萊奧外科診所和醫(yī)療中心

Léo Surgical Clinic and Health Center

地址：西非布基納法索萊奧

建筑師：Diébédo Francis Kéré

團(tuán)隊(duì)：Diébédo Francis Kéré、Pedro Montero、

Emmanuel Dorsaz、Jamie Keats、Dominique Mayer結(jié)構(gòu)工程：EGC (Entreprise Générale de Construction), Ouagadougou BP

景觀設(shè)計(jì)：Kéré建筑事務(wù)所

客戶：Operieren in Afrika e. V.

建筑面積：1 660平方米

狀態(tài)：已于2014年完工

Location: Léo, Burkina Faso, West Africa

Architect: Diébédo Francis Kéré

Team: Diébédo Francis Kéré, Pedro Montero, Emmanuel Dorsaz,

Jamie Keats, Dominique Mayer

Structural engineering: EGC (Entreprise Générale de Construction), Ouagadougou BP

Landscape design: Kéré Architecture

Client: Operieren in Afrika e. V.

Building Area: 1 660 m2

Status: Completed since 2014

? Kéré Architecture

該項(xiàng)目的目標(biāo)不僅僅是為一個(gè)貧困地區(qū)建造一個(gè)醫(yī)療機(jī)構(gòu)，還要?jiǎng)?chuàng)造鼓舞人心的建筑。Kéré建筑事務(wù)所的基本目標(biāo)是與當(dāng)?shù)厣鐓^(qū)密切協(xié)作，合理使用當(dāng)?shù)刭Y源，使可持續(xù)發(fā)展的影響最大化。Kéré建筑事務(wù)所可以雇傭當(dāng)?shù)毓と瞬⑻峁﹦?chuàng)新型建造技巧的培訓(xùn)。從這個(gè)意義上來說，當(dāng)?shù)貏趧?dòng)者在當(dāng)?shù)仄渌ㄖこ讨姓夜ぷ鲿r(shí)可以使用他們的技能，在完成建造任務(wù)的同時(shí)又發(fā)展了經(jīng)濟(jì)。

為了找到對(duì)生態(tài)環(huán)境影響最小、最可持續(xù)的建造方法，該中心的主建筑使用了壓縮土磚。這些土磚擁有較高的熱質(zhì)量，可以吸收夜晚的涼氣并在白天時(shí)釋放出來，使室內(nèi)保持涼爽的溫度。該診所也有10個(gè)大型重疊屋頂，在雨季保護(hù)土墻，并在白天保護(hù)診所內(nèi)部以及中心周邊區(qū)域免受熱浪的侵襲。屋頂?shù)慕Y(jié)構(gòu)有助于將熱空氣從天花板和金屬屋頂之間的開口處排出，讓涼爽新鮮的空氣可以透過活動(dòng)窗在室內(nèi)自然循環(huán)。布基納法索的溫度通常會(huì)飆升到45攝氏度以上，因此這種被動(dòng)制冷策略對(duì)于使用者獲得舒適的溫度至關(guān)重要。對(duì)于一年中只有三個(gè)月有降雨的地區(qū)來說，雨水的收集和管理對(duì)于當(dāng)?shù)厣鐓^(qū)的健康和福祉以及環(huán)境來說就顯得極為重要。當(dāng)?shù)厥褂昧艘环N雨水和洗滌水收集與過濾系統(tǒng)，以解決周邊植物和樹木的灌溉問題。當(dāng)?shù)剡€使用從太陽(yáng)能電池板中收集的太陽(yáng)能來增加經(jīng)過處理的洗滌水中的含氧量。

The goal of the project was not just to build a medical facility for an impoverished area, but also to create inspiring architecture made by the people. A fundamental goal of Kéré Architecture is to work closely with local communities and resources to maximize sustainable and developmental impact. Kéré Architecture was able to hire local workers and provide training in innovative building methods. In this sense, the local labor is able to use their skills in finding work on other construction sites in the region, promoting economical development beyond the initial building process.

In planning for the most sustainable building solution with least ecological impact, the main construction of the Center is compressed earth bricks. Their high thermal mass allows them to absorb the cool night air and release it during the day, helping keep the interior spaces cool. The clinic also features 10 large overlapping roofs that protect the clay walls during the rainy season as well as shade the interiors and surrounding spaces of the Center from the hot daytime sun. The roof structures are also designed to draw hot air through the openings between the ceiling and metal roof, promoting the natural circulation of cool fresh air through the operable windows. This passive cooling strategy is essential to the thermal comfort of the users, as temperatures in Burkina Faso regularly climb to over 45 degrees Celsius.

For a region that receives precipitation only three months out of the year, water collection and management is extremely important for the health and welfare of the local community as well as the environment. A rainwater and greywater collection and filtration system was introduced in order to irrigate surrounding plants and trees. Oxygen is added to the treated greywater using solar energy collected from panels on site as well.

? Kéré Architecture

? Kéré Architecture

? Kéré Architecture

? Kéré Architecture