學(xué)會(huì)做課堂筆記

Grace Fleming著

湖北武漢景一編譯

學(xué)會(huì)做課堂筆記

Grace Fleming著

湖北武漢景一編譯

Taking Class Notes

Good class notes are essential to good study skills.What are good notes?Many students fall into the trap of attempting to write down every word the teacher speaks.This is unnecessary,but even worse,it’s confusing.The key to good notes is identifying the most important things to write down.

做好課堂筆記是學(xué)習(xí)技巧中至關(guān)重要的一環(huán)。什么樣的筆記才是好的筆記呢？許多學(xué)生陷入了這樣一個(gè)誤區(qū)：他們?cè)噲D把老師講的每一個(gè)字都記下來(lái)。其實(shí)沒(méi)有這個(gè)必要，更糟的是，這會(huì)讓人產(chǎn)生困惑。做好筆記的關(guān)鍵是確定最重要的東西并將其寫下來(lái)。

If you read back over previous class notes,you will see that each day’s lecture will usually be about a specific chapter or topic.Your notes will make more sense to you if you identify a common thread and create a frame in your head before the lecture begins.When you understand the overall theme or message for the day,you will be able to identify important facts and understand why they matter.When you start with a frame in your head,you can see where each fact fits within the frame.

如果你閱讀之前的課堂筆記，你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)每堂課都涉及一個(gè)具體的章節(jié)或者主題。如果你在課前能確定講課的主線或在腦海中構(gòu)造一個(gè)知識(shí)框架時(shí)，筆記會(huì)對(duì)你更有意義。當(dāng)你理解了當(dāng)天課程總體的主題或內(nèi)容，你就能夠識(shí)別出重點(diǎn)內(nèi)容并且能理解為什么他們很重要。當(dāng)你在腦海中有了知識(shí)框架，你就能明白每個(gè)實(shí)例適用于框架哪個(gè)地方。

How to identify a theme for notes?If the teacher has assigned a specific chapter or passage for the next class,you can be pretty certain that the next lecture will focus on that.Even if the information is a little different(and teachers often add important facts to the reading),the theme or topic will often be the same.

如何確定筆記的主題呢？如果老師為下一節(jié)課指定了一個(gè)特定的章節(jié)或文章，那么你就能比較肯定下一堂課將以此為中心。即使講課的內(nèi)容有所不同（老師經(jīng)常會(huì)添加一些重要的內(nèi)容），主題往往是相同的。

Sometimes you can try a strategy to make your task much easier:Taking notes before your class and then reinforcing those notes as you listen to your teacher or professor.Science shows us that we learn from revisiting material.The more active you are in your study habits,the more time you put into preparing for class,the better you will be when the test day arrives.

有時(shí)候你可以嘗試這樣一個(gè)策略，使你的筆記做得更輕松：在課前記筆記，然后在聽(tīng)老師或教授（講課）的時(shí)候充實(shí)你的筆記?？茖W(xué)告訴我們，我們通過(guò)溫習(xí)材料來(lái)學(xué)習(xí)。你的學(xué)習(xí)習(xí)慣越主動(dòng)，課前準(zhǔn)備的時(shí)間越長(zhǎng)，考試時(shí)你的表現(xiàn)就會(huì)越好。

Sometimes your lectures can be a re-stated version of,or reinforcement of,your textbook reading.If this is the case,your job is to read your assigned passages and create an outline containing the most important points that are covered.As you write,be sure to leave plenty of blank spaces between the lines of your outline.You will carry this outline to class and fill in supplemental information as you listen to your lecture.It’s a good idea to prepare the outline for the lecture.You can go through and highlight new vocabulary words in a single color,like yellow or pink.Next,you may go back and highlight new concepts in a different color,like blue.You will find that the color coded highlights act as markers on a road map;they serve as flags to help you navigate quickly from topic to topic if your teacher tends to jump around.

有時(shí)候課堂內(nèi)容是教科書(shū)內(nèi)容的復(fù)述或者加強(qiáng)。如果是這樣的話，你要做的就是讀你老師指定的內(nèi)容，并寫出一個(gè)包含最重要的要點(diǎn)的大綱。寫大綱的時(shí)候，一定要在大綱每行之間留出大量空白。把這個(gè)大綱帶到課堂上，在你聽(tīng)課的時(shí)候，在大綱上填寫補(bǔ)充內(nèi)容。為聽(tīng)課準(zhǔn)備提綱是個(gè)好主意。你可以用單獨(dú)的顏色，如黃色或粉紅色，標(biāo)出新詞匯。接下來(lái)，你可以回顧并用不同的顏色，如藍(lán)色，標(biāo)記突出新的概念。你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)，不同顏色的標(biāo)記就像是路線圖上的標(biāo)示一樣。如果你的老師講課時(shí)較有跳躍性的話，這些標(biāo)記會(huì)像旗幟一樣幫助你從一個(gè)主題到另一個(gè)主題快速瀏覽。

In addition,you may find that it helps to draw pictures while you take notes.But this doesn’t mean you should draw without aim while the teacher is talking!Instead,you may find that you can understand a theme or overall picture of a class lecture when you turn words into diagrams or charts.

另外，你可能會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)做筆記時(shí)畫(huà)出圖表會(huì)有助于學(xué)習(xí)。但這不是指你應(yīng)該在老師說(shuō)話的時(shí)候涂鴉！你可能會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)，如果將文字形式轉(zhuǎn)換為圖表形式，你能更好地理解整堂課的一個(gè)主題或整體的概貌。

Some teachers will assign readings on one topic and lecture on something completely different.When this happens,you must find the relationship between the reading and the lecture. Another good way to identify a theme for the day is to ask the teacher.Before each lecture begins,simply ask if the teacher can provide a theme or framework for the next class.Your teacher will probably be very glad to be asked.

有些老師會(huì)指定某些主題的閱讀材料但講課時(shí)的內(nèi)容卻完全不同。如果遇到這種情況，你必須找到這些閱讀材料和講課內(nèi)容之間的聯(lián)系。另外一種確定每日課程主題的好方法就是詢問(wèn)老師。在每次上課之前，直接向老師詢問(wèn)能否給出下一堂課的主題或知識(shí)框架。老師很可能也會(huì)為你的詢問(wèn)感到高興。