山羊棚，巴伐利亞，德國

建筑設計：屈恩萊因建筑事務所

這個木制立方體被減化到僅剩下必需的部分，應該稱得上農業(yè)建筑結合周圍自然景觀的良好案例。山羊棚外觀復古，位于奧伯法爾茲的一側，屬于德國巴伐利亞的一部分。沒有昂貴的設計、計算或建筑材料，這個雄心勃勃的建筑僅靠木梁堆疊的想法實現，是一個使建成品可以從五金店誕生的經濟型做法。這座建筑使得過去在該地區(qū)很常見的傳統(tǒng)砌塊建造得到了新的詮釋。由于其提出的迷人的簡潔性，這個項目獲得了巴伐利亞木材獎“Holzbaupreis Bayern 2014”?！酰愑隇t 譯）

項目信息/Credits and Data

地點/Location: 德國巴伐利亞索伊伯斯多夫/Seubersdorf, Bavaria, Germany

攝影/Photos: Erich Spahn, Micheal Kühnlein

1-2 外景/Exterior views

3 平面/Plan

4 剖面/Section

The wooden cube, reduced to the necessities,should be a positive example for agricultural buildings integrating the free landscape around it. With its archaic appearance, the goat barn is situated on a flank in the southern Oberpfalz, a part of Bavaria, Germany. Without the necessary of an expensive planning, calculations or building materials, it is only the idea of the piled timber beams to reach ambitious architecture, nevertheless an economically alternative to the fi nished products from the hardware store. With this building, the traditional block construction, in the past usually seen in the region, meets a new interpretation.Fascinated by the proposal of captivating simplicity,the project is prized with the Bavarian timber award"Holzbaupreis Bayern 2014".□

5 側面/Side

6 后門/Back door

評論

胡戎叡：這種用木梁堆疊而成的山羊棚具有簡潔的長方體外形，是可以簡單工藝加以組裝的標準化產品。它并不強調明確的地域屬性，可以移動到任何地方，猶如游牧民族四處遷移的帳篷一般。盡管木梁堆疊的建構方式依稀可見傳統(tǒng)磚砌體的痕跡，但與磚砌體相比，盡顯本色的木構建筑與周邊草木環(huán)境的關系更為柔和、更為融洽。由木梁堆疊過程中抽去部分木梁而形成水平帶形窗的手法十分簡潔而純粹，這些水平帶形高窗在保證山羊棚正常通風采光條件的同時，還具有更好的防護性。

青鋒：16世紀，塞巴斯蒂亞諾·塞利奧論及鄉(xiāng)村住宅時提到，相鄰的住房與牛棚之間應該設置窗戶面向生火的地方，這樣牛在晚間就可以看見火光，白天就不會驚慌。同樣，如果牛棚有面向東方的窗戶讓日出的第一道光線進入，也能起到同樣的作用。塞利奧的話讓我們意識到，牛和羊這樣的熟悉而溫純的家畜在性情上與人類有多么的相似，我們可以將人類建筑的手段運用于它們身上。山羊棚就是這一邏輯的產物，不加修飾的木材，原始的疊木式結構，以及謙遜的形態(tài)，顯然建筑師在追求一種純粹的簡單性。繼續(xù)這樣的邏輯，如果山羊喜歡這樣的棚子，或許我們需要的也是這樣簡單的居所。

7 內景/Interior view

Comments

HU Rongrui: In the shape of a plain cube piled up by wooden sticks, this goat barn is a standardised product that can be assembled via simple craft. It does not stress on its regional nature and can be moved to any place like the tent of nomadic people that can be moved around. Though the trace of traditional bricklaying method can be seen in the construction methods of piling wooden sticks, the natural wooden structure forms a more gentle and more harmonious relationship with the surrounding grasses and woods. The technique of forming horizontal ribbon window by pulling out certain wooden sticks in the process of piling-up is very plain and pure. These horizontal ribbon high windows not only guarantee the ventilation and daylight of the goat barn, but also are safer.

QING Feng: In the 16th century, when talking about houses built in countryside, Sebastiano Serlio mentioned that there should be a window in the wall separating the house and the oxen stable. If ox can see the fire burning in the house through this window,it will not be afraid in the day. Similarly, a window allowing the fi rst rays of the rising sun come into the stable will have the same bene fi t. Serlio's words bring to our awareness, how much these domestic animals are close to human beings. It enables us to transplant human architectural measures to the stables for these animals. Goat Barn is de finitely a result of such transplantation. Unadorned wood, primitive method of wood piling and the humble form, all indicate that the architect aims at a kind of pure simplicity.Following this logic, if the goat likes it, maybe we would like a residence as simple as this barn.