欄目主持:葉揚(yáng)
改進(jìn)建筑60秒
Sixty Second Idea to Improve Architecture
欄目主持:葉揚(yáng)
我們仿效BBC的廣播節(jié)目“60秒改進(jìn)世界”(Sixty Second Idea to Improve the World)推出了“改進(jìn)建筑60秒”欄目,每期將在世界范圍內(nèi)采訪兩位人物,請(qǐng)他們就建筑、城市、景觀、技術(shù)等相關(guān)問題在60秒的時(shí)間里講出一個(gè)或兩個(gè)有啟發(fā)性、批判性甚至有爭(zhēng)議性的觀點(diǎn)。本欄目如實(shí)記錄了他們的話,采訪所拍攝的視頻將會(huì)出現(xiàn)在我們的相關(guān)網(wǎng)頁上。所述觀點(diǎn)只代表嘉賓本人,與本雜志立場(chǎng)無關(guān)。
喬基姆·馮·布朗
德國(guó)政府生物經(jīng)濟(jì)理事會(huì)主席
ZEF發(fā)展研究中心主任
波恩大學(xué)教授
Joachim von Braun
Chair, German Government's Bioeconomy Council Director, Centre for Development Research (ZEF) Professor, University of Bonn
劉加平
中國(guó)工程院院士
西安建筑科技大學(xué)建筑學(xué)院院長(zhǎng)、教授
LIU Jiaping
Academician, Chinese Academy of Sciences
Dean, Professor, College of Architecture, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology
Urbanisation is increasing rapidly all over the world, and especially also in China. In the coming thirty years, there will be more urban construction than what we observed throughout our human history. We need to redesign urban construction and the way cities are designed.
We need biopricinpled cities. Bioprincipled cities are the cities designed along the principles of bioeconomy. Bioeconomy brings together human kind and nature in new ways as the world approaches a 10-billion population. Biopricinpled cities need to pay attention to three areas of action: urban planning, needs to be biopricinpled; then, the architectural design, needs to be more bioprincipled and biosensitive, and urban construction, needs to be green, sustainable, and needs to pay attention to circular resource flows. So all in all, the rethinking of how cities should be designed and all professions of bioeconomists, architects and city planners need come together, this is at the core and heart of the bioprincipled city planning.
綠色建筑已到了全面推行綠色建筑“設(shè)計(jì)”階段,從方案創(chuàng)作到施工圖設(shè)計(jì),很多著名建筑大師都參與到“綠色建筑設(shè)計(jì)研究”之中。國(guó)家“十三五”重點(diǎn)研發(fā)計(jì)劃中設(shè)立了《綠色建筑及建筑工業(yè)化》重點(diǎn)專項(xiàng),其中與建筑設(shè)計(jì)密切相關(guān)的有4個(gè)重點(diǎn)項(xiàng)目,崔愷院士、王建國(guó)院士、孟建民院士、莊惟敏大師、張頎院長(zhǎng)等領(lǐng)銜申報(bào)。綠色建筑,首先要有一個(gè)好的綠色建筑設(shè)計(jì),建筑師是打頭陣的,其次才是配套的綠色建筑技術(shù)的應(yīng)用。
全面實(shí)現(xiàn)綠色建筑的春天已經(jīng)到來——中國(guó)將走在國(guó)際綠色建筑發(fā)展的前沿,“一帶一路”戰(zhàn)略進(jìn)程中,建筑設(shè)計(jì)行業(yè)將會(huì)是一位“帶頭大哥”。
現(xiàn)代建筑設(shè)計(jì)教育體系與現(xiàn)代建筑體系一樣,是建立在工業(yè)文明與信息文明基礎(chǔ)之上的。
當(dāng)建筑師們面對(duì)建立在農(nóng)耕文明基礎(chǔ)之上的傳統(tǒng)鄉(xiāng)村建筑時(shí),便出現(xiàn)了 “牛刀殺雞”現(xiàn)象。傳統(tǒng)建筑文明、地域建筑文化、中華建筑文脈,一一倒下。于是,“鄉(xiāng)建”概念應(yīng)運(yùn)而生。
鄉(xiāng)村建筑面積近200億m2,其中多半是近20年來由各地的工匠和村民“設(shè)計(jì)”、建造的:功能簡(jiǎn)單、品質(zhì)低下是常態(tài)。至于傳統(tǒng)民居:雖承載地域建筑文明,但不滿足現(xiàn)時(shí)生活方式。
我們面臨兩大任務(wù):一是新地域建筑的模式創(chuàng)新,二是既有鄉(xiāng)村建筑的品質(zhì)提升。未來20年,都將是建筑學(xué)研究的熱點(diǎn)。