建筑設(shè)計(jì)：斯蒂文霍爾建筑師事務(wù)所Architects: Steven Holl Architects

成都來福士，成都，中國
CapitaLand Raのes City Chengdu, Chengdu, China, 2012

建筑設(shè)計(jì)：斯蒂文霍爾建筑師事務(wù)所Architects: Steven Holl Architects

切開的通透體快

成都來福士位于成都市中心一環(huán)路和人民南路交會處，“切開的通透體快”創(chuàng)造了巨大的公共廣場，是多功能的城市綜合體。項(xiàng)目旨在建造一個(gè)都市公共空間，而不是僅僅打造一個(gè)地標(biāo)性摩天大樓。項(xiàng)目面積約28萬m2的建筑形態(tài)源于自然光線的分布。為保證周邊城市體塊獲得最小化的日光直射，機(jī)構(gòu)骨骼式的混泥土框架被以特定的幾何角度準(zhǔn)確切分。建筑結(jié)構(gòu)為白色混泥土，1.83m開口滿足地震對角線要求；而被“切開”的剖面為玻璃。

大型公共區(qū)形成的地塊中心組成三座“河谷”，設(shè)計(jì)靈感來自當(dāng)?shù)氐膫ゴ笤娙硕鸥Γ?13-770）的詩句“支離東北風(fēng)塵際，漂泊西南天地間，三峽樓臺淹日月，五溪衣服共云山”。三個(gè)廣場上流水花園的設(shè)計(jì)以時(shí)間觀念為基礎(chǔ)，分別寓意著中國的年月日。三個(gè)水池充當(dāng)下方6層高的購物中心的天窗。

“微型都市生活體”的理念在大都會場地內(nèi)創(chuàng)造了適合人居住尺度的建筑，雙門商店朝向大街和購物中心開放。三個(gè)巨大的開口分別是斯蒂文霍爾建筑師事務(wù)所設(shè)計(jì)的歷史館、利布斯·伍茲設(shè)計(jì)的光之館和中國雕塑家韓美林設(shè)計(jì)的本土藝術(shù)館。

成都來福士由468個(gè)地?zé)峋岷椭评?、廣場中巨大的池塘可回收雨水，天然草地和睡蓮帶來了天然的冷卻效果。項(xiàng)目采用高性能的玻璃、高效節(jié)能設(shè)備和當(dāng)?shù)夭牧系榷喾N措施達(dá)到LEED黃金認(rèn)證標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。

關(guān)于入口

斯蒂文霍爾建筑師事務(wù)所的方案切開的通透體快的核心是多孔城市。該地段的醒目位置，毗鄰人民南路，為創(chuàng)建一個(gè)城市平臺的可能性提供了一系列獨(dú)特的優(yōu)勢，城市平臺將以12,000m2廣場的形式坐落在這個(gè)項(xiàng)目的中心，而所有的功能和活動都將圍繞著它來組織。這一公共空間自然地融合了人民南路的開放空間，成為遍布全市的局部開放空間網(wǎng)絡(luò)的獨(dú)特補(bǔ)充。這個(gè)公共平臺有5個(gè)主要入口，每一個(gè)都是由臨近環(huán)境的特定視圖和人行通道提煉出來的。這些入口是由建筑形式的空隙提供的，增強(qiáng)了多孔的理念。這些開口不僅能使人達(dá)到多層廣場，而且還可以使人達(dá)到項(xiàng)目中大量的末端部分，因此將多孔的概念應(yīng)用于該項(xiàng)目的內(nèi)部功能空間。切開的通透體快的核心提案使得城市中的社交平臺的景觀蓬勃發(fā)展，并已成為一個(gè)成都的本地人和游客都常去的地點(diǎn)?！酰愑隇t 譯；入口一段由斯蒂文霍爾建筑師事務(wù)所北京區(qū)總監(jiān)羅伯特撰寫）

1 概念草圖/Concept skecthes

3 概念草圖/Concept skecthes

2 概念草圖/Concept skecthes

4 概念草圖/Concept skecthes

5 從人民南路看切開的通透體塊/Sliced Porosity Block as seen from Ren Min Nan Lu

6 外景/Exterior view

7 總平面/Master plan

8 位于綜合體中心的公共廣場與成都開放的社交環(huán)境融為一體/A public plaza, at the centre of the complex, merges with Chengdu's network of open and social places.

9 太陽光板向周圍建筑提供自然光/Sun slices provide natural light to neighboring buildings

10 多功能綜合體的中心是一個(gè)12,000m2的多層廣場/A 12,000m2 multi-level plaza is provided at the centre of this mix-use complex

Sliced Porosity Block

In the centre of Chengdu, China, at the intersection of the first Ring Road and Ren Min Nan Road, the Sliced Porosity Block-CapitaLand Raffles City forms large public plazas with a hybrid of different functions.Creating a metropolitan public space instead of objecticon skyscrapers, this three-million-square-foot project takes its shape from its distribution of natural light.The required minimum sunlight exposures to the surrounding urban fabric prescribe precise geometric angles that slice the exoskeletal concrete frame of the structure. The building structure is white concrete organised in six-foot-high openings with earthquake diagonals as required while the "sliced" sections are glass.

The large public space framed in the centre of the block is formed into three valleys inspired by a poem of the city's greatest poet, DU Fu (713-770 CE),who wrote, "From the northeast storm-tossed to the southwest, time has left stranded in Three Valleys."The three plaza levels feature water gardens based on concepts of time – the Fountain of the Chinese Calendar Year, Fountain of Twelve Months, and Fountain of そirty Days. These three ponds function as skylights to the six-story shopping precinct below.

Establishing human scale in this metropolitan rectangle is achieved through the concept of "micro urbanism," with double-fronted shops open to the street as well as the shopping centre. Three large openings are sculpted into the mass of the towers as the sites of the pavilion of history, designed by Steven Holl Architects, the Light Pavilion by Lebbeus Woods, and the Local Art Pavilion.

The Sliced Porosity Block is heated and cooled with 468 geothermal wells and the large ponds in the plaza harvest recycled rainwater, while the natural grasses and lily pads create a natural cooling effect.High performance glazing, energy-eきcient equipment and the use of regional materials are among the other methods employed to reach the LEED Gold rating.

Entrance

Urban Porosity is at the centre of Steven Holl Architect's proposal in the Sliced Porosity Block.

The prominent location of the site, adjacent to Ren Min Nan Lu, provided a unique set of advantages that would potentiate the creation of an urban platform, in the shape of a 12,000m2plaza at the centre of this project, around which all programme functions and activities would be organized.

This public space merged naturally with the open space of Ren Min Nan Lu, becoming a singular addition to the network of vernacular open spaces distributed throughout the city.

There are 5 main entrances to this public platform, each one drawn from specific view and pedestrian corridors in the immediate surroundings.These entrances were provided by voids operating the architectural form, enhancing the principles of Porosity.

These openings would not only provide access to the multi-level plaza, but would also provide access to the large retail component of the project,therefore applying the idea of Porosity to interior programme spaces of the project.

The Sliced Porosity Block's central proposal invigorates the landscape of social platforms in the city, and has become a much-visited venue by Chengdu's patrons and visitors alike.□ (Text of Entrance is written by Roberto Bannura, Director,Steven Holl Architects)

11 廣場與商店入口面對著遠(yuǎn)處的人民南路與天府廣場/Plaza and retail entrance, facing Ren Min Nan Lu and Tianfu Square beyond

12 穿過太陽光板的城市通透體/Urban porosity through sun slices

13 穿過太陽光板的城市通透體/Urban porosity through sun slices

14 首層平面/Ground fl oor plan

15 二層平面/1th fl oor plan

16 三層平面/2nd fl oor plan

17 四層平面/3rd fl oor plan

項(xiàng)目信息/Credits and Data

客戶/Client: 凱德集團(tuán)/CapitaLand China

主創(chuàng)建筑師/Design Architects: Steven Holl, LI Hu

項(xiàng)目總負(fù)責(zé)人/Director in Charge: Roberto Bannura

項(xiàng)目建筑師/Project Architects: WU Lan (Beijing); Haiko Cornelissen, Peter Englaender, Jong Seo Lee (New York)

項(xiàng)目設(shè)計(jì)師/Project Designers: Christiane Deptolla, Inge Goudsmit, Jackie Luk, Maki Matsubayashi, Sarah Nichols,Manta Weihermann, Martin Zimmerli

項(xiàng)目團(tuán)隊(duì)/Project Team: Justin Allen, Jason Anderson,Francesco Bartolozzi, CAO Guanlan, Yimei Chan,Sofie Holm Christensen, Esin Erez, Ayat Fadaifard, FU Mingcheng, Forrest Fulton, Runar Halldorsson, M.Emran Hossain, Joseph Kan, LI Suping, Tz-Li Lin, LIU Yan, Daijiro Nakayama, Pietro Peyron, Roberto Requejo, Elena Rojas-Danielsen, Michael Rusch, Ida Sze, Filipe Taboada, Ebbie Wisecarver, Human Tieliu Wu, Jin-Ling Yu

合作建筑師/Associate Architects: 中國建筑科學(xué)研究院/China Academy of Building Research (XUE Ming, WANG Zhenming,LU Yan)

機(jī)電與防火工程/Mep and Fire Engineer: Ove Arup & Partners LEED顧問/LEED Consultant: Ove Arup & Partners

可持續(xù)概念顧問/Sustainability Concept Consultant: Transsolar結(jié)構(gòu)工程/Structural Engineer: 中國建筑科學(xué)研究院/China Academy of Building Research

照明顧問/Lighting Consultant: L'Observatoire International工程造價(jià)/Quantity Surveyor: Davis Langdon

交通顧問/Traきc Consultant: MVA Hong Kong Ltd

功能/Program: 5座辦公塔樓、服務(wù)型公寓、商鋪、旅館、咖啡廳、餐廳，以及大型城市公共廣場/Five towers with offices, serviced apartments, retail, a hotel, cafes,restaurants, and large urban public plaza

基地面積/Site Area: 32,571m2

建筑面積/Floor Area: 地上/Above: 195,000m2; 地下/Below:115,000m2

施工時(shí)間/Construction Period: 2008.10-2012.11

攝影/Photos: Iwan Baan, HE Shu, Steven Holl Architcts

評論

張路峰：這一組看上去有點(diǎn)眼花繚亂的商業(yè)項(xiàng)目其實(shí)可以理解為一個(gè)簡單的空間原型：一個(gè)倒置的“桌子”?！白劳取辈糠质歉邔铀?，相鄰塔樓之間的玻璃幕墻使得相互之間有了關(guān)聯(lián)，仿佛是一個(gè)被切開的環(huán)形整體，加強(qiáng)了場地中間的圍合感?！白烂妗辈糠质且粋€(gè)三層的臺地空間，街道層的商業(yè)人流可以通過自動扶梯逐級攀登到各個(gè)平臺，形成立體商業(yè)廣場。多級入口層的處理手法將商業(yè)街道引入街區(qū)內(nèi)部，增加了開設(shè)臨街店面的機(jī)會，提升了用地的價(jià)值。在寸土寸金的商業(yè)中心區(qū)，這種空間原型對于高密度、高品質(zhì)商業(yè)開發(fā)具有普遍意義。

范路：在成都來福士項(xiàng)目中，高層的建筑體塊，圍合出巨大的中心公共廣場。這個(gè)多層的屋頂活動平臺有5個(gè)不同形態(tài)的主要入口，連通周邊的城市開放空間。從平面上看，這5個(gè)入口均以斜切的方式（4個(gè)均近乎45o角）穿過建筑形體。這既便利地引導(dǎo)了城市人流，更呼應(yīng)了上部建筑的削切形體處理與斜撐結(jié)構(gòu)元素。

18 水池里倒映出周圍景色，形成微氣候，同時(shí)其底部的巨大天窗還向商場低層空間提供流轉(zhuǎn)的自然光/Re fl ecting pond and sense of microclimate. Shimmering natural light is provided to lower fl oors of the mall through a large skylight at the bottom of the pond.

19 利布斯·伍茲設(shè)計(jì)的位于酒店塔樓中的光之館/Light pavilion by Lebbeus Woods in hotel tower space

Comments

ZHANG Lufeng: This group of dazzling commercial buildings can actually be interpreted as a simple spatial prototype: an upside down "table." The "table leg" part is represented by high-rise towers with glass curtain walls with relevance between adjacent towers, which present as a carved ring-shaped body that reinforces the enclosure of the spatial centre. While the "tabletop board" part is a three-tier platform, in which customers can reach each platform by elevator from street on the ground, hence forming a three-dimensional commercial plaza. Entrances of multi-tier structure may introduce commercial streets into the block, which increase the frontage commercial opportunities as well as enhancing the value of land. For the commercial centre of higher land cost, this space prototype has universal signi fi cance for high-density and high-quality commercial development.

FAN Lu: In the project of Capital Land Raffles City Chengdu, the group of high-rise buildings is located around a huge centre plaza. There are 5 main entrances to this multi-level rooftop platform, connecting it to the public urban space around. In ground fl oor plan, these 5 entrances cut through building blocks obliquely - 4 in about 45 angles. With this arrangement, people could access the public platform more conveniently. In form,those oblique entrances echo to the chamfered building volumes and diagonal bracing structural elements.

20 利布斯·伍茲設(shè)計(jì)的位于酒店塔樓中的光之館/Light pavilion by Lebbeus Woods in hotel tower space