• 
    

    
    

      99热精品在线国产_美女午夜性视频免费_国产精品国产高清国产av_av欧美777_自拍偷自拍亚洲精品老妇_亚洲熟女精品中文字幕_www日本黄色视频网_国产精品野战在线观看

      ?

      副詞作名詞的用法

      2016-05-30 20:23:40閆躍
      高中生學(xué)習(xí)·高二版 2016年10期
      關(guān)鍵詞:介詞狀語(yǔ)副詞

      閆躍

      英語(yǔ)中的部分副詞可以充當(dāng)句子中的主語(yǔ)或介詞賓語(yǔ),從而在句法上具備了名詞的某種用法。這種“副詞名用”的結(jié)構(gòu)有別于主語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)通常由名詞擔(dān)任的傳統(tǒng)認(rèn)知,本文對(duì)該類(lèi)常見(jiàn)副詞作了梳理和分類(lèi)。

      [副詞用作主語(yǔ)]

      在某些有限的語(yǔ)境中,一些在句子中通常起狀語(yǔ)作用的副詞可充當(dāng)主語(yǔ),相當(dāng)于一個(gè)名詞,有的甚至已經(jīng)兼具名詞詞性,表示時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)或方式。

      Now is the time/moment to tell them the truth. 現(xiàn)在是告訴他們真相的時(shí)候了。

      Today will be fine. (= It/The weather will be fine today.) 今天天氣將會(huì)不錯(cuò)。

      Tomorrow is when it would be most convenient. 明天是最合適的時(shí)間。

      Here was where the accident took place. 正是在這里發(fā)生的那次事故。

      Home is where your family and friends are. 家是親屬與友人之所在。

      Together is how mountains are moved. Together is how small people make a big difference. 團(tuán)結(jié)一致可移山。團(tuán)結(jié)能使小人物有大不同。

      Carefully/Slowly/Gently/Easy does it. 小心就行/慢慢來(lái)/慢點(diǎn)吧/悠著點(diǎn)。(注意:該結(jié)構(gòu)句首的作主語(yǔ)的方式副詞不能用介詞短語(yǔ)替換,謂語(yǔ)部分的does it的形式也不可改變。比如:不可說(shuō)With care does it或Carefully did it。)

      起主語(yǔ)作用的副詞看作單數(shù),并且根據(jù)句子所要表達(dá)的含義,某些作主語(yǔ)的副詞可以拓展為一個(gè)名詞短語(yǔ)或非限定動(dòng)詞結(jié)構(gòu),如:

      Out on the lake will be splendid. (=A trip out on the lake will be splendid.) 到湖上去一定棒極了。

      Slowly is exactly how he speaks. (=Speaking slowly is exactly how he speaks.) 慢條斯理(地講話(huà))恰恰是他講話(huà)的方式。

      [副詞用作介詞賓語(yǔ)]

      “副詞名用”的典型情況是副詞用作介詞的賓語(yǔ)。英語(yǔ)中有相當(dāng)一部分表示時(shí)間和地點(diǎn)的副詞可以用作特定介詞的賓語(yǔ),再由二者構(gòu)成的介詞短語(yǔ)充當(dāng)句子中的狀語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)成分。

      1. 時(shí)間副詞用作介詞賓語(yǔ)

      Sonia should be home by/before now. Do you think shes had an accident? 索尼亞這個(gè)時(shí)候應(yīng)該到家了,你說(shuō)她會(huì)不會(huì)出什么事了?

      Thats enough talk for now. Take a break and well try again after lunch. 暫時(shí)說(shuō)到這里。休息一下,我們午飯后再繼續(xù)。

      I hope we will have finished by/before then. 我希望到那時(shí)/還不到那時(shí)我們就已經(jīng)做完了。

      She had a sort of breakdown some years ago, and since then she has been very shy. 幾年前她精神崩潰,從此一直很怕見(jiàn)人。

      Three days from now/today Hinton will be executed. 三天后欣頓將被處死。

      Where so many people fail is in their inability to look beyond yesterday and today. 那么多人之所以失敗,是因?yàn)樗麄兊难酃庵痪窒抻谧蛱旌徒裉臁?/p>

      He didnt receive the recognition he deserved until late in life. 他直到晚年才獲得他應(yīng)得的榮譽(yù)。

      有時(shí),時(shí)間副詞前面會(huì)有一個(gè)狀語(yǔ),再由二者作為一個(gè)整體充當(dāng)介詞賓語(yǔ)。如:

      My parents met during the war but didnt marry till five years afterwards. 我父母在戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)期間相識(shí),但他們5年之后才結(jié)婚。

      He was until quite/very recently the most powerful banker in the city. 直到最近他一直是這座城市里最有勢(shì)力的銀行家。

      時(shí)間副詞用作介詞賓語(yǔ)的常見(jiàn)結(jié)構(gòu)還有:from long ago很久之前,(up) till now/until now/up to now 到目前為止,until/till then直到那時(shí),from now on/as of now從現(xiàn)在開(kāi)始,from then on從那時(shí)開(kāi)始,for long 長(zhǎng)久地、長(zhǎng)期地,at once立刻、同時(shí)。

      例1 If you Jerry Brown until recently, youd think the photograph on the right was strange.

      A. shouldnt contact B. didnt contact

      C. werent to contact D. hadnt contacted

      解析 D??疾榛旌蠒r(shí)態(tài)的虛擬語(yǔ)氣,條件句與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反,故用過(guò)去完成時(shí)態(tài),而A、B、C項(xiàng)皆為表示與將來(lái)相反時(shí)if條件句中的謂語(yǔ)形式。其中,until recently屬于“介詞+副詞”構(gòu)成的介詞短語(yǔ),表示“直到近來(lái)”。

      例2 —Hi, Jack! When did you arrive in Berlin?

      —Last weekend. I a different culture since then.

      A. was experiencing

      B. will be experiencing

      C. have been experiencing

      D. had been experiencing

      解析 C??疾闀r(shí)態(tài),根據(jù)句末的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)可知,此處表示的是一個(gè)從過(guò)去持續(xù)至現(xiàn)在的連續(xù)性動(dòng)作,所以用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)。其中,since then屬于“介詞+副詞”構(gòu)成的介詞短語(yǔ),表示“自從那時(shí)”。

      例3 He said in his letter that he was going to visit China and he had had the idea .

      A. long before; before long

      B. before long; long before

      C. before long; soon

      D. before long; before long

      解析 B。兩個(gè)空缺處均缺少狀語(yǔ)。前一句是將來(lái)時(shí),所以用“不久之后”,后一句是過(guò)去完成時(shí),所以用“很久以前”。其中,before long屬于“介詞+副詞”構(gòu)成的介詞短語(yǔ),表示“不久之后”。

      2. 地點(diǎn)副詞用作介詞賓語(yǔ)

      The house was near a park but there was a road in between. 房子在一處公園附近,但兩者之間隔著一條馬路。

      From where shall we start and up to where shall we go? 我們要從何處動(dòng)身,到何處去?

      You can have the meeting anywhere but/except downstairs/upstairs. 除了樓下/樓上,你們?cè)谀膬洪_(kāi)會(huì)都行。

      I know theres a mouse in/under there somewhere. 我知道在那里/在那下面的什么地方有只老鼠。

      能接here/there作賓語(yǔ)的常見(jiàn)介詞還有:along, down, near, (a)round, through和up等。另外,用作介詞賓語(yǔ)的地點(diǎn)副詞常與表示動(dòng)作起點(diǎn)或來(lái)源的from搭配。如:

      The new manager came from above. 新來(lái)的經(jīng)理是從上級(jí)公司來(lái)的。

      They are all students returning from abroad. 他們都是海歸學(xué)子。

      Most applications came from overseas. 申請(qǐng)大部分來(lái)自海外。

      Working in collusion, one from within and the other from without, they created pandemonium. 他們里應(yīng)外合,把時(shí)局搞得烏煙瘴氣。

      有時(shí),地點(diǎn)副詞前面會(huì)有一個(gè)狀語(yǔ),再由二者作為一個(gè)整體充當(dāng)介詞賓語(yǔ)。如:

      They are all neighbors from round about. 他們都是周?chē)慕址秽徖铩?/p>

      地點(diǎn)副詞用作介詞賓語(yǔ)的常見(jiàn)結(jié)構(gòu)還有:from afar從遠(yuǎn)處,from downstairs/upstairs從樓下/樓上,from inside/outside從里面/外面,from below/beneath從下面,from indoors/outdoors從室內(nèi)/室外。

      例4 Our house is about a mile from the railway station and there are not many houses .

      A. in between B. far apart

      C. among them D. from each other

      解析 A??杖钡奈恢萌鄙贍钫Z(yǔ)。句意:我們的房子離火車(chē)站大約一英里,而且在它們之間沒(méi)有許多房子。其中,in between屬于“介詞+副詞”構(gòu)成的介詞短語(yǔ),表示“在……之間”。

      例5 I truly believe beauty comes from within.

      A. that B. where C. what D. why

      解析 A。賓語(yǔ)從句部分不缺少任何成分,因此用that。句意:我真的相信美麗源自?xún)?nèi)心。其中,from within屬于“介詞+副詞”構(gòu)成的介詞短語(yǔ),表示“從內(nèi)心、從里面”。

      猜你喜歡
      介詞狀語(yǔ)副詞
      The Wheels on the Bus
      介詞和介詞短語(yǔ)
      副詞“好容易”及其詞匯化成因
      狀語(yǔ)從句熱點(diǎn)透視
      介詞不能這樣用
      as引導(dǎo)狀語(yǔ)從句的倒裝語(yǔ)序
      在狀語(yǔ)從句中探“虛實(shí)”
      狀語(yǔ)從句
      副詞和副詞詞組
      看圖填寫(xiě)介詞
      九江县| 航空| 资中县| 天气| 云梦县| 沐川县| 台东县| 昌邑市| 汝城县| 宁远县| 永平县| 大宁县| 宝山区| 梅河口市| 通州区| 天津市| 柳林县| 鸡西市| 祁门县| 海门市| 庐江县| 策勒县| 青田县| 河北区| 隆安县| 县级市| 英山县| 沈丘县| 辉县市| 曲沃县| 洞口县| 安陆市| 宿州市| 陆丰市| 靖州| 中江县| 洛川县| 通城县| 日土县| 徐汇区| 汶川县|