∷曾泰元
《牛津英語詞典》(The Oxford English Dictionary)依歷史原則編纂,是英語世界最大、最權(quán)威的英語詞典。自2010年底整合資源,更新條目、定義與書證后,以在線版的形式重新問世。在線版《牛津英語詞典》收錄了約300個源自中文的詞匯,或音譯(loanword)或借譯(loan translation)。
從2013年第8期開始,作者每期介紹兩條,照登《牛津英語詞典》的定義并加以翻譯,解釋其詞源,挑選精當(dāng)?shù)臅C,以英漢雙語的方式呈現(xiàn)。
【詞源】[< Chinese tuīná (early 17th cent.) 【定義】n. In traditional Chinese medicine: a type of therapeutic massage, incorporating the principles of acupressure and qigong, used to treat muscle or joint pain and other ailments. 在中醫(yī)里,指的是一種結(jié)合指壓與氣功原理的治療式按摩,用來治療肌肉關(guān)節(jié)疼痛和其他疾病。 【書證】 Tui-Na is very hard to learn and very hard to teach.推拿極難學(xué)也極難教。──美國《芝加哥論壇報》(Chicago Tribune),1979/3/7 Tuina works on muscle and bone problems... as well as internal ailments. 推拿能治療肌肉和骨頭的毛病,對體內(nèi)的病痛也能見效。──美國《俄勒岡人報》(The Oregonian),1988/10/13 【詞源】[translating Chinese chìjiǎoyīshēng, 【定義】n. a paramedical worker with basic medical training, esp. one working in rural China. 受過基礎(chǔ)醫(yī)學(xué)訓(xùn)練的準(zhǔn)醫(yī)護(hù)人員,尤指在中國農(nóng)村地區(qū)行醫(yī)者。 【書證】 The term ‘barefoot doctor’ is now known the world over. It seems that it was first used in the Chiangchen People’s Commune on the outskirts of Shanghai in 1965,where a medical team started teaching young farmers to perform some medical tasks. “赤腳醫(yī)生”現(xiàn)在全球皆知,這個說法似乎最早出現(xiàn)于1965年上海郊區(qū)的江鎮(zhèn)公社。當(dāng)時有個醫(yī)療團(tuán)隊(duì)進(jìn)駐,開始教導(dǎo)年輕農(nóng)民執(zhí)行一些醫(yī)療任務(wù)。──美國《自然》期刊(Nature),1975/8/21 Sarawak’s own ‘barefoot doctors’…are given up to three years paramedical training. 沙撈越自己的“赤腳醫(yī)生”最多要受三年的準(zhǔn)醫(yī)療訓(xùn)練。──英國《泰晤士報》(The Times),1976/8/31barefoot doctor 赤腳醫(yī)生