王霞
【關(guān)鍵詞】英語教學(xué);繪本;思維能力
【中圖分類號】G623.31 【文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)志碼】B 【文章編號】1005-6009(2019)09-0058-05
【設(shè)計(jì)理念】
1.找準(zhǔn)繪本圖文的關(guān)鍵,引導(dǎo)觀察想象。繪本之所以受小學(xué)生喜愛,是因?yàn)樗粌H以文字,更以圖片來講故事。繪本有精美的畫面、明麗的色彩,這本身就容易吸引學(xué)生的注意力,而圖片所營造的意境,則可以給學(xué)生以想象的空間。教學(xué)時(shí),教師可以借助圖片關(guān)鍵點(diǎn),培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的思維能力,提高其語言表達(dá)能力。如此一來,原本無聲的、靜止的畫面就能變得鮮活起來,文本也可以變得更加豐滿。
2.挖掘圖片與生活的聯(lián)系,引發(fā)認(rèn)知沖突。在繪本教學(xué)中,教師借助主人公小兔子的眼,引導(dǎo)學(xué)生領(lǐng)略四季更迭、氣候變化的自然之美,同時(shí)學(xué)生可以結(jié)合自身的知識和生活經(jīng)驗(yàn),大膽地推測或預(yù)測小兔子在新的一年中的活動,并用英語來表達(dá)所聞所見所想。
3.聚焦繪本圖片的情感,提升思維品質(zhì)。英語閱讀不僅是解碼和理解的過程,更應(yīng)是“悅讀”的過程,而“悅讀”就要有情感的參與。本課教學(xué),筆者充分利用圖片設(shè)置問題,引導(dǎo)學(xué)生循序漸進(jìn)地走進(jìn)繪本,在師生、生生的對話、合作、交流中關(guān)注人物性格特征及故事情節(jié),尤其是在此過程中感受英語語言之美,讓學(xué)生在視聽中遷移情感,在朗讀中感同身受,在表演中激發(fā)思維活力,從而實(shí)現(xiàn)學(xué)生思維品質(zhì)的提升。
【教學(xué)目標(biāo)】
(1)能聽懂、會說、會讀以下單詞和詞組:hollow, pick, chase the butterflies,lie, pond, keep dry,walk, beach, leaves,fall from,get ready for, curl up and dream.(2)能正確理解、有感情地朗讀繪本。(3)能用相關(guān)句型描述一年四季的活動,并表達(dá)對生活的愛。
【課堂實(shí)錄】
Step 1 Warm up
教師用親切的話語和學(xué)生談話,同時(shí)邊說邊演謎底為小兔子的謎語,逐步將學(xué)生引向繪本。
Step 2 Pre-reading
T: Today I bring a picture book about a rabbit.Please look at the cover of the picture book(見圖1).The book was written by Richard Scarry. He was a famous writer in the USA.The name of the book is...
Ss: I am a Bunny.(板書課題,教授:bunny)
T: A bunny is a baby rabbit.(板書a baby rabbit)Lets look at the bunny.What colour is the T-shirt?What colour is the overall?What do you think of the bunny?
S:...
T: Do you want to know something about him?Lets ask him some questions.
Ss: Whats your name? How old are you? What do you like?Where do you live?Which season do you like?...
首先,讀故事封面,讓學(xué)生了解讀者,認(rèn)讀標(biāo)題。接著,引導(dǎo)學(xué)生觀察封面人物的面部表情、肢體語言、衣著等細(xì)節(jié),獲取信息,讓學(xué)生對故事產(chǎn)生好奇心。此環(huán)節(jié)的目的在于通過讀圖、思考、表達(dá)等一系列活動,培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的思維能力,并推動教學(xué)向前展開。
Step 3 While reading
1.帶著問題閱讀繪本第1頁。
T: Lets find the answer in the book. Turn to P1 and read together.
板書a hollow tree并畫圖,教授:hollow。
T:How many seasons are there in a year?What are they?
S: Four. They are spring,summer,autumn and winter.(教師板書四季單詞)
T:Which season do you like?Why?
S: I like...Because...
T:The bunny likes all the seasons. Why? Lets read again.
此環(huán)節(jié),教師將故事文本和圖片直觀形象地呈現(xiàn)給學(xué)生,讓學(xué)生初步感知故事。教師通過4個(gè)問題帶領(lǐng)學(xué)生復(fù)習(xí)四季舊知,激發(fā)學(xué)生探究小兔子四季活動的興趣,并為接下來的精讀故事環(huán)節(jié)做足鋪墊。
2.教學(xué)兔子春季活動。
T: Spring comes into the park. Whats in the park?
S:Some flowers and trees./...
T: How nice.Can you draw two flowers?
S:Yes, I can try.(上黑板畫圖)
T:Well done. What does the bunny like to do in spring? Lets listen and circle.(教師讀繪本2、3頁,學(xué)生圈出答案)
A. Fly a kite. B. Pick flowers.
C. Chase the butterflies. D. Go fishing.
S:B&C.;(教師板書pick,chase并畫蝴蝶圖,教授pick,并做動作)
T: Look at the pictures.(出示繪本第2頁)What colour are the flowers?
S: White and yellow.
T: Are they beautiful?
Ss: Yes.
T: Lets read beautifully.
T:(出示第3頁)Wow,so many butterflies.Some are big,some are little.Lets count the big butterflies.(教師邊指圖邊演唱根據(jù)Ten Little Indian Boys改編的歌曲)One big, two big, three big butterflies. Four big,five big,six big butterflies...
T: Now its your turn.Lets count the little butterflies.Can you sing?
Ss: One little...(學(xué)生邊數(shù)邊集體演唱)
T:Im the bunny.(佩戴bunny頭飾)You are the butterflies.
T:I chase the butterflies and the butterflies chase me.(教師和學(xué)生一起表演)
T:Do you often chase butterflies?
S: Yes.
T: Where?
S: In the park...
T: When you see so many butterflies,how do you feel?
S: Happy./Interesting./Funny.
T: Lets read happily.(兩手做蝴蝶飛行狀)
以上教學(xué),教師讓學(xué)生聽故事的第一部分,然后圈出答案,畫出鮮花圖,并用演唱歌曲的方式來數(shù)蝴蝶,梳理小兔子在春天喜歡做的事情,同時(shí)利用TPR 讓學(xué)生操練動作詞組pick flowers/chase butterflies。在教師夸張的表演和精準(zhǔn)示范的帶動下,學(xué)生的表演欲被激發(fā),他們躍躍欲試,這為下一環(huán)節(jié)的表演打下了基礎(chǔ)。
3.教學(xué)兔子夏季活動。
T: The sun is shining.(畫圖)Its too hot. Which season comes?
S: Summer.
T: What does the bunny like to do in summer? Read from P4 to P7 and underline.
Ss:Lie in the sun. Watch the birds/frogs. Keep dry. Walk on the beach.(教師板書詞組并畫鳥和青蛙)
T: Turn to P4. Who can read?(生讀)
T: So comfortable! Lets lie on the chair and lift up the book. What can you see?
S: The blue sky. The lovely birds. The trees. The white clouds.
T: Please sit straight and watch carefully. Where are the frogs?(P5)
S: Maybe in the river/lake/pond.
師畫池塘圖。
T:What can the frogs do?
S: Jump/Swim/Sing.
T:Lets read P5.
T:(P6)Its raining. Where is the frog now?
S: Under the mushroom.
T: But where is the bunny?
S: Under the mushroom.
T: He can keep dry under it.
PPT:A.淋濕 B.不被淋濕,讓學(xué)生猜keep dry 的含義。
Ss: B.
T:(P7) When the rain stops,(做深呼吸狀)the air is fresh,the trees are green.I walk on the beach.(做散步狀)Now,be quick,quick. Run,run,run. Now,slowly.Walk, walk.(讓學(xué)生起立,一起動起來,區(qū)別walk和run)
T:Heres the sea. Whats beside the sea?
S: The beach.
T: Read in your group and act out.(四人一組,戴頭飾表演P4 ~ P7)
在教師的引導(dǎo)下,學(xué)生細(xì)讀文本,知道了小兔子夏季的活動,也從側(cè)面表現(xiàn)出小兔子對夏季的喜愛。然后,教師引導(dǎo)學(xué)生觀察圖片上動物們的表情、肢體動作,讓學(xué)生明白這些動物夏季悠閑的生活。故事表演會讓學(xué)生有一種身臨其境的感覺,從而深入體會小兔子的內(nèi)心情感。
4.教學(xué)兔子秋季活動。
T: Which season comes after summer?
Ss: Autumn.
T: We can also say“fall”.(板書并教授:fall)Guess,what does the bunny like to do in autumn?
Ss:Maybe go climbing/dance/have a picnic/play football/play basketball/...
T:(在a hollow tree旁畫幾片樹葉)What are these?
S: Leaves.
T:(邊做動作邊讀)I like to watch the leaves falling from the tree.(板書fall from并教學(xué))
T:(P8)The leaves are colourful. What do they look like?
Ss:Butterflies,F(xiàn)lowers,Birds...
T:(P9)Wonderful!What about the animals?
S: They get ready for winter.(板書get ready for并教學(xué))
T: What do they get ready for?
Ss: Food,fruit,houses,flying to the south...
教師講解秋天的另一種表達(dá)fall,同時(shí)引導(dǎo)學(xué)生展開想象,猜測小兔子喜歡的秋季活動,觀察落葉的形狀及顏色,說說動物們?yōu)槎熳隽诵┦裁礈?zhǔn)備。這個(gè)環(huán)節(jié)旨在激發(fā)和培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的想象力和創(chuàng)造意識。
5.教學(xué)兔子冬季活動。
T: The animals get ready for winter. What colour is winter?
S: White.
T: The hollow tree is white.The field is white.(教師邊畫雪花邊問)Whats this?
S:Some snow.
T: Yes. I like to watch the snow falling from the sky.(邊說邊做動作)
T:(P10)What can the bunny watch?
Ss: The snowman./White trees./The sky./...(教師畫雪人圖)
T:(P11)Where is the bunny now?
S: In the hollow tree.
T: He likes to curl up.(教師做蜷縮狀,板書并教學(xué)curl up)Why does he curl up?
S: Because he is cold.
T: He likes to dream about spring too.(做睡覺狀,板書并教學(xué)dream)
以上教學(xué),從秋季動物準(zhǔn)備過冬物品,自然過渡到冬季。教師提問:如果你是那只兔子,在冬季你會看到什么?教師畫出雪人圖,吸引學(xué)生注意力,引導(dǎo)他們探索故事中小兔子的活動。此設(shè)計(jì)讓學(xué)生在語境中接觸、體驗(yàn)和理解真實(shí)語言,使學(xué)生的英語學(xué)習(xí)更有效。
Step 4 Development
T: Four seasons make a year.(教師把4個(gè)季節(jié)單詞用箭頭連起來,并在中間寫上a year)When spring comes again, how old is the bunny?
S: Two.
T: What will he do in this new year?Choose your favourite season, finish the composition.(作業(yè)紙范例)For example:Hello, I am Tony. I am a rabbit now. I live in a big hollow tree.In spring,...In summer,...In autumn,...In winter,...
T: Its your show time.(讓學(xué)生帶頭飾展示貼好的彩色蝴蝶作文圖,作文紙呈蝴蝶狀,四個(gè)碟翅上分別寫有In spring, In summer , In autumn, In winter, )
T:Do you like this picture book?
T: Lets enjoy reading,enjoy our colourful life.
通過小組合作,學(xué)生將自己喜歡的季節(jié)活動寫下來并進(jìn)行表演,這樣可以調(diào)動學(xué)生已有的知識儲備,并從語言輸入走向語言輸出。此外,彩色蝴蝶作業(yè)紙也是本課的思維導(dǎo)圖,能讓學(xué)生更好地把握本課的脈絡(luò)。
本課的板書重在生成,整個(gè)板書就是四季活動的思維導(dǎo)圖,每個(gè)季節(jié)用不同顏色的粉筆板書,春季綠色、夏季紅色、秋季黃色、冬季白色,體現(xiàn)各個(gè)季節(jié)特點(diǎn)。板書重點(diǎn)突出,學(xué)生可以通過板書中的重點(diǎn)詞組和圖片復(fù)述課文。
【教后反思】
1.閱讀策略指導(dǎo)具體而實(shí)在。本節(jié)課,筆者運(yùn)用了多種教學(xué)策略指導(dǎo)學(xué)生進(jìn)行閱讀活動,如帶著問題進(jìn)行探究式閱讀;運(yùn)用細(xì)讀策略找出小兔子夏天的活動;運(yùn)用隨文看圖策略學(xué)習(xí)語篇中秋天的新詞匯;運(yùn)用圖片輔助閱讀冬天的活動;運(yùn)用任務(wù)型教學(xué)帶領(lǐng)學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)小兔子新的一年的活動。以上每個(gè)教學(xué)策略的運(yùn)用都與具體的教學(xué)內(nèi)容相互融合。
2.尊重學(xué)生心理特點(diǎn)。本課,筆者根據(jù)學(xué)生的年齡及生理特點(diǎn)設(shè)計(jì)教學(xué)活動,充分調(diào)動學(xué)生的積極性。設(shè)計(jì)的上講臺繪畫、集體演唱、分角色表演或?qū)ζ渌瑢W(xué)的表演進(jìn)行評價(jià)等活動,為學(xué)生的口頭語言表達(dá)提供了機(jī)會,能讓學(xué)生積極地學(xué)習(xí)英語。
3.教學(xué)環(huán)節(jié)設(shè)計(jì)清晰而簡明。本節(jié)課并沒有復(fù)雜的環(huán)節(jié),有的是依托文本的熱身,內(nèi)容的呈現(xiàn)、操練及拓展。問題Which season do you like?Why?及What does the bunny like to do in...?貫穿整節(jié)課,包括板書設(shè)計(jì),這讓課堂教學(xué)思路清晰,目標(biāo)明確。
(作者單位:江蘇省海門市能仁小學(xué))