文/賈從永

一、小作文

Directions:

Suppose you have to cancel your travel plan and will not be able to visit Professor Smith.Write him an email to

1)apologize and explain the situation, and

2)suggest a future meeting.

You should write about 100 words neatly on the ANSWER SHEET.

Do not use your own name at the end of the email.Use“Li Ming”instead.(10 points)

2018年考研英語二的小作文假設(shè)你取消了出行計劃，不能如約去拜訪史密斯先生，要求你寫一封電子郵件表達你的歉意并解釋情況，然后建議一個下次見面的時間。電子郵件的格式與書信相同，只需從稱呼寫起，我們不妨稱對方為Professor Smith。稱呼要頂格寫，后面用逗號。

這封電子郵件的正文可以寫成三段。由于這是一封私人信函，第一段可以先略作寒暄，接著表明寫信目的：致歉。這樣我們就完成了題目中所規(guī)定的第一個交際任務(wù)。第二段依次完成題目中的另外兩個交際任務(wù)：首先向史密斯先生解釋你不能成行的原因。這需要考生的自由發(fā)揮，只要合情合理就行，比如可以說自己剛收到寶潔公司的電子郵件，通知自己去參加一個面試，而這次面試對你又非常重要等。接著再次致歉，并向史密斯先生提出建議：下周六與他見面。無論是致歉、解釋還是建議，都要注意通過適當?shù)脑~匯和語法手段做到恭敬有禮。第三段希望對方接受自己的歉意，并在方便的時候盡早給予答復(fù)。書信的最后是署名，寫在正文下方中間偏右的位置，一般分兩行書寫，上一行可寫Yours sincerely，下一行寫Li Ming，上下對齊。下面請看范文：

Dear Prof.Smith,

How are you doing? I am writing to apologize to you, as I have to cancel my travel plan and will not be able to visit you as scheduled this Saturday.

I received an email from P&G today, which informed me that I am to attend an interview this weekend.You know I have always been trying to get an internship with the company.I am extremely sorry that I cannot keep my promise, but I wonder if we could meet next Saturday.

I hope you can accept my apologies and send me a reply at your earliest convenience.

Yours sincerely,

Li Ming

二、大作文

Directions：

Write an essay based on the following chart.In your writing you should

1)interpret the chart, and

2)give your comments

You should write about 150 words on the ANSWER SHEET.（15 points）

繼2015、2016年 之 后 ，2018年考研英語二的大作文又一次考了餅形圖。餅形圖用扇面的大小表示不同的比例，可以形象直觀地進行橫向比較。在上面這幅餅形圖中，我們可以看到消費者在選擇餐廳時最關(guān)注的是特色，其次是服務(wù)，再次是環(huán)境，最后是價格。須注意的是，此處的特色指的是具有某種特殊風味的菜肴或者特色菜，即speciality或specialty。而且，這里的環(huán)境主要是指給消費者帶來美好用餐體驗的氛圍或格調(diào)，即ambience。

我們一般把圖表作文寫成三個段落。

引言段完成寫作指令中的第一點任務(wù)——描述圖表。我們在描述餅形圖時須注意三點：第一，不能僅僅把圖表中的數(shù)據(jù)引述一番，最好首先概括出圖中反映的現(xiàn)象或趨勢。結(jié)合這幅餅形圖下方的文字，我們可以看出這幅餅形圖所反映的現(xiàn)象是2017年某市消費者選擇餐廳時所關(guān)注的不同因素。因此，我們在描述圖表時要先用一句話把這個信息告訴讀者。第二，在描述圖表時要按一定的順序，不能東一榔頭西一棒槌。比如，我們在描述這幅餅形圖時可以按從大到小的順序依次描述。第三，描述圖表要簡潔。圖表中的數(shù)據(jù)往往有很多，我們在描述時不能眉毛胡子一把抓，可以做適當?shù)臍w類、簡化和計算，這樣讀者才會一目了然。

主體段對圖表的內(nèi)容發(fā)表評論。我們一般分析圖表中所反映的現(xiàn)象的原因。就本圖而言，我們可以分析中國某市消費者在選擇餐廳時做如此考慮的原因。分析原因沒有標準答案，只要能自圓其說即可。比如，我們可以把原因歸結(jié)為中國人的生活水平提高了。然后從三個方面進行分析：首先，中國人早已解決了溫飽問題，所以去餐廳不再滿足于吃飽吃好，而是要嘗試一下異域風味的菜肴，所以餐廳的特色就成了人們首要考慮的因素。其次，現(xiàn)在人們?nèi)ゲ蛷d不僅僅是為了吃飯，還要獲得愉悅的用餐體驗。因此，周到的服務(wù)和優(yōu)雅的環(huán)境就顯得非常重要。最后，由于收入的普遍增長，雖然人們追求性價比，但價格的重要性顯然已經(jīng)大大降低。這樣，我們對圖表中的現(xiàn)象就給出了合理的解釋。

結(jié)尾段可以先用一句話總結(jié)全文，然后做出預(yù)測：隨著中國經(jīng)濟的健康發(fā)展，中國人將會有更加令人滿意的用餐體驗。下面請看范文：

The pie chart above shows the factors people in a Chinese city took into account when deciding where to dine in 2017.Speciality is the most important factor, which made up 36.3%, followed by service(27.4%)and ambience(24.3%), with price accounting for only 7.3%.

This is a natural result of improvement in people’s living standard.To begin with, having already met the basic needs for food, people are now no longer contented with having a slap-up meal when eating out;they want to try exotic cuisines.Therefore, speciality has become a top priority when they dine out.Besides, people now go to a restaurant not just for food itself, but for a quality dining experience.So a good service and a pleasant ambience are also of high importance.Due to ageneral rise in income, price has declined in importance, though diners still want to get value for money.

The change in priorities reflects the robust growth in average household income in China.We can safely predict that with the healthy development of the country’s economy, the Chinese will have a more satisfying dining experience.(186 words)

語言亮點借鑒：

1.The pie chart above shows the factors people in a Chinese city took into account when deciding where to dine in 2017.上面這幅餅形圖顯示了中國某市居民在2017年選擇餐館時所考慮的因素。take into account 考慮。

2.Speciality is the most important factor, which made up 36.3%, followed by service(27.4%)and ambience(24.3%), with price accounting for only 7.3%.特色是最重要的考慮因素，占了36.3%，接下來是服務(wù)（27.4%）和環(huán)境（24.3%），價格僅占7.3%。

3.To begin with, having already met the basic needs for food, people are now no longer contented with having a slap-up meal when eating out; they want to try exotic cuisines.首先，由于早已滿足了對食物的基本需求，現(xiàn)在人們出去吃飯不再滿足于吃一頓大餐，他們想嘗試一下異域風味的菜肴。slap-upadj.（指飯菜）豐盛的，美味的。exoticadj.具有異國情調(diào)的，外來的。

4.Besides, people now go to a restaurant not just for food itself, but for a quality dining experience.此外，現(xiàn)在人們?nèi)ゲ蛷d不僅僅是為了吃飯，而是要獲得高質(zhì)量的用餐體驗。qualityadj.優(yōu)質(zhì)的，高質(zhì)量的。

5.So a good service and a pleasant ambience are also of high importance.所以良好的服務(wù)和宜人的環(huán)境也非常重要。be of high importance 非常重要。

6.Due to a general rise in income, price has declined in importance, though diners still want to get value for money.由于收入的普遍增加，價格的重要性已經(jīng)降低，雖然用餐者仍想錢花得值。value for money 劃算，花錢值得。

7.We can safely predict that with the healthy development of the country’s economy, the Chinese will have a more satisfying dining experience.我們可以有把握地預(yù)測，隨著中國經(jīng)濟的健康發(fā)展，中國人將會有更加令人滿意的用餐體驗。safelyadv.有把握地。 □