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      Science Facts About Six Members of the Cat Family 愛貓及貓:貓科動(dòng)物知多少 Track 10

      2016-11-27 03:27:33byanonymous
      瘋狂英語·初中天地 2016年1期
      關(guān)鍵詞:美洲豹花豹亞科

      by anonymous

      翻譯:小狐

      Science Facts About Six Members of the Cat Family 愛貓及貓:貓科動(dòng)物知多少 Track 10

      by anonymous

      翻譯:小狐

      貓科動(dòng)物是食肉目下九個(gè)科中肉食性最強(qiáng)的哺乳動(dòng)物,分為貓亞科、豹亞科、獵豹亞科、劍齒虎亞科和原小熊貓亞科,目前貓科動(dòng)物有38種。本文介紹了其中六種貓科動(dòng)物:貓、花豹、獵豹、美洲豹、虎和獅子。怎樣區(qū)分這里提到的三種豹子呢?小編告訴大家一個(gè)小竅門哦:leopard在亞洲的亞種稱為金錢豹,在非洲的亞種稱為花豹,也可泛指“豹子”,leopard的主要特征是身上有黑色或褐色的中空圓環(huán)花紋,形似中國古銅錢幣;cheetah(獵豹,又名印度豹)很好辨認(rèn),體型纖細(xì),從其嘴角到眼角有一道黑色條紋,它并非豹亞科豹屬動(dòng)物,而是“自立門戶”的獵豹亞科獵豹屬;jaguar(美洲豹)身上有較大的黑色圓環(huán),環(huán)中有一個(gè)或多個(gè)黑色的斑點(diǎn),是豹屬動(dòng)物,但因其體型像虎,所以又叫美洲虎。一起來了解一下這六種貓科動(dòng)物的有趣小知識吧!

      Cats and humans have been1)associated for nearly 10,000 years.

      Cats save energy by sleeping for2)an average of 13 to14 hours a day.

      A group of cats is called a3)clowder.A male cat is called a tom.A female cat is called a molly or queen, while young cats are called kittens.

      Cats can be very4)sneaky.When they walk, their back paws step almost exactly in the same place as the front paws did before.This keeps noise to a5)minimum and limits6)visible7)tracks.

      Cats have powerful night8)vision, allowing them to see at light levels six times lower than what a human needs in order to see.

      Cats also have excellent hearing and a powerful sense of smell.

      On average cats live for around 12 to 15 years.

      9)Leopards hunt at night.

      Adult leopards are10)solitary animals.Each adult leopard has its own area to live in.

      A leopard’s tail is just about as long as its entire body.This helps it with balance and helps it make sharp turns quickly.

      Leopards can run at speeds of up to 57 kilometres11)per hour.They are also excellent swimmers and climbers and can12)leap and jump long distances.

      Leopards protect their food from other animals by13)dragging it high up into the trees.They will often leave their14)prey up in the tree for days and return only when they are hungry!

      One way to15)recognise a16)cheetah is by the long,black “tear lines” which run from the inside of each eye to the mouth.These lines help protect the cheetah’s eyes from the sun and help them to see long distances.

      The cheetah is the fastest land animal in the world.They can reach a top speed of around 113 km per hour and can go from 0 to 113 km in just a few seconds.

      Cheetahs cannot climb trees.

      Cheetahs only need to drink once every three to four days.

      Cheetahs are the only big cat that cannot17)roar.They can18)purr though.

      Cheetahs can spot prey from 5 km away during the day but have poor night vision.

      With their light body weight and19)blunt paws, cheetahs are not good at protecting themselves or their prey.So in the wild, it will give up its catch to avoid a fight with a larger or more powerful animal.

      The20)jaguar is the third largest of the big cats after the tiger and the lion.

      With its spotted coat the jaguar looks very much like the leopard which is found in Asia and Africa.However, the jaguar is larger and has a21)stockier build than the leopard.It also has fewer but bigger spots with small dots in the middle.

      Like the tiger, jaguars enjoy water and are good at swimming.

      Jaguars roam, hunt and live alone, only coming together to mate.

      A male will protect his area and the22)resident females within it from other males.

      1) associate [?'s???IeIt] v.使…產(chǎn)生聯(lián)系

      2) an average of 平均是……,平均有……

      3) clowder ['kla?d?] n.一群(貓)

      4) sneaky ['sni?kI] adj.鬼鬼祟祟的

      5) minimum ['mInIm?m] n.最低限度,最小量

      6) visible ['vIzIbl] adj.看得見的,可見的

      7) track [tr?k] n.足跡,痕跡,車轍

      8) vision ['vI?n] n.視力

      9) leopard ['lep?d] n.花豹,金錢豹

      10) solitary ['s?lIt?rI] adj.獨(dú)居的

      11) per [p?] prep.每

      12) leap [li?p] v.跳躍,飛躍

      13) drag [dr?g] v.拖,拽

      14) prey [preI] n.獵物

      15) recognise ['rek?gnaIz] v.識別

      16) cheetah [t?i?t?]n.獵豹,印度豹(產(chǎn)于南亞及非洲)

      17) roar [r??] v.吼,咆哮

      18) purr [p??] v.發(fā)出喉音,(貓)發(fā)出嗚嗚聲

      19) blunt [bl?nt] adj.鈍的

      20) jaguar ['d??gwα?]n.美洲豹,又名美洲虎,貓科豹屬動(dòng)物

      21) stocky ['st?kI] adj.矮壯的,短粗的

      22) resident ['rezId?nt] adj.常駐的,不遷徙的

      The jaguar has a very powerful jaw.Its bite23)exerts more force than that of a lion.

      Jaguars live in the wild for 11-15 years, but kept by humans they can live over 20 years.

      Tigers can reach a length of up to 3.3 metres and weigh as much as 300 kilograms.

      Tiger cubs leave their mother when they are around 2 years of age.

      A group of tigers is known as an “24)ambush” or “25)streak”.

      Tigers are good swimmers and can swim up to 6 kilometres.

      Rare white tigers carry a gene that is only26)present in around 1 in every 10,000 tigers.

      Tigers usually hunt alone at night.

      Tigers have been known to reach speeds up to 6527)kph.

      Tigers can easily jump over 5 metres in length.

      Tigers that28)breed with lions give birth to29)hybrids known as30)tigons and31)ligers.

      Lions are the second largest big cat32)species in the world (behind tigers).

      Lions can reach speeds of up to 81 kph but only in short33)bursts because of a lack of energy.

      The roar of a lion can be heard from 8 kilometers away.

      Most lions found in the wild live in southern and eastern parts of Africa.

      Lions are very social compared to other cat species,often living in prides that feature females,34)offspring and a few adult males.

      Male lions are easy to recognise thanks to their35)distinctive36)manes.Males with darker manes are more likely to attract female lions.

      Lions in the wild live for around 12 years.

      Lionesses are better hunters than males and do most of the hunting.

      In the wild, lions rest for around 20 hours a day.

      23) exert [Ig'z??t] v.盡力,施加(力氣)

      24) ambush ['?mb??] n.伏兵

      25) streak [stri?k] n.條紋

      26) present ['preznt] adj.存在的

      27) kph=kilometer(s) per hour

      28) breed [bri?d] v.繁殖

      29) hybrid ['haIbrId] n.雜種,混血兒

      30) tigon ['taIg?n] n.(雄虎和雌獅生的)虎獅

      31) liger ['laIg?] n.(雄獅和雌虎生的)獅虎

      32) species ['spi??i?z] n.(物)種,人種

      33) burst ['b??st] n.速度的突然增加

      34) offspring ['?fsprI?] n.幼獸,后裔

      35) distinctive [dI'stI?ktIv]adj.與眾不同的,突出的

      36) mane [meIn] n.鬃毛

      ·貓和人類在約一萬年前開始建立聯(lián)系。

      ·貓通過睡眠來保存能量,平均一天要睡上13到14個(gè)小時(shí)。

      ·英語中,一群貓被稱為“clowder”。公貓被稱為“tom(雄貓)”。母貓被稱為“molly”或“queen”,而幼貓則被稱為“kitten”。

      ·貓有時(shí)會很鬼祟。當(dāng)它們走路時(shí),后爪能剛好落在前爪之前落下的地方。這能將噪音降至最低,并減少可見足跡。

      ·貓有著很強(qiáng)的夜視能力,它們在光線比人類所需的低六個(gè)等級時(shí)也能有正常的視線。

      ·貓還有著卓越的聽力和靈敏的嗅覺。

      ·貓的平均壽命為12到15年。

      ·花豹在夜間狩獵捕食。

      ·成年花豹是獨(dú)居動(dòng)物。每只成年花豹都有著自己的活動(dòng)領(lǐng)地。

      ·花豹的尾巴幾乎和它的身體一樣長。這能幫助它保持平衡并迅速地急轉(zhuǎn)彎。

      ·花豹的奔跑速度可達(dá)每小時(shí)57公里。它們也是游泳健將和卓越的攀爬者,還能夠遠(yuǎn)距離跳躍。

      ·花豹將其獵物拖到樹的高處來保護(hù)其不被其他動(dòng)物搶占?;ū⑵浍C物留在樹上數(shù)日,待到饑餓時(shí)才回來進(jìn)食!

      ·辨認(rèn)獵豹的一個(gè)方法是,它們的眼睛里有一條長黑“淚線”一直延伸到嘴巴旁邊。這些“淚線”能幫助保護(hù)獵豹的眼睛不受陽光的刺激,并幫助它們看得更遠(yuǎn)。

      ·獵豹是世界上奔跑速度最快的陸生動(dòng)物。它們的最高速度能達(dá)到約每小時(shí)113公里,并能在短短數(shù)秒內(nèi)從靜止加速到113公里。

      ·獵豹不會爬樹。

      ·它們只需每三四天喝一次水。

      ·它們是唯一一種不能咆哮的大型貓科動(dòng)物,不過它們能發(fā)出咕嚕咕嚕的喉音。

      ·它們在白天能夠辨認(rèn)出五公里以外的獵物,但夜視能力很差。

      ·獵豹有著輕盈的身體和駑鈍的爪子,因此不善于保護(hù)自己及其獵物。因此在野外它會放棄獵物,以避免和體型更大或更有攻擊力的動(dòng)物戰(zhàn)斗。

      ·美洲豹的體型在大型貓科動(dòng)物中是第三大,僅次于老虎和獅子。

      ·一身斑點(diǎn)的毛皮使得美洲豹與在亞洲和非洲發(fā)現(xiàn)的花豹極為相似。然而,美洲豹體型更大,且比花豹更為矮壯,圓環(huán)花斑更少但更大,中間還帶有一些小斑點(diǎn)。

      ·就像虎一樣,美洲豹喜歡水且擅長游泳。

      ·美洲豹獨(dú)自漫游、捕食和居住,只在交配時(shí)相聚?!ば坌悦乐薇獣Pl(wèi)自己的領(lǐng)地和棲息其中的雌豹不受其他雄豹打擾。

      ·美洲豹有著非常強(qiáng)健的頜骨,其咬合力要比獅子的更勝一籌。

      ·野生美洲豹能活11到15年,而人類豢養(yǎng)的能活超過20年。

      ·虎的身長可達(dá)3.3米,體重可達(dá)300公斤。

      ·幼虎大約在兩歲時(shí)會離開母虎身邊。

      ·英語中,一群虎被稱為“ambush”或“streak”?!せ⑹怯斡窘?,能夠游上6公里。

      ·稀有的白虎攜帶特殊的基因,大約每一萬只虎中才會有一只白虎。

      ·虎通常在夜間獨(dú)自捕獵。

      ·已知虎的奔跑速度高達(dá)每小時(shí)65公里。

      ·虎能輕易躍出5米遠(yuǎn)。

      ·虎與獅雜交所生的混種被稱為“虎獅獸”和“獅虎獸”。

      ·獅子是世界上第二大的貓科動(dòng)物(僅次于虎)。

      ·獅子的奔跑速度能達(dá)到每小時(shí)81公里,但只能在瞬間爆發(fā)時(shí)達(dá)到,因?yàn)槿狈δ芰俊?/p>

      ·一聲獅吼在8公里之外都能聽到。

      ·已發(fā)現(xiàn)的野生獅子大多數(shù)生活在非洲的南部和東部。

      ·與其他貓科動(dòng)物相比,獅子非常合群,通常過著群居生活,以母獅和幼崽為主,以及一些成年雄獅?!ざ嗵澚诵郦{獨(dú)特的鬃毛,它們很容易辨認(rèn)。雄獅的鬃毛顏色越深就越容易吸引雌獅。

      ·野生獅子的壽命約為12年。

      ·母獅的捕食技術(shù)要強(qiáng)于雄獅,并包攬了大部分的捕食任務(wù)。

      ·野生的獅子每天要休息約20個(gè)小時(shí)。

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