一、重點(diǎn)詞匯
1. object vi. 課文原句: When the Americans objected to this, the British would not compromise, but increased control over their American colonies instead, taking away many of their rights, and stationing soldiers there in order to make sure that the Americans would obey them. (P34L24)
【點(diǎn)撥】 object vi. 反對,不贊同
n. 物體;目標(biāo);賓語
常見的用法有:
(1) the object of ……的目的,……的目標(biāo)
The object of the game is to improve childrens math skills. 這個(gè)游戲的目標(biāo)是提高學(xué)生的數(shù)學(xué)技能。
(2) flying objects 飛行物 falling objects 下墜物體
It was Galileo who discovered the theory of free falling objects.是伽利略發(fā)現(xiàn)了自由落體理論。
(3) object to sb. / sth. 反對; 不贊成某人/某事;object to doing sth. 反對某人做某事
Robson strongly objected to the terms of the contract. 羅布森強(qiáng)烈反對合同中的一些字眼。
I objected to having to rewrite the article. 我反對重寫文章。
(4) object that clause, 意為“以……為理由反對,反對說……”。
Mother objected that Jimmy was too weak to take up the job. 母親反對說,吉米身體虛弱,不可承擔(dān)那份工作。
【拓展】 objection n. 反對,異議
objective adj. 客觀的 n. 目標(biāo),目的
表示反對的詞組還有:
disapprove of, be against, be opposed to等。
【真題回放】
Considering writers different historical backgrounds, a literary critic should be in his approach to judging a piece of writing.
A. sufficientB. objective
C. positiveD. superior
答案:B。
本題考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意:考慮到作家的不同歷史背景,文學(xué)批評家應(yīng)該采用客觀的方式來評判一件文學(xué)作品。sufficient充足的,objective客觀的,positive積極的,superior優(yōu)越的。
2. random adj. 課文原句:These flags are more than just pieces of cloth sewn together at random with thread. (P34L1)
【點(diǎn)撥】 random adj. 意為“隨機(jī)的,任意的”,常構(gòu)成短語at random, 意為“隨機(jī),隨意”。
The company has introduced random drug testing of its employees. 公司在員工中隨機(jī)進(jìn)行藥品測試。
He was not listening and made a random answer to the teachers question. 他不在聽,對老師的問題胡亂作答。
【拓展】 at random 隨機(jī),隨意
介詞at構(gòu)成的詞組有: at large在逃,沒捉到; at best至多,充其量; at length詳細(xì)地; at ease無拘無束; at intervals 在間隙時(shí)間
【真題回放】
(1) The magician picked several persons from the audience and asked them to help him with the performance. (2015揚(yáng)州模擬)
A. by accidentB. on occasion
C. at randomD. on average
答案: C。
本題考查介詞詞組。句意:魔術(shù)師從觀眾中隨便挑出兩、三個(gè)人來幫助他完成魔術(shù)表演。
by accident碰巧,偶然; on occasion偶爾; at random隨便,隨機(jī); on average平均
(2) Having seen several deadly traffic accidents recently, Chinas traffic police launched breath tests among all drivers. (2014泰州模擬)
A. practicalB. random
C. vagueD. tentative
答案:B。
本題考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意:看到最近幾起死亡交通事故,交警決定在駕駛員中采取隨機(jī)呼氣測試。practical實(shí)際的,random隨機(jī)的,vague模糊的,tentative暫時(shí)的。
3. submit vt. 課文原句:At this, the Americans demanded separation from Britain, and, on 4 July 1776, they declared that they would no longer submit to British rule. (P35L27)
【點(diǎn)撥】 submit vi. 意為“順從,屈服,投降”。
常見的用法有:
(1) submit (oneself) to 順從,聽從,屈服
Mrs. Jones submitted to an operation on her right knee to relieve the pain. 瓊斯夫人勉強(qiáng)同意對有膝蓋做手術(shù),來緩解疼痛。
He never submits himself to fate. 他從不屈從于命運(yùn)。
(2) submit an application / proposal etc遞交,呈交申請/提案等
All applications must be submitted by Monday. 所有的申請都不可遲于周一上交。
He submitted his proposal for urban development to the city council. 他將城市發(fā)展建議提交市議會(huì)。
【拓展】 有關(guān)動(dòng)詞+to的詞組有:contribute to貢獻(xiàn),correspond to與……一致,subscribe to訂閱,同意,refer to談到,提到,參考,turn to向某人求助,come to談到,appeal to吸引,呼吁,apply to申請,respond / react to對……作出回應(yīng),cater to滿足,迎合,object to反對,adapt to適應(yīng),adjust to調(diào)整,適應(yīng),point to指向,get to到達(dá),add to增添
【真題回放】
(1) He himself to a search by the guards before entering the government building. (2015蘇州期中)
A. objectedB. submitted
C. compromisedD. identified
答案:B。
本題考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:進(jìn)入政府大樓之前,他很順從地讓保安搜身。object to反對,submit to屈服,順從,compromise with sb.向某人妥協(xié),identify辨認(rèn),辨別。
(2) Each member country of the WTO must its laws and regulations and compete on the principle of fairness and cooperation. (2013蘇北四市模擬)
A. submit toB. subscribe to
C. correspond toD. contribute to
答案:A。
本題考查動(dòng)詞詞組。句意:世貿(mào)組織的每個(gè)成員國都必須服從它的法律和條例,在公平和合作的基礎(chǔ)上競爭。submit to順從,服從,subscribe to同意,correspond to相符,contribute to促使,導(dǎo)致。
(3) All these documents must be the university you are applying for before December 31. (2014蘇錫常鎮(zhèn)模擬)
A. donated toB. sent in
C. submitted toD. handed in
答案:C。
本題考查動(dòng)詞詞組。句意:所以文件必須在12月31日前遞交給你所申請的大學(xué)。donate to捐贈(zèng),send in和hand in不可接雙賓語。
4. bound adj. 課文原句:..., then you are bound to be disappointed (P41)
【點(diǎn)撥】 bound在句中是形容詞,意為“一定會(huì),很可能會(huì)”。
Dont lie to her, and she is bound to know about it.不要對她撒謊,她肯定會(huì)知道這件事的。
【拓展】 bound的相關(guān)詞組如下:
be bound to do... 一定會(huì)……,肯定會(huì)……;有責(zé)任或義務(wù)做……
be bound (by sth.) to do sth. 被某事所束縛去做某事;被綁在某物上
be bound up in sth. 熱心于某事;忙于某事
be bound up with sth. 與某事物密切相關(guān)
The two nations were bound together by a common history.這兩個(gè)國家因共同的歷史而聯(lián)系緊密。
He was too bound up in his own problems to listen to any of mine. 他太專注于自己的問題而根本聽不進(jìn)去我的問題。
Marks problems are all bound up with his mothers death when he was ten.馬克所有的問題都和十歲時(shí)母親去世緊密聯(lián)系在一起。
【真題回放】
Children are to meet with setbacks as they grow up, so their parents dont have to worry about it. (2014泰州模擬)
A. consistentB. arbitrary
C. fragileD. bound
答案:D。
本題考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意:孩子在成長的過程中注定會(huì)遇到挫折,所以父母不必?fù)?dān)心。consistent一致的,arbitrary獨(dú)斷專行的,fragile易碎的,bound注定,必定。
5. substitute v. & n. 課文原句:After..., the Irish substituted a new flag for the old one. (P7)
【點(diǎn)撥】 substitute在句中作及物動(dòng)詞,意為“替換,替代”。
常見的用法有:
(1) substitute for對……替代
The coach has to find a substitute for Tim. 教練不得不找個(gè)人來替代蒂姆。
(2) be no substitute for sth. 對……無法替代
Vitamin pills are no substitute for a healthy diet. 維生素片無法替代健康飲食。
(3) substitute sth. / sb. for sth. / sb. 用……來取代……
The recipe says you can substitute yoghurt for the sour cream.秘方說可以用酸奶來取代酸奶油。
【拓展】
substitute player 替補(bǔ)隊(duì)員
substitute as 作為……的替代
【真題回放】
(1) You have to find a job to accumulate some experience, because there is no for practical experience.(2015南通模擬)
A. substituteB. requirement
C. appointmentD. reference
答案:A。
本題考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:你必須找個(gè)工作來積累些經(jīng)驗(yàn),因?yàn)闆]有什么可以取代實(shí)際經(jīng)驗(yàn)的。substitute取代,requirement要求,appointment約會(huì),reference參考,提及。
(2) Faced with economic slowdown, some companies are planning to use robots to human workers to reduce their labor costs. (2016南通一模)
A. compensateB. substitute
C. symbolizeD. discriminate
答案:B。
本題考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:面臨經(jīng)濟(jì)下滑,一些公司打算用機(jī)器人來取代人工以降低勞力成本費(fèi)用。compensate彌補(bǔ),substitute代替,symbolize象征,discriminate歧視,區(qū)別。
6. compromise 課文原句:When the Americans objected to this, the British would not compromise, but increased control over their American colonies instead, taking away many of their rights, and stationing soldiers there in order to make sure that the Americans would obey them. (P34 L24)
【點(diǎn)撥】 compromise 在句中作不及物動(dòng)詞,意為“妥協(xié),折中,互讓,和解”。compromise還可用作名詞,意思為“妥協(xié),折中,和解”。
She admitted that she was unable to compromise. 她坦誠她不能讓步。
【拓展】
reach / arrive at / come to a compromise on... 就……達(dá)成妥協(xié)
make a compromise / compromises with作出讓步,與……妥協(xié)
compromise with sb. on / over / about sth. 與某人就某事和解
compromise between... and... 在……和……之間妥協(xié)
His workmates demanded that he never compromise with the boss.他的同事要求他絕不要與老板妥協(xié)。
The new government was prepared to compromise on the oil dispute. 新政府隨時(shí)做好在石油爭端上讓步的準(zhǔn)備。
【真題回放】
Its really important for parents to reach a between what they want and what their kids desire.(2014蘇州模擬)
A. communicationB. conclusion
C. compromiseD. consensus
答案:C。
本題考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:父母在自己所要求的和孩子的愿望之間取得折中非常重要。reach a compromise between... and... 在……和……之間妥協(xié),communication交流,溝通,conclusion結(jié)論,consensus共識。
7. rate n. & v. 課文原句:However, after the French and Indian War, the British raised the tax rates in America to a high level in order to pay for the conflict. (P34L23)
【點(diǎn)撥】 rate在句中作名詞,意為“比率”,它還可表示“速度;等級”。
The unemployment rate is rising in China in recent years. 最近幾年中國的失業(yè)率在上升了。
Cars are limited to the rate of 60 miles an hour in the downtown. 在市中心,汽車限速到60英里每小時(shí)。
My parents tried their best to give me a firstrate education. 父母竭盡全力給我接受一流的教育。
【拓展】
at a rate以……比率、速度
rate作動(dòng)詞用時(shí),意為“評估;劃分等級”。
How do you rate your chances of passing the final exam?
你認(rèn)為你通過期末考試的幾率是多少?
Our school doesnt rate four stars at all. 我們學(xué)校不是四星級學(xué)校。
【真題回放】
(1) According to the survey conducted recently, reading books does not highly among the Chinese as a leisure activity.(2015南通期中)
A. attainB. rate
C. rewardD. reflect
答案:B。
本題考查動(dòng)詞用法。句意:根據(jù)最近開展的調(diào)查,讀書作為一種休閑方式在國人中排名并不高。attain獲得,rate劃分等級,reward獎(jiǎng)賞,reflect反映。
8. deliver vt. 課文原句:He also has twelve reindeer that help him deliver presents on Christmas Eve.(P58)
【點(diǎn)撥】 deliver vt. / vi. 遞送;投遞(信件、貨物等);發(fā)表/發(fā)布演講;接生
The morning mail has just been delivered. 今天早上所有的郵件都給投遞了。
They plan to deliver more food to the floodstriken area。他們計(jì)劃投遞更多的食物到受洪水襲擊的地區(qū)。
The professor delivered an important lecture about economic development. 教授作了關(guān)于經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的重要報(bào)告。
They rushed her to hospital where doctors delivered her baby.他們把她急送醫(yī)院,以便醫(yī)生接生嬰兒。
【拓展】 deliver a speech 發(fā)表演講deliver a judgment宣判deliver a warning發(fā)布警報(bào)
deliver sb. to sb. 把某人移交給某人
delivery n. 投遞,生產(chǎn)
on delivery 在投遞中
free delivery to door免費(fèi)送貨上門
delivery room產(chǎn)房
The king delivered a televised speech to the nation on Nov 5. 11月5日國王向全國發(fā)表電視講話。
He delivered a strong warning about the dangers facing the government.他嚴(yán)重警告當(dāng)?shù)卣媾R的危險(xiǎn)。
Sharett had betrayed him and delivered him to the enemy.沙雷特背叛了他并把他交給了敵人。
【真題回放】
In some countries, it is required by law that all tobacco products a health warning.
A. carryB. deliver
C. holdD. print
答案:A。
本題考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:在一些國家,法律要求煙草制品上必須攜帶有健康警示。carry攜帶,傳遞; deliver投遞,發(fā)表演講; hold舉行,容納,抓??; print印刷。
9. strike vt. In the dream, a stone flew at the statue and struck it on the feet.(P50L20)
【點(diǎn)撥】 strike(struck, struck)vt. 打,擊,撞 (hit);侵襲,襲擊 (attack);給 (某人以……)印象(impress);擦,劃 (火柴)(rub)
The victim had been struck with some kind of wooden stick.死者被某種木棍所擊。
They predict that a destructive earthquake will strike this area before the end of the century.
他們預(yù)測本世紀(jì)末將有破壞性的地震襲擊該地區(qū)。
A child ran into the road and was struck by a car. 一個(gè)孩子跑到路上被一輛車給撞了。
His jokes didnt strike Jack as being very funny.他的笑話并沒有因?yàn)榛尳芸税l(fā)笑。
The first thing that struck me was the fact that there were no other women present.我首先注意到的是當(dāng)時(shí)并沒有其他婦女在場。
The man struck a match to light a cigarette. 那男的劃了一根火柴來點(diǎn)燃香煙。
【拓展】 strike n. & v. 罷工
be on strike在罷工; go on strike舉行罷工; strike for equal rights為平等權(quán)利而罷工
vi. 鐘表敲了多少下
It strikes sb. that=It occurs to sb. that某人突然想到……
The workers are coming out on strike for higher wages. 工人們將舉行罷工要求增加工資。
Twelve had just struck when she ran away. 當(dāng)她離開時(shí),12點(diǎn)的鐘聲正好敲響。
【真題回放】
(1) I heard the clock eight when I woke up this morning. (2014南通暑期檢測)
A. beatingB. striking
C. hittingD. knocking
答案:B。
本題考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:當(dāng)我早上醒來的時(shí)候8點(diǎn)的鐘聲正好敲響。beat反復(fù)擊打,打??; strike鐘敲幾點(diǎn); hit打,撞擊; knock敲門,撞上。
(2) It me the other day that I might not have paused to think of life meaning for years. (2015常州一模)
A. appealed toB. referred to
C. occurred toD. happened to
答案:C。
本題考查動(dòng)詞詞組。句意:前幾天,我突然想到我也許好多年可能沒有停下來思考人生的意義了。appeal to吸引; refer to參考,涉及; occur to突然想起; happen to碰巧。
二、短語或句型
1. 課文原句:The flag, which could not be further simplified, is a red band over a white one, and is based on a national flag dating back to the 13th century that had nine red and white stripes. (P35 L39)這面國旗不可能再簡單了,白色帶上面是紅色帶,并且是以九條紅白條狀旗為基調(diào)改進(jìn)的,這旗子可追溯到13世紀(jì)。
【點(diǎn)撥】 date back to表示“追溯到……,始于……”。又如:
Their friendship dates back to the time when they were children. 他們的友誼始于兒時(shí)。
【拓展】 date back to=date from通常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),只能用于主動(dòng)語態(tài)。如:
The old temple dates back to / from the Tang Dynasty. 這個(gè)舊廟建于唐朝。
注意:date back to / date from 通常只用于一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),作定語時(shí),用其ing 形式。
有關(guān)from的短語還有:differ from和……不同,arise from由……引起,result from 因?yàn)椤?,range from從……變化到……,suffer from 忍受……折磨。這些詞組都不用被動(dòng)語態(tài),做定語或狀語時(shí),用ing形式。
【真題回放】
An ancient temple back to the Northern Qi Dynasty was destroyed in flames last month, concerns about the effective protection of cultural remains.(2015泰州一模)
A. dating; causingB. dating; caused
C. dated; causingD. dated; caused
答案:A。
本題考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意:追溯到北齊朝代的古廟上個(gè)月被大火燒毀,引起了人們對文化遺址有效保護(hù)的擔(dān)憂。date back to是做定語修飾the ancient temple,表示主動(dòng)關(guān)系,用ing形式,cause concerns about 表示結(jié)果狀語,也用ing形式。選A正確。
2. 課文原句:In other words, its meaning can be very different from the apparent meaning of its components. (P50L3)換言之,它的含義與其組成單詞的字面意思可能完全不同。
【點(diǎn)撥】 in other words 換句話說,也就是說
You arrived at 8 this morning, and in other words, you were thirty minutes late.你今天早上8點(diǎn)到的,換句話說,你遲到了半個(gè)小時(shí)。
【拓展】 in a word 總之
break ones word 食言
keep ones word 守信
pick ones words 斟字酌句
word came that 有消息傳來
have a word with sb. 與某人談話
have words with sb. 與某人吵架
be at a loss for words說不出話來
word of mouth口口相傳,口碑
word for word逐字逐句地
I give you my word (=I promise) that it wont happen again. 我向你保證這種事不會(huì)再發(fā)生。
Gail kept her word and returned all the money. 蓋爾履行了她的諾言,把錢如數(shù)歸還。
The newspaper printed his speech more or less word for word. 報(bào)紙幾乎逐字逐句地刊登了他的講話。
Ill have a word with him and see if hell help.我跟他談一下,看他是否愿意幫忙。
Yesterday he had words with his classmate about a small thing. 昨天他為一件小事跟同學(xué)吵架了。
Much of this information is picked up by word of mouth from previous students. 很多情況都是從以前的學(xué)生口中得知的。
Their snowy mountaintops form a beautiful picture that will leave you at a loss for words.白雪皚皚的山頂構(gòu)成了一幅美麗的圖畫,讓你用語言無法表達(dá)它的美。
3. 課文原句:After spending every penny of his money and being reduced to hiring himself out of feed pigs, he realized that he had been a fool and went home. 在花完每一分錢和把自己租出去喂豬之后,他意識到自己很傻,就回家了。
【點(diǎn)撥】 after后接非謂語動(dòng)詞時(shí),如與邏輯主語之間表示被動(dòng)關(guān)系,則用being done,有類似用法的連詞還有before, since, as。
【拓展】 在when, if, unless, until, though, once后接非謂語動(dòng)詞時(shí),如邏輯主語之間表示被動(dòng)關(guān)系時(shí),則用done。
【真題回放】
(1) Though behind and feeling awkward, Jack kept on running until he reached the finishing line. (2016南通一模)
A. leavingB. having left
C. leftD. being left
答案:C。
本題考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意:盡管被落在后面且感到尷尬,但杰克還是繼續(xù)比賽直至跑完全程。Jack是主動(dòng)感到尷尬,是被其他運(yùn)動(dòng)員拋在后面,所以用被動(dòng)關(guān)系,though后接表示被動(dòng)的非謂語,直接用過去分詞,C正確,D錯(cuò)誤。
(2) This kind of seafood, unless treated immediately after from the sea, is likely to go bad. (2014南通三模)
A. catchingB. caught
C. to be caughtD. being caught
答案:D。
本題考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意:這種海鮮從海里捉來,除非立即處理,否則很可能變質(zhì)。Seafood和treat,catch之間都是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,但在unless后直接用過去分詞,在after后用being done,因此,選D正確。
catch on
1) 受歡迎;流行起來;變得時(shí)髦
It is a nice song and I think it will catch on quickly. 這首歌很好,我想它會(huì)很快流行起來。
Do you think this fashion will catch on? 你認(rèn)為這種時(shí)尚會(huì)流行起來嗎?
2) 理解;了解;熟悉情況
Hes not very quick at catching on, is he? 他不善于了解情況,是嗎?
Youll catch on to the job after youve been here a while. 你在這兒一段時(shí)間后會(huì)熟悉這工作的。
4. 課文原句:The proverb ‘dont count your chickens until they are hatched means ‘dont count on something going well until it happens.(P57) 諺語“蛋尚未孵出,勿先數(shù)雞”意思為“別高興得太早”。
【點(diǎn)撥】 count on 依靠,依賴
Dont worry. You can count on me to help you.別擔(dān)心,你可以依靠我來幫你。
We are all counting on winning this match. 我們都在指望能贏得比賽。
【拓展】 count vt. 列入總數(shù);包括;有重要性
count against sb. 認(rèn)為對某人不利
count down 倒計(jì)時(shí)
count... in 把……計(jì)算在內(nèi)
count... out把……排除在外
The result itself is not important, but the effort to reach the goal counts. 結(jié)果本身并不重要,為達(dá)目標(biāo)付出的努力才重要。
We are counting down the days to the end of this tour. 我們已經(jīng)在對結(jié)束旅行進(jìn)行倒計(jì)時(shí)了。
For this job, my lack of experience may count against me. 缺乏經(jīng)驗(yàn)可能對我申請這份工作不利。
I hear you are going shopping this weekend. Count me in!我聽說你們這周末去逛街。帶上我吧。
Im sorry, youll have to count me out if you go camping this week.對不起,如果你們本周末去野營,不要把我算在里面。
【真題回放】
The whole team Cristiano Ronaldo, and he seldom lets them down.(2015江蘇卷)
A. wait onB. focus on
C. count onD. call on
答案:C。
本題考查動(dòng)詞詞組。句意:全隊(duì)都依賴C羅,他很少讓大家失望的。wait on伺候,focus on專注于,count on依靠,call on號召,拜訪。
5.課文原句:The officials travelled westwards to Central Asia and arrived in what is today Afghanistan.(P62L12)官員們西行到中亞,達(dá)到了今天阿富汗的地方。
【點(diǎn)撥】 arrived in后面接的是賓語從句,從句中缺少主語用what。
【拓展】 在名詞性從句中,從句缺少主語或賓語時(shí),用what,不缺任何句子成份用that,且that不能省略,有不確定的含義用whether,從句中缺少狀語時(shí),用when, where, how, why等,且句子多含有疑問的含義。
【真題回放】
(1) —Whats the survey for?
—To get an insight of the customers think of our new product. (2015徐州三模)
A. howB. that
C. whatD. why
答案:C。
本題考查名詞性從句。句意:“調(diào)查是為了什么?”“深入了解顧客對我們新產(chǎn)品的評價(jià)?!睆木涫墙樵~of的賓語從句,容易受漢語思維的影響,如何看待……,誤選A,其實(shí),我們通常說What do you think of this new book?你認(rèn)為這本新書如何?think of可接雙賓語,C正確。
(2) Cooperative learning allows us to have more chances to acquire is beneficial to ourselves.(2014南通三模)
A. whoB. which
C. whatD. that
答案:C。
本題考查名詞性從句。句意:合作學(xué)習(xí)讓我們有更多的機(jī)會(huì)獲得對我們有益的東西。acquire后接的是賓語從句,賓語從句缺少主語,所以選C。
(3) Now all of our concentration is on it is that the global environment will return to normal. (2015南通二模)
A. whichB. what
C. whereD. when
答案:D。
本題考查名詞性從句和強(qiáng)調(diào)句式。句意:現(xiàn)在我們的注意力在于什么時(shí)候全球環(huán)境能恢復(fù)正常。介詞on后接了一個(gè)賓語從句,該從句中又有一個(gè)強(qiáng)調(diào)句,這就增加了難度,根據(jù)句意,該強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)應(yīng)該強(qiáng)調(diào)的是時(shí)間,選D正確。
(4) Li Bai, a great Chinese poet, was born is known to the public, but some wont accept it.(2015江蘇卷)
A. ThatB. Why
C. WhereD. How
答案:C。
本題考查主語從句。句意:中國的偉大詩人,李白在哪兒出生大家都知道,但有些人不能接受。根據(jù)句意,人們對李白的出生地有爭議,并不是李白有沒有出生這個(gè)問題受爭論,選where正確,where在從句中做地點(diǎn)狀語。
6. 課文原句:On both sides of the courtyard are a number of different halls for praying and chanting, receiving guests. (P63L34) 庭院兩旁是一些廂房,用于祈禱,吟唱經(jīng)文和接待香客的地方。
In the southeast corner towers the Qiyun Pagoda, a 13storey building, which is the first known Buddhist pagoda in China.(P63L36)在東南角聳立著齊云塔。
【點(diǎn)撥】 這兩句為倒裝句。句首狀語是表示地點(diǎn)的介詞短語或某些表示方向的副詞(here, there, up, down, now, then, in, out, away, off)時(shí),完全倒裝。但主語如為人稱代詞時(shí),則不能倒裝。此時(shí)謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)跟動(dòng)詞后的主語一致,勿受地點(diǎn)狀語誤導(dǎo)。如:
On the ground lie two dogs. 地上躺著兩只狗。
Off flew the runners in the field at the sound of the gun. 一聽到發(fā)令槍響,運(yùn)動(dòng)場上的運(yùn)動(dòng)員飛一般地跑出去。
【拓展】 部分倒裝是指(1)so, nor, neither置于句首,且表示“也或也不”之意時(shí); (2)虛擬語氣中if省略;(3)否定詞作狀語位于句首;(4) not until, not only置于句首;(5)only+狀語位于句首;(6)在so... that, such... that等結(jié)構(gòu)中,so, such部分位于句首。
【真題回放】
(1) —Next to the hostess . Who is he?
—Tony, our monitor. Hell give a speech titled “Discover yourself”. (2015泰州模擬)
A. a boy standsB. is standing a boy
C. stands a boyD. does a boy stand
答案:C。
本題考查完全倒裝。句意:“女主人旁邊站著個(gè)男孩,他是誰?”“托尼,我們的班長,他將做題為‘發(fā)現(xiàn)自我的演講?!眓ext to the hostess地點(diǎn)狀語置于句首,完全倒裝,C正確。
(2) —Is everyone here?
—Not yet... Look, there the rest of our guests.
A. comeB. comes
C. is comingD. are coming
答案:A。
本題考查完全倒裝。句意:“大家都到了嗎?”“還沒,你看,剩下的客人來了。”
there放在句首要倒裝,且這里主語是the rest of our guests是名詞復(fù)數(shù),選A正確,且主語完全倒裝不用進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)。
(作者:王祥國,江蘇省平潮高級中學(xué))