英劇《馬丁·翟述偉》(Martin Chuzzlewit)是一部由BBC拍攝的經(jīng)典迷你劇,共六集,改編自英國(guó)作家查爾斯·狄更斯的同名小說(shuō)。對(duì)于狄更斯的作品,讀者熟悉的是《大衛(wèi)·科波菲爾》(David Copperfield)、《霧都孤兒》(Oliver Twist)等,對(duì)《馬丁·翟述偉》可能比較陌生。這是一部以遺產(chǎn)覬覦和紛爭(zhēng)為主要線索和中心內(nèi)容的小說(shuō),內(nèi)容深刻且幽默感十足,可謂是描述人性偽善、家庭恩怨及人性貪婪的巨著。在改編的迷你劇中,演員陣容強(qiáng)大,表演到位,惟妙惟肖地呈現(xiàn)出老年富翁Martin Chuzzlewit (下稱Martin Senior)的家族成員為了繼承其龐大遺產(chǎn)無(wú)所不用其極的丑態(tài)。
故事以Martin Senior在一次外出旅行突發(fā)疾病開(kāi)始。生病后,Martin Senior打算對(duì)自己的財(cái)產(chǎn)做出相應(yīng)安排。Chuzzlewit家族的一些勢(shì)利親戚得知他身體抱恙后,紛紛從四面八方趕到他身邊,表現(xiàn)出對(duì)他的關(guān)心并希望留下好印象,好讓他在遺囑中留一份財(cái)產(chǎn)給自己。這些親戚中的代表人物當(dāng)屬M(fèi)artin Senior的表弟Seth Pecksniff了。為拉近與表哥的關(guān)系,Pecksniff早在Matin Senior生病前就邀請(qǐng)表哥的孫子Young Martin去他家里當(dāng)學(xué)徒,跟隨他學(xué)習(xí)建筑,意在撮合Young Martin和自己的女兒訂婚。后來(lái),Martin Senior因誤會(huì)而與孫子發(fā)生激烈的爭(zhēng)吵,一氣之下表示不再與孫子來(lái)往,也不會(huì)把任何財(cái)產(chǎn)留給他。此時(shí),Pecksniff為討好Martin Senior,立馬把Young Martin趕出了他的家門(mén)。后來(lái),Pecksniff又熱情邀請(qǐng)表哥Martin Senior去他家養(yǎng)病。在此期間,Pecksniff的仆人和學(xué)徒都從不同方面向Martin Senior揭露了Pecksniff的偽善面目。Martin Senior也意識(shí)到自己與孫子間存在誤會(huì)。最終,爺孫倆消除誤會(huì),和好如初,Martin Senior的財(cái)產(chǎn)當(dāng)然是留給孫子的,其他人瞎忙一場(chǎng)。整部劇情節(jié)緊湊,人物形象生動(dòng)。
值得一提的是,這部劇忠實(shí)于原著,最大程度地還原了原著中的場(chǎng)面和臺(tái)詞,不僅讓英語(yǔ)愛(ài)好者從視覺(jué)上欣賞了英國(guó)鄉(xiāng)村和城市的風(fēng)貌以及生動(dòng)形象的人物表演,也讓大家對(duì)英國(guó)民眾日常表達(dá)有所了解,對(duì)話中一些簡(jiǎn)潔、地道的表達(dá)至今仍在使用。本文筆者就截取劇中的部分臺(tái)詞,跟大家分析其中的地道表達(dá)。
場(chǎng)景1
富翁Martin Senior和養(yǎng)女Mary Graham一起外出旅行時(shí),Martin Senior突感身體不適。他們趕緊找附近的旅館暫時(shí)住下。Mary正好隨身攜帶了Martin Senior平時(shí)要吃的藥片,及時(shí)讓他服用。此時(shí),旅館的女主人Mrs. Lupin聽(tīng)說(shuō)有客人生病,急忙趕來(lái)。她很好奇Mary和Martin Senior的關(guān)系。Mary很坦率地告訴她,自己和Martin Senior沒(méi)有血緣關(guān)系,也不是夫妻。
Mrs. Lupin: Have you seen your grandpapa like this before, miss?
Mary: Many times. But hes not my grandfather.
Mrs. Lupin: Father, I should have said.
Mary: Hes not my father or my uncle or my husband. We are not related.
Mrs. Lupin: Oh. What a Providence (天意) that you have the medicine.
地道用法分析
“We are not related”可譯為“我和他沒(méi)有血緣關(guān)系”。平時(shí)我們遇到的related,多是當(dāng)“有關(guān)的,相關(guān)的”講,而在這句話里,related的意思是“有親戚關(guān)系的,有親緣關(guān)系的,屬同一家族的”。例如:He is related to her by marriage. (他與她是姻親。)
場(chǎng)景2
Martin Senior因身體不適在旅館休息時(shí), Mary和旅館女主人Mrs. Lupin一起在房間里照顧他。Martin Senior執(zhí)意要坐起來(lái),他讓Mary遞給自己筆和紙,好及時(shí)寫(xiě)下一些東西(立遺囑)。Mary和Mrs. Lupin勸他先好好臥床休息。Martin Senior嫌Mrs. Lupin多管閑事,就用“You do your errand; you earn your fee”來(lái)打發(fā)她。
Martin Senior: And what business is it of yours, maam?
Mrs. Lupin: No business, Sir. Cept common sense and Christian charity. I want to see you get better.
Martin Senior: Very solicitous (關(guān)切的). But you begin too soon. You do your errand; you earn your fee.
地道用法分析
“You do your errand; you earn your fee”表示“你干你的差事;你賺你的錢(qián)”。其中errand一詞表示“(短程的)差事”或“差使(比如送信、取貨或送貨等)”。例如:I have come on a special errand. (我是專程來(lái)辦一件差事的。)與其相關(guān)的習(xí)語(yǔ)有an errand of mercy,意思是“救難扶困之舉,雪中送炭”。對(duì)話中cept這個(gè)詞可能有讀者不認(rèn)識(shí),其實(shí)它是口語(yǔ)中except的縮寫(xiě)形式,當(dāng)“除了,除……之外”講。
場(chǎng)景3
旅館女主人Mrs. Lupin看到有生病的客人住進(jìn)來(lái),不知該如何處理,派人去請(qǐng)有學(xué)問(wèn)的Pecksniff,尋求他的幫助。Pecksniff來(lái)到旅館,認(rèn)出了床上的病人是表哥Martin Senior,便想表達(dá)對(duì)他的關(guān)心。此時(shí)Martin Senior也認(rèn)出了Pecksniff,但他心里很清楚Chuzzlewit家族一些親戚包括Pecksniff的嘴臉,他們所做的一切都是為了錢(qián)財(cái)。因此,他只愿把Pecksniff當(dāng)成陌生人對(duì)待。
Martin Senior: No one loves me for myself, only for what they hope to get out of me.
Pecksniff: Mr. Chuzzlewit, I … I can assume …
Martin Senior: I thought we were strangers? Hear me out. For years, I have been pestered (糾纏) by a horde of avaricious (貪婪的) relatives, all clamoring for my attention and all staking a claim on my estate.
地道用法分析
Hear sb. out是固定搭配,表示把某人要講的話聽(tīng)完。例如:I know you dont believe her but please hear her out! (我知道你不相信她說(shuō)的話,但是請(qǐng)聽(tīng)她把話說(shuō)完。)對(duì)話中的stake a claim是習(xí)慣用語(yǔ),意思是“提出擁有權(quán),堅(jiān)持要求”。例如:He marked the spot on his map where he had seen the gold and returned later that month to stake his claim. (他在地圖上標(biāo)出了見(jiàn)到金子的地方,然后在當(dāng)月晚些時(shí)候回來(lái)宣布對(duì)此地?fù)碛兴袡?quán)。)
場(chǎng)景4
Martin Senior在下榻旅館生病的消息很快就傳遍了Chuzzlewit家族。該家族的各路親戚從四面八方趕到旅館。Montague Tigg是Chuzzlewit家族某成員的朋友,他特意提醒Pecksniff要提防Martin Senior的養(yǎng)女Mary。因?yàn)镸ontague揣測(cè)Mary意圖圖謀Martin Senior的財(cái)產(chǎn)。
Montague: Meanwhile he (指Martin Senior) is pouring his confidence into the bosom of a stranger (暗指Mary).
Pecksniff: You refer to his paid companion and nurse, I presume?
Montague: Companion and nurse? She (指Mary) has her eyes on the main chance.
地道用法分析
“She has her eyes on the main chance”可譯為“她想圖謀私利”。其中have an eye on the main chance是習(xí)慣用語(yǔ),表示“利用處境尋找個(gè)人獲利的機(jī)會(huì),特別是財(cái)務(wù)方面的”。例如:She was someone who had an eye on the main chance and who never missed an opportunity to exploit others. (她就是那種圖謀私利并利用一切機(jī)會(huì)剝削別人的人。)
場(chǎng)景5
Pecksniff的學(xué)徒John Westlock自17歲時(shí)就到Pecksniff家跟他學(xué)習(xí)建筑,共學(xué)了五年。但John發(fā)現(xiàn),Pecksniff除了收取他500英鎊的學(xué)費(fèi)以及每年70英鎊的食宿費(fèi)之外,并沒(méi)有教給他任何有用的技能。因此,John決定不再跟隨Pecksniff學(xué)習(xí)。在離開(kāi)Pecksniff家之前,出于禮貌,他和Pecksniff告別。Pecksniff虛偽地表示自己原諒了John對(duì)自己的指責(zé)。于是John用“I wronged you?”這個(gè)反問(wèn)句來(lái)諷刺Pecksniff的虛偽并揭露他如何斂財(cái)。
John: As for your forgiveness, I will not have it upon such terms.
Pecksniff: But you must. You have no choice. I forgave you even though you wronged me with your reproaches.
John: I wronged you? Heres a pretty fellow! What about the five hundred pounds you had from me for teaching me nothing. Or the seventy pounds a year for board and lodging which would have been dear (昂貴的) at seventeen?
地道用法分析
“I wronged you?”表示“我冤枉你了嗎?”Wrong作動(dòng)詞時(shí),表示“不公正地判斷、冤枉某人”。例如:Even if you feel someone has wronged you, no one is going to give you anything for free. (即使你認(rèn)為有人冤枉你,沒(méi)有人會(huì)無(wú)償給你任何東西。)
場(chǎng)景6
Pecksniff早在Martin Senior生病前就在盤(pán)算怎么與他拉近關(guān)系。他的辦法是邀請(qǐng)Martin Senior的孫子Young Martin來(lái)家里當(dāng)學(xué)徒。在Young Martin還未住進(jìn)Pecksniff家時(shí),Pecksniff與兩個(gè)女兒Charity和Mercy在客廳閑聊此事。兩個(gè)女孩非常關(guān)心Young Martin的外表如何。Pecksniff用well-looking一詞來(lái)描述Young Martin的帥氣外表。
Mercy: Is he handsome, Papa?
Charity: Oh, silly Mercy! …
Pecksniff: … He is well-looking enough.
地道用法分析
Well-looking一般用來(lái)形容一個(gè)人的外貌有吸引力,當(dāng)“好看的,漂亮的”講。但這個(gè)單詞并不僅僅用來(lái)形容女性面容姣好,也可以形容男性外表英俊,本文中就是用來(lái)形容男性。英國(guó)知名作家簡(jiǎn).奧斯汀在她的小說(shuō)《曼斯菲爾德莊園》(Mansfield Park)中,也曾寫(xiě)道:“They were a remarkably fine family, the sons very well-looking …”(他們是有名的富貴之家,兒子們非常英俊……)
場(chǎng)景7
Pecksniff安排家里的仆人Tom Pinch去鎮(zhèn)上接Young Martin來(lái)家里。當(dāng)Young Martin到達(dá)時(shí),Pecksniff和他寒暄,問(wèn)他仆人Tom對(duì)他如何。Young Martin表示自己和Tom相處得很愉快。
Pecksniff: And how has our friend (指Tom Pinch) here been using you, Martin?
Young Martin: Very well indeed, Sir. We are on the very best of terms.
地道用法分析
“We are on the very best of terms”可譯為“我們相處得很好?!本渲械腷e on the very best of terms是固定搭配,形容人與人之間的關(guān)系,表示“相處非常好,關(guān)系非常好”。例如:I know were not exactly on the very best of terms given that you hate me and all. (我知道我們倆的關(guān)系并不好,因?yàn)槟愫尬业囊磺?。)其他和term相關(guān)的習(xí)語(yǔ)還有in terms of (在……方面)、in no uncertain terms (毫不含糊地)、in strong terms (用強(qiáng)烈的措詞)、on equal terms (平等地)等。
作者簡(jiǎn)介
米鹿,英語(yǔ)老師,持上海市高級(jí)口譯證書(shū),喜歡推廣英語(yǔ)在實(shí)際日常生活中的運(yùn)用。