他還指出,我們使用礦物燃料對氣候造成的影響,規(guī)模之大、速度之快、傳播之廣,是前所未有的。

      Long-running climate changes have often brought about the downfall of cultures, including foiling the earliest human attempts at settled farming nearly 13,000 years ago. Around that time, a major millennia-long climate cooling event known as the “Younger Dryas” coincides with the end of most settlements along the Nile Delta and in modern-day Syria. Skeletons from the era evince “an unusually high proportion of violent deaths, many accompanied by remnants of weapons,” McMichael noted. More recently, three back-to-back decades-long droughts afflicted Mayan society in Central America between roughly 760 and 920 A.D., and marked the end of that cultures regional dominance.

      長期的氣候變化已造成文化的衰落,包括粉碎1.3萬年前早期人類想要安頓下來務(wù)農(nóng)的打算。在尼羅河三角洲地帶與現(xiàn)今的敘利亞地區(qū)就曾發(fā)生了“新仙女木事件”(一次嚴(yán)重而漫長的降溫期)。麥克邁克爾指出,那個時期的骨骼顯示出“極高的暴力死亡率,并伴有大量的武器殘骸”。大約在公元760年到公元920年間,連續(xù)三次長達(dá)幾十年的旱災(zāi)對中美洲的瑪雅社會造成了巨大打擊,標(biāo)志著瑪雅文明對該地區(qū)的統(tǒng)治結(jié)束。

      Culture destruction caused by shorter-term climate changes have proven equally devastating. Decade-long drought in 17th century China led to starvation, internal migration and, ultimately, one factor of the collapse of the Ming Dynasty. A seven-year span of torrential rains, attendant floods and cold in the early 1300s helped cause a famine that may have killed as much as 10 percent of the people in northern Europe—a generation that would then face the Black Death a few decades later.

      短期的氣候變化已被證明對文化具有同樣的破壞性。在17世紀(jì)中國發(fā)生的一場長達(dá)十年的旱災(zāi),導(dǎo)致饑荒和境內(nèi)遷移,使其成為明朝衰落的一個原因。14世紀(jì)早期,一場跨度七年的暴雨,以及隨之而來的洪水和寒潮帶來的饑荒,可能使北歐10%的人口死亡。在其后幾十年,那一代人所面對的是黑死病。

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