答 1. person, 表示“人”的最基本用詞,泛指一切人。
When a person is learning a foreign language, he must not always be translating everything into his own. 當(dāng)一個(gè)人學(xué)習(xí)外語時(shí),不要老是把什么都譯成自己的母語。
2. people, 表示“人們, 人民”,不用復(fù)數(shù)形式,但主謂一致,要看作復(fù)數(shù),謂語動詞也用復(fù)數(shù)。當(dāng)people表示“民族”時(shí)常用復(fù)數(shù)形式。
How many people are there in your family? 你家有幾口人?
The Chinese people are a hard-working people. 中國人民是勤勞的人民。
There are many peoples in China. 中國有許多民族。
3. human being,指“人”以區(qū)別于動物或鬼神。有時(shí)用于指“人類”。與一般可數(shù)名詞一樣,有單數(shù)形式a human being和human beings。
In those days the white did not treat the black slaves as human beings. 過去白人并不把黑人當(dāng)人看。
They were not the bones of an animal, but a human being. 它們不是動物的骨頭,而是人的骨頭。
4. mankind,“人類”,不指個(gè)別“人”,本身無復(fù)數(shù)形式,一般不與冠詞連用。
They hope to find new resources for mankind. 他們希望為人類找到新的資源。
Penicillin was a great medical discovery for mankind. 青霉素是人類在醫(yī)學(xué)上的偉大發(fā)現(xiàn)。
5. creature,泛指生物,指“人”時(shí),常帶有感情色彩。
Her daughter is a lovely creature. 她女兒是個(gè)可愛的姑娘。
What a poor creature he is! 他真是個(gè)可憐蟲。
6. folk(s),表示“人們”或家里“人”。
The ants has two stomachs in its body, one for itself and one for carrying food to the folks back home. 螞蟻體內(nèi)有兩個(gè)胃,一個(gè)留自己用,一個(gè)用來帶食物給在家里的人們。
7. follow,表示“人或家伙”, 一般用于口語指男性。如:
The fellow I spoke to made no answer at first, looked me up and down, noticed that I was almost in rags, then said, “Just a minute.” 我所問的那人起初一聲不響,上下打量我,注意到我衣衫襤褸,然后說:“稍等”。
The boy always gets up late. He is a lazy fellow. 這孩子總是起得很晚。他是個(gè)懶家伙。
8. man“人”, 指男性,復(fù)數(shù)為men, 但指“人類”時(shí),只用單數(shù)形式,其前不用冠詞。
The man you shook hands with is our English teacher. 你與之握手的那人是我們的英語老師。
Man is fighting a battle against pollution. 人類正在與污染作斗爭。
9. woman“人”, 指女性, 復(fù)數(shù)為women。
The young woman you just talked to is his sister. 你剛才與之說話的那位年輕女子是他的姐姐。
其它指“人”的詞,如: grown-up成年人,the white白人,the black黑人,the blind盲人,the sick病人, the rich富人,favourite特別喜愛的人,founder奠基人, master主人,Mrs夫人,worker工人,enemy敵人,Chinese中國人,Japanese日本人等。