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      河北宣化姜家寨鐵礦床串嶺溝組底部碎屑鋯石LA-MC-ICP-MS U-Pb年齡及其地質(zhì)意義**

      2014-03-14 06:47:40段超李延河魏明輝楊云侯可軍陳小丹鄒斌DUANChaoLIYanHeWEIMingHuiYANGYunHOUKeJunCHENXiaoDanandZOUBin
      巖石學(xué)報(bào) 2014年1期
      關(guān)鍵詞:年代學(xué)克拉通華北

      段超 李延河 魏明輝 楊云 侯可軍 陳小丹 鄒斌DUAN Chao, LI YanHe, WEI MingHui, YANG Yun, HOU KeJun, CHEN XiaoDan and ZOU Bin

      1. 國(guó)土資源部成礦作用和資源評(píng)價(jià)重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室,中國(guó)地質(zhì)科學(xué)院礦產(chǎn)資源研究所,北京 1000372. 河北省地勘局第三地質(zhì)大隊(duì),張家口 0750001. MLR Key Laboratory of Metallogeny and Mineral Assessment, Institute of Mineral Resources, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Beijing 100037, China2. The 3rd Geological Team of Hebei Geology and Mining Bureau, Zhangjiakou 075000, China2013-09-10 收稿, 2013-11-25 改回.

      1 引言

      華北克拉通是全球最古老的克拉通之一,具有3.8Ga的漫長(zhǎng)的演化歷史, 經(jīng)歷了多階段的構(gòu)造演化和強(qiáng)烈的變質(zhì)改造,記錄了幾乎所有的地殼早期演化與中生代以來(lái)的重大構(gòu)造事件(翟明國(guó),2004,2008,2012;Zhaoetal.,2005;Luetal., 2008;吳昌華,2007;王惠初等,2011;鄭永飛和吳福元,2009;朱日祥和鄭天愉,2009)(圖1)。目前,對(duì)華北克拉通前寒武紀(jì)演化過(guò)程的認(rèn)識(shí)仍存在較多的爭(zhēng)議(翟明國(guó),2012;翟明國(guó)和彭澎,2007;Kusky and Li,2003;Polatetal., 2006;Li and Kusky,2007;Zhaoetal., 2001,2005,2012;Kr?neretal., 2005a,b)。通過(guò)對(duì)華北克拉通沉積巖、變質(zhì)巖和巖漿巖的鋯石年代學(xué)研究,逐步精確地厘定了華北克拉通地質(zhì)演化序列,以及前寒武紀(jì)地層的形成時(shí)代框架(李懷坤等,2011;和政軍等,2011)。

      華北克拉通前寒武紀(jì)礦產(chǎn)資源豐富,鐵、稀土、鉛鋅、菱鎂礦等儲(chǔ)量巨大,其形成與克拉通的演化關(guān)系密切,表現(xiàn)出特征的時(shí)空分布規(guī)律(翟明國(guó),2010;沈保豐等,2006)。鐵礦床是華北克拉通前寒武紀(jì)最重要的礦產(chǎn)之一,條帶狀硅鐵建造(BIF)型鐵礦床是華北克拉通前寒武紀(jì)的標(biāo)志性礦產(chǎn),其資源儲(chǔ)量約占我國(guó)沉積變質(zhì)型鐵礦總量的80%,形成時(shí)代集中于2.5~2.6Ga(趙一鳴,2013;李延河等,2011,2012;李厚民等,2012;萬(wàn)渝生等,2012;張連昌等,2012;沈保豐,2012)。此后發(fā)育的鐵礦床主要有與斜長(zhǎng)雜巖體有關(guān)的釩-鈦-鐵-磷礦床(大廟式)(1720Ma前后)(孫靜等,2009;趙太平等,2004;Yeetal.,1996;周永昶和袁朝,1989)、與陸緣-淺海沉積有關(guān)的沉積型鐵礦床(宣龍式)以及白云鄂博稀土-鈮-鐵礦床。

      圖2 樣品標(biāo)本采樣位置(a、b)及顯微鏡下照片(c、d)Fig.2 Outcrop photos of the sandshale (a, b) and its micrographs (c, d)

      其中,宣龍式鐵礦床是我國(guó)鐵礦床中沉積成因鐵礦床的重要代表,盡管其形成規(guī)模較小,但形成于克拉通兩次重要事件(25億年、18億年)之后,是華北克拉通前寒武紀(jì)成巖成礦作用的一部分,對(duì)成礦作用演化及地質(zhì)構(gòu)造環(huán)境演化的研究具有重要的標(biāo)示意義。但是,目前對(duì)它的形成時(shí)代以及與其他前寒武紀(jì)鐵礦床成因聯(lián)系等方面的研究較少。宣龍式鐵礦主要發(fā)育于河北宣化一帶,賦存于中元古代串嶺溝組底部。本文對(duì)宣化姜家寨宣龍式鐵礦床頂部砂頁(yè)巖中碎屑鋯石進(jìn)行年代學(xué)研究以期約束宣龍式鐵礦床的成礦時(shí)代,并為揭示華北克拉通中元古代前的演化提供新證據(jù)。

      2 地質(zhì)背景和樣品特征

      根據(jù)目前比較流行的一種觀點(diǎn),華北克拉通可劃分為三個(gè)次級(jí)構(gòu)造單元:東部陸塊、西部陸塊和中部造山帶(Zhaoetal., 2001,2005)。其中,中部帶以信陽(yáng)-開(kāi)封-石家莊-建平斷裂帶和華山-離石-大同-多倫斷裂帶分別與東、西陸塊為界。姜家寨鐵礦床屬于宣龍式鐵礦,地處宣化以西45km、龍關(guān)鎮(zhèn)以南8km,位于華北克拉通中部帶北部(圖1),燕山臺(tái)褶帶宣龍復(fù)式向斜中。鐵礦床呈層狀賦存于長(zhǎng)城系串嶺溝組底部砂頁(yè)巖。該層砂頁(yè)巖在宣化地區(qū)廣泛分布,有的地段碳含量較高,呈黑色,富鉀。測(cè)試樣品采自礦體頂板砂頁(yè)巖(圖2),采樣點(diǎn)地理座標(biāo)為E115°34′54.66″,N40°42′24.73″。巖性為砂頁(yè)巖,呈塊狀構(gòu)造,夾薄層砂巖(1~2cm),主要組成礦物為石英(30%~35%)、泥質(zhì)成分約60%,含少量的長(zhǎng)石、綠泥石和白云母等(圖2)。

      3 測(cè)試方法與結(jié)果

      3.1 測(cè)試方法

      測(cè)試樣品經(jīng)破碎后,通過(guò)常規(guī)重力和磁選方法分選出鋯石,在雙目鏡下挑選。將待測(cè)鋯石顆粒置于環(huán)氧樹(shù)脂中制靶,然后磨至一半,用于透射、反射、陰極發(fā)光(CL)圖像分析和U-Pb定年測(cè)試。鋯石陰極發(fā)光圖像分析在中國(guó)地質(zhì)科學(xué)院地質(zhì)研究所離子探針中心HITACHI S3000-N型掃描電子顯微鏡上完成。

      圖3 姜家寨宣龍式鐵礦串嶺溝組底部砂頁(yè)巖典型碎屑鋯石陰極發(fā)光照片與年齡數(shù)據(jù)Fig.3 Ages and cathodoluminescence images of zircons from the lower part of the Chuanlinggou Formation in Jiangjiazhai iron deposit

      LA-MC-ICP-MS鋯石U-Pb定年測(cè)試分析在中國(guó)地質(zhì)科學(xué)院礦產(chǎn)資源研究所MC-ICP-MS實(shí)驗(yàn)室完成,鋯石定年分析所用儀器為Finnigan Neptune型MC-ICP-MS及與之配套的Newwave UP 213激光剝蝕系統(tǒng)。所用激光剝蝕斑束直徑為25μm,頻率為10Hz,能量密度約為2.5J/cm2,以He為載氣。信號(hào)較小的207Pb,206Pb,204Pb(+204Hg),202Hg用離子計(jì)數(shù)器(multi-ion-counters)接收,208Pb,232Th,238U信號(hào)用法拉第杯接收,實(shí)現(xiàn)了所有目標(biāo)同位素信號(hào)的同時(shí)接收并且不同質(zhì)量數(shù)的峰基本上都是平坦的,進(jìn)而可以獲得高精度的數(shù)據(jù)。均勻鋯石顆粒207Pb/206Pb,206Pb/238U,207Pb/235U的測(cè)試精度均為2%(2σ)左右,對(duì)鋯石標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的定年精度和準(zhǔn)確度在1%(2σ)左右。LA-MC-ICP-MS激光剝蝕采樣采用單點(diǎn)剝蝕的方式,數(shù)據(jù)分析前用鋯石GJ-1(年齡600Ma,Jacksonetal.,2004)進(jìn)行調(diào)試儀器,使之達(dá)到最優(yōu)狀態(tài), 鋯石U-Pb定年以鋯石GJ-1為外標(biāo),U、Th含量以鋯石M257(U:923×10-6;Th:439×10-6; Th/U:0.475, Nasdalaetal.,2008)為外標(biāo)進(jìn)行校正。測(cè)試過(guò)程中在每測(cè)定10個(gè)樣品前后重復(fù)測(cè)定兩個(gè)鋯石標(biāo)準(zhǔn),對(duì)樣品進(jìn)行校正,并測(cè)量一個(gè)鋯石標(biāo)準(zhǔn)Plesovice,觀察儀器的狀態(tài)以保證測(cè)試的精確度。數(shù)據(jù)處理采用ICPMSDataCal程序(Liuetal.,2010),測(cè)量過(guò)程中絕大多數(shù)分析點(diǎn)206Pb/204Pb>1000,未進(jìn)行普通鉛校正,204Pb由離子計(jì)數(shù)器檢測(cè),204Pb含量異常高的分析點(diǎn)可能受包體等普通Pb的影響,對(duì)204Pb含量異常高的分析點(diǎn)在計(jì)算時(shí)剔除,鋯石年齡諧和圖用Isoplot 3.0程序獲得。詳細(xì)實(shí)驗(yàn)測(cè)試流程可參見(jiàn)侯可軍等(2009)文章。樣品分析過(guò)程中,Plesovice標(biāo)樣作為未知樣品的分析結(jié)果為335.6±4.7Ma(n=10,2σ),對(duì)應(yīng)的年齡推薦值為337.13±0.37(2σ)(Slámaetal.,2008),兩者在誤差范圍內(nèi)完全一致。單個(gè)測(cè)定的數(shù)據(jù)點(diǎn)誤差采用1σ,年齡結(jié)果采用207Pb/206Pb加權(quán)平均值,誤差為2σ(95%的置信度)。

      3.2 測(cè)試結(jié)果

      本文對(duì)姜家寨鐵礦床礦體上覆圍巖樣品100顆碎屑鋯石進(jìn)行了年代學(xué)測(cè)試,鋯石顆粒磨圓度好,呈渾圓狀,粒徑大小不一分布于100~500μm(圖3),測(cè)試結(jié)果見(jiàn)表1。去掉其中6個(gè)諧和度低于95%的測(cè)試年齡。94顆鋯石Th含量為5×10-6~561×10-6;U含量為8×10-6~220×10-6;Th/U比值為0.2~4.5,多數(shù)點(diǎn)集中于0.5~1.5之間(圖4)。測(cè)試鋯石Th/U比值多大于0.4,且環(huán)帶發(fā)育,多為巖漿成因,代表沉積巖源區(qū)鋯石寄主侵入巖或火山巖的形成年齡(圖4)。

      圖4 鋯石Th/U-年齡圖解Fig.4 Diagram of Th/U vs. age of zircons from the Chuanlinggou Formation

      碎屑鋯石年齡測(cè)試結(jié)果通過(guò)線性概率和概率密度分析(圖5),識(shí)別出三組主要峰值年齡,對(duì)他們進(jìn)行加權(quán)平均年齡計(jì)算得出:(1) 1738.9~1799.1Ma,加權(quán)平均年齡為1774.1±7.9Ma(n=21,MSWD=0.72);(2) 1838.9~1857.1Ma,加權(quán)平均年齡為1849.0±7.8Ma(n=22,MSWD=0.08);(3) 2435.5~2464.8Ma,加權(quán)平均年齡為2453.0±7.8Ma(n=10,MSWD=0.71)(圖5、圖6)。此外,碎屑鋯石年代學(xué)測(cè)試顯示,在1872.2~1906.5Ma,1944.5~1999.7Ma出現(xiàn)較小峰值,少量鋯石年齡散布于2068.2~2394.4Ma及2525.6~2611.11Ma(圖5)。測(cè)試結(jié)果中存在4顆較年輕的巖漿成因碎屑鋯石諧和年齡: JJZ12-08-2,1657.4±17.4Ma;JJZ12-08-1,1661.1±12.2Ma;JJZ12-08-84,1683.3±20.2Ma和JJZ12-08-17,1694.4±29.6Ma。4顆鋯石CL圖像顯示鋯石環(huán)帶發(fā)育,測(cè)試位置位于鋯石幔部,為巖漿鋯石年齡。

      圖5 姜家寨鐵礦串嶺溝組碎屑鋯石年齡概率分布圖(a)和線性概率圖(b)Fig.5 Probability density map (a) and linear probability plots (b) of ages of zircons from the Chuanlinggou Formation in Jiangjiazhai iron deposit

      4 討論

      4.1 串嶺溝組年齡及對(duì)成礦時(shí)代的約束

      近年來(lái),隨著高精度鋯石年代學(xué)測(cè)試技術(shù)的發(fā)展,對(duì)華北克拉通中元古代地層的年代學(xué)研究有了快速的發(fā)展,得到了許多重要的年代學(xué)數(shù)據(jù)(圖7),尤其是對(duì)中元古代的地層的時(shí)代界限有了新的認(rèn)識(shí)(李懷坤等,2011;和政軍等,2011)。

      李懷坤等(2011)、和政軍等(2011)、高維等(2008)對(duì)侵入密云群的環(huán)斑花崗巖進(jìn)行的年代學(xué)研究得到其形成時(shí)代為1673~1708Ma,由此推斷其不整合上覆的常州溝組沉積巖形成時(shí)代應(yīng)不早于1673Ma。高林志等(2009)測(cè)得薊縣侵入串嶺溝組的輝綠巖形成時(shí)代為1638±14Ma。張拴宏等(2013)測(cè)得薊縣青山嶺侵入串嶺溝組閃長(zhǎng)玢巖脈鋯石年齡為1634±9Ma。此外,孫會(huì)一等(2013)測(cè)得串嶺溝組上部凝灰?guī)r形成時(shí)代為1621±12Ma,此數(shù)據(jù)略小于前人獲得的侵入串嶺溝組巖脈的年齡,在誤差范圍內(nèi)與其相似。根據(jù)上述研究,可以初步限定串嶺溝組的形成時(shí)代應(yīng)處于1673~1638Ma之間。

      本次研究,通過(guò)對(duì)串嶺溝組底部砂頁(yè)巖碎屑鋯石U-Pb年代學(xué)研究,獲得了4顆較年輕的巖漿鋯石諧和年齡(JJZ12-08-2,1657.4±17.4Ma;JJZ12-08-1,1661.1±12.2Ma;JJZ12-08-84,1683.3±20.2Ma和JJZ12-08-17,1694.4±29.6Ma),進(jìn)一步的限定了串嶺溝組的形成下限,其形成時(shí)代不早于1657Ma。串嶺溝組的形成時(shí)代應(yīng)處于閾值1657~1638Ma之間,與張拴宏等(2013)推測(cè)的串嶺溝組沉積的年齡(16.5~16.4億年)一致。同時(shí),結(jié)合本地區(qū)常州溝組地層的厚度,本次研究獲得的數(shù)據(jù)亦支持李懷坤等(2011)提出的對(duì)長(zhǎng)城系地層年代學(xué)的修改建議,長(zhǎng)城系開(kāi)始的時(shí)間應(yīng)晚于1673Ma,可能為張拴宏等(2013)推測(cè)的16.6億年。

      如上所述,串嶺溝組下部砂頁(yè)巖是宣龍式鐵礦床的賦礦層位,對(duì)姜家寨鐵礦床賦礦圍巖的研究約束了其形成時(shí)代,同時(shí)也制約了鐵礦床的形成時(shí)代。宣龍式鐵礦床的形成時(shí)代小于或接近于1657Ma。

      4.2 對(duì)華北克拉通演化的指示

      華北克拉通是全球最古老的克拉通之一, 經(jīng)歷了多階段的構(gòu)造演化和強(qiáng)烈的變質(zhì)改造,目前對(duì)華北克拉通的形成時(shí)間以及演化過(guò)程仍然存在爭(zhēng)議,主要有以下三種認(rèn)識(shí):(1)華北克拉通在太古代已開(kāi)始形成陸核,然后由多個(gè)獨(dú)立塊體拼貼而成(白瑾等,1993;伍家善等,1998;Zhaietal., 2000;翟明國(guó),2010,2012;Zhai and Santosh,2011),進(jìn)一步的研究認(rèn)為華北克拉通在新太古代末(2.5Ga),微陸塊被火山-沉積巖系焊接,隨后發(fā)生變質(zhì)作用和花崗巖化,完成穩(wěn)定大陸的克拉通化,古元古代(1.85Ga)經(jīng)歷了一次擠壓構(gòu)造事件(翟明國(guó),2012;翟明國(guó)和彭澎,2007);(2)華北克拉通東、西塊體約于 2.5Ga 左右碰撞拼合(Kusky and Li,2003;Polatetal.,2006;Li and Kusky,2007;Kusky,2011);(3)華北克拉通西部陸塊與東部陸塊沿中部帶發(fā)生碰撞拼合,在1.85Ga形成現(xiàn)今統(tǒng)一的華北克拉通結(jié)晶基底(Zhaoetal.,2001,2005,2012;趙國(guó)春等,2002; Wildeetal.,2002;Kr?neretal.,2005a,b,2006;Wilde and Zhao,2005;Zhangetal.,2007;Wuetal.,2000;劉超輝等,2012)。另有研究認(rèn)為板塊構(gòu)造主導(dǎo)了古元古代的地殼運(yùn)動(dòng)和地幔相互作用,華北克拉通是Columbia超大陸的組成部分(Zhai and Liu,2003; 趙國(guó)春等,2002;陸松年等,2002; Zhaoetal., 2002a,2012;Wildeetal.,2002;Rogers and Santosh, 2002;Santoshetal., 2006)。

      本文研究獲得的華北克拉通中部帶串嶺溝組底部砂頁(yè)巖中兩組峰值年齡2.45Ga和 1.85Ga,分別清楚地記錄了太古代晚期(2.5Ga左右)華北克拉通深變質(zhì)作用和花崗巖化的時(shí)代和古元古代(1.85Ga)擠壓構(gòu)造事件或統(tǒng)一的華北克拉通結(jié)晶基底形成時(shí)代。盡管目前對(duì)克拉通拼合時(shí)間以及構(gòu)造演化方式的爭(zhēng)議依然存在,但1.8Ga之前的這兩次重要的構(gòu)造-熱事件的形成時(shí)代在越來(lái)越多的得到了精確的趨同的年代學(xué)數(shù)據(jù)的證實(shí)(Diwuetal.,2012;劉超輝等,2012;Yangetal.,2012;Wuetal., 2000; Zhaoetal.,2012;Wilde and Zhao, 2005;Guoetal.,2005;Kr?neretal.,2005a,b;翟明國(guó)和彭澎,2007;Lietal.,2010;Gengetal.,2006;王惠初等,2005;彭澎和翟明國(guó),2002)。

      圖6 姜家寨鐵礦串嶺溝組碎屑鋯石三組主要峰值年齡諧和圖Fig.6 Concordia plots for the three major age peaks of detrital zircons from the Chuanlinggou Formation in Jiangjiazhai iron deposit

      圖7 華北克拉通長(zhǎng)城系地層鋯石U-Pb年代學(xué)制約Fig.7 Zircon U-Pb age constraints on the Changcheng System strata in the NCC

      華北克拉通在1.85~1.7Ga期間進(jìn)入伸展構(gòu)造體制(翟明國(guó)和彭澎,2007;Pengetal.,2005),內(nèi)部及邊部發(fā)生了拉張,抬升等地質(zhì)事件,以富鎂基性巖墻、斜長(zhǎng)巖-輝長(zhǎng)巖-紋長(zhǎng)二長(zhǎng)巖-環(huán)斑花崗巖以及A型花崗巖和富鉀火山巖廣泛發(fā)育為特征,形成時(shí)代集中于18~16億年,對(duì)應(yīng)于古元古代末-中元古代初Columbia全球性的非造山巖漿活動(dòng),是一次超大陸裂解事件(Zhai and Liu,2003;翟明國(guó),2004,2012;Windley,1995;郁建華等,1996;R?m?etal.,1995;趙太平等,2004;Zhaoetal.,2002b;彭澎等,2004;Luetal.,2002,2008;任康緒等,2006; Pengetal.,2005,2007;Kr?neretal.,2005a, b,2006;楊進(jìn)輝等,2005;Yangetal.,2012)。

      翟明國(guó)(2004)研究認(rèn)為古元古代基性巖墻群均勻的分布在華北克拉通的各個(gè)地區(qū),不同地區(qū)巖墻的展布特征有所不同,根據(jù)變質(zhì)情況將其分為2類(lèi),一類(lèi)遭受了高壓麻粒巖-麻粒巖相變質(zhì)作用,另一類(lèi)未變質(zhì)。其具有大陸堿性玄武巖和橄欖玄武巖的特征,富集Fe-Ti副礦物,有富集地幔的源區(qū)特征。變質(zhì)巖墻多形成于或變質(zhì)于1920~1890Ma,未變質(zhì)的巖墻多形成于1800~1760Ma(張臣等,1994;彭澎等,2004)。彭澎等(2004)通過(guò)地質(zhì)地球化學(xué)特征對(duì)比研究認(rèn)為,晉冀蒙交界地區(qū)高密度發(fā)育的基性巖墻群可劃分為三組:S-Ⅰ巖群NNW向展布,相對(duì)低FeO-TiO2-P2O5,成分相當(dāng)于高M(jìn)gO拉斑玄武巖;S-ⅡNNW向展布,巖墻高FeO-TiO2-P2O5,表現(xiàn)為Fenner趨勢(shì),由堿性到亞堿性高Fe玄武巖組成;S-EW巖墻EW向展布,表現(xiàn)為Bowen趨勢(shì),高Fe拉斑玄武巖和安山巖。他們都經(jīng)歷過(guò)殼幔的混染作用,而Fenner和Bowen趨勢(shì)同時(shí)出現(xiàn)與峨眉山大火山巖省的特征類(lèi)似,源于深部地幔,亦表明了拉張構(gòu)造環(huán)境的特征。Luetal.(2008)對(duì)富鎂基性巖墻、斜長(zhǎng)巖-輝長(zhǎng)巖-紋長(zhǎng)二長(zhǎng)巖-環(huán)斑花崗巖以及A型花崗巖和富鉀火山巖形成年代學(xué)數(shù)據(jù)總結(jié)研究提出在1.8~1.6Ga時(shí)間內(nèi)華北克拉通的拉張事件可分為三幕(時(shí)期):1.78Ga、1.70Ga和1.62Ga。

      在這一時(shí)期中(1720Ma前后),以河北大廟地區(qū)為代表,發(fā)育有典型的礦漿型釩鈦磁鐵礦-磷灰石礦床。年代學(xué)和地球化學(xué)研究得出大廟斜長(zhǎng)雜巖體中蘇長(zhǎng)巖(輝長(zhǎng)巖)與大廟式釩鈦磁鐵礦-磷灰石鐵礦具有同源特征,鐵礦床的形成與斜長(zhǎng)巖-蘇長(zhǎng)巖-輝長(zhǎng)巖雜巖體有著密切的聯(lián)系,是同一幔源巖漿不同演化階段的產(chǎn)物(孫靜等,2009;趙太平等,2004;Yeetal.,1996;周永昶和袁朝,1989)。

      本文對(duì)姜家寨鐵礦床串嶺溝組砂頁(yè)巖碎屑鋯石年代學(xué)的研究中,測(cè)試得到1774.1Ma的峰值年齡與基性巖墻群一致,記錄并證實(shí)了1.8Ga后在華北克拉通中部帶發(fā)生的拉張-抬升、殼幔作用和地幔上涌的地質(zhì)事件,揭示了華北克拉通演化在其不同陸塊間演化整體的同一性。目前,盡管對(duì)于1.8~1.6Ga發(fā)育的富鎂基性巖墻、斜長(zhǎng)巖-輝長(zhǎng)巖-紋長(zhǎng)二長(zhǎng)巖-環(huán)斑花崗巖以及A型花崗巖和富鉀火山巖起始時(shí)間、相互關(guān)系、成巖成礦間的相互作用仍有很多未解答的問(wèn)題,但是,串嶺溝組的峰值年代學(xué)數(shù)據(jù)清楚表明了這次巖漿事件在該地區(qū)活動(dòng)強(qiáng)烈,沉積巖在形成中接受了來(lái)自華北克拉通抬升事件中產(chǎn)生的基性巖墻群的剝蝕產(chǎn)物,他們是沉積巖形成中的主要的物質(zhì)來(lái)源之一,基于時(shí)間和區(qū)域的一致性,我們推斷這一時(shí)期上述富含鐵質(zhì)的基性巖墻群也極有可能是宣龍式鐵礦床中鐵質(zhì)的主要物源之一。

      5 結(jié)論

      (1)對(duì)宣化姜家寨鐵礦床串嶺溝組鐵礦體上部砂頁(yè)巖進(jìn)行的LA-MC-ICP-MS年代學(xué)研究,獲得了三組主要的峰值年齡,加權(quán)平均值分別為1774.1±7.9Ma、1849.0±7.8Ma和2453.0±7.8Ma。代表了華北克拉通中部帶經(jīng)歷的三期較為重要的地質(zhì)構(gòu)造、巖漿作用和變質(zhì)作用事件的時(shí)間。

      (2)我們獲得的4顆較年輕的巖漿鋯石,年齡為1657.4~1694.4Ma,這代表了沉積巖形成的時(shí)間下限,同時(shí)制約了姜家寨宣龍式鐵礦床的形成時(shí)代不早于1657Ma。

      (3)形成于17~18億年的富鐵基性巖墻群是串嶺溝組的主要物源之一,其也可能是宣龍式鐵礦床中鐵質(zhì)的主要物源之一。

      致謝本文在野外地質(zhì)調(diào)查期間得到了河北省地勘局第三地質(zhì)大隊(duì)的熱情幫助和支持;審稿專(zhuān)家對(duì)本文提出了修改意見(jiàn)和下一步工作的建議;在此一并致以衷心的感謝。

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