“白墻”，尼科西亞，塞浦路斯

建筑設(shè)計(jì)：讓·努維爾建筑事務(wù)所

1 外景/Exterior views

由讓·努維爾設(shè)計(jì)的這座標(biāo)志性塔樓位于尼科西亞的城市中心，緊鄰著埃菜夫塞里婭廣場(chǎng)，它令尼科西亞的城市天際線形象煥然一新。建筑功能分布包含10層公寓住宅、6層辦公空間及2層零售商業(yè)。塔樓的垂直性特征關(guān)聯(lián)于中世紀(jì)城墻及歷史老城護(hù)城河的水平性特征，形成了建筑一系列反轉(zhuǎn)特征展開的舞臺(tái)背景。這一67m高的建筑將成為所在城市的絕對(duì)地標(biāo)。

南立面一側(cè)，展開的垂直景觀覆蓋了大約80%的建筑立面。這一特殊的生長(zhǎng)型環(huán)境扮演著如同天然“遮陽板”的角色。植物自然調(diào)節(jié)陽光，夏季為公寓及辦公空間提供了天然的日曬防護(hù)，避免陽光直射；冬季則盡可能最大限度地令陽光投入室內(nèi)?！吧L(zhǎng)的立面”承載了多樣的塞浦路斯當(dāng)?shù)嘏示壷参锖吞俾参铮㈦S著季節(jié)循環(huán)更迭而不斷變換。在建筑周邊，樹齡高達(dá)400年的橄欖樹令這一垂直景觀得以延展。在公寓與辦公部分，特別設(shè)置的室內(nèi)/室外涼廊，將起居與活動(dòng)空間向外擴(kuò)展，以實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)尼科西亞溫和氣候優(yōu)勢(shì)的最大利用。

在北立面一側(cè)，涼廊伸展到室外，以充分利用面向公園與城市天際線的景觀優(yōu)勢(shì)。一系列層疊的露臺(tái)和大陽臺(tái)反映了地中海的氣候特征并強(qiáng)調(diào)了享受戶外時(shí)光的重要性。東西兩側(cè)的涼廊則自像素化的混凝土立面內(nèi)向展開，保證公寓居民和辦公空間使用者不受噪音、強(qiáng)風(fēng)和烈日的侵?jǐn)_。

通過隨機(jī)陣列的、部分安裝玻璃部分開敞的開洞，尤其在花園部分，墻體的實(shí)體性被難以勝數(shù)的穿洞所消解。意趣十足的光影游戲隨著一天中太陽角度的變化界定了室外與室內(nèi)空間。40cm×40cm大小窗洞與空洞的聚集組合創(chuàng)造了一張自室內(nèi)看向室外或是自室內(nèi)看向室外的濾鏡屏。夜里，作為巨大屏幕的墻體呈現(xiàn)出居民的照明需求，同時(shí)也愈加強(qiáng)化了立面的隨機(jī)開洞系統(tǒng)。

在塔樓的最頂兩層，布置了圍繞中央庭院展開的復(fù)式公寓，這是受到塞浦路斯傳統(tǒng)建筑啟發(fā)而設(shè)計(jì)的。3片巨大的遮陽板在為公寓提供夏季遮陽的同時(shí)也強(qiáng)調(diào)了朝向天空的視野。

該項(xiàng)目將推動(dòng)景觀與塔樓建筑一體化整合的進(jìn)程達(dá)到新的高度，同時(shí)也為尼科西亞提供了代表城市未來的一處全新的建筑地標(biāo)。（陳茜 譯）

2 外景/Exterior views

3 外景/Exterior views

The iconic tower designed by Jean Nouvel at the centre of Nicosia, next to Eleftheria Square transforms the city silhouette of Nicosia. The programme includes 10-story residential apartments,a 6-story office space and a 2-story retail area. This verticality in relation to the horizontality of the medieval walls and the moat that enclose the old part of the city sets the stage for a series of inversions that are characteristic of the building. The 67-metre-high building will be the culminating landmark of the city.

On the south fa?ade a vertical landscape covers approximately 80% of the building's fa?ade area.This exceptional living environment is working like a natural "brise soleil". The plants will act as a natural sun control shielding the apartments and the offices from direct sun during summer while admitting a maximum of sunlight in winter. This "living fa?ade"supports a variety of Cypriote climbing and spreading plants and will be continually transformed by the cyclic movements of the different seasons. 400-year-old olive trees continue this vertical landscape on the perimetre of the building. It creates the link to the adjacent urban park and gets a part of the scenery of the city. The apartments and office feature indoor/outdoor loggias that extend the living space outside to take maximum advantage of Nicosia's temperate climate.

On the north fa?ade, the loggias extend out to take maximum advantage of views toward the park and the city skyline. A series of cascading terraces and large balconies acknowledge the Mediterranean climate and the significance of spending time outside.

On the east and west fa?ade the loggias extend in from the pixelated concrete walls fa?ade to protect residents and office occupiers from noise,wind and sun.

4 首層平面/Ground floor plan

5 零售與夾層平面/Plan of retail and mezzanine

6 橫剖面/Cross section

7 縱剖面/Longitudinal section

Punctured by a random array of openings,sometimes glazed sometimes left open, especially in the garden areas, the massiveness of the walls is negated by the numerous perforations. Interesting shadow games determine the exterior and interior space in relation to the different sun position of the day. An accumulation of voids and windows shaped by a size of 40cm × 40cm creates a unique screen image from the outside and inside point of view. At night the wall as a giant screen is pronouncing the inhabitants light needs and strengthen even more the random system of the fa?ade.

On the top two floors of the tower, a duplex apartment is organised around a central court-yard inspired by the Cypriot traditional architecture.Three large shades protect the apartment from the summer sun and emphasise the view to the sky.

The project will push the integration of landscape and tower architecture to a new level and offer Nicosia a new architectural icon that symbolises the city's future.

項(xiàng)目信息/Credits and Data:

客戶/Client: Nice Day Developments LTD

本地合作/Local Collaborating Architects: Takis Sophocleous Architects

顧問/Advisor to Jean Nouvel: Emmanuel Blamont

概念設(shè)計(jì)/Concept Design: Philippe Papy

調(diào)研建設(shè)/Studies and Construction: Elisabeth Kather

效果圖/Computer Renderings: José Miguel Pomares

項(xiàng)目類型/Program: 零售/公寓及辦公樓（16層，6層辦公，10層公寓）, 67m 高/Retail, apartment and office tower (16 floors: 6 levels office area, 10 levels apartment area),67m high

總建筑面積/Gross Floor Area: 10,000 m2

使用面積/Usable Floor Area: 6739 m2

竣工時(shí)間/Completion Time: 2015.04.24

繪圖/Drawings: Ateliers Jean Nouvel

攝影/Photos: Yiorgis Yerolymbos (Nice Day Developments)

8 南立面/South fa?ade

9 外景/Exterior view

10 內(nèi)景/Interior views

評(píng)論

宋曄皓：白墻項(xiàng)目引發(fā)我思考的地方是：本來不大的單層面積中，分出一部分用來做自然綠化，為植物提供生長(zhǎng)空間。植物生長(zhǎng)的同時(shí)建筑也獲得了生命，是一種非常和諧的共生環(huán)境，跟建筑的功能也完美契合。

光、影、植物的生長(zhǎng)、植物與人的交流，是這個(gè)建筑最令人感動(dòng)的地方。

我最好奇的一點(diǎn)是顏色的選擇：為什么建筑師選擇白色作為一種主要的色調(diào)？是為了襯托出植物色彩的斑斕？區(qū)別于周圍的建筑環(huán)境？還是突出夜間燈光的溫馨？或者就是為了與眾不同？無論哪一個(gè)原因，白色的控制是非常有技巧的選擇，正是因?yàn)樯鲜瞿切┮蛩氐拇嬖?，無論植物、陽光、燈光、周圍建筑的顏色，包括立面上看似隨機(jī)的洞口，讓本來突兀的白色，通過各種雜糅，成為了一種背景。

來自技術(shù)專家的點(diǎn)評(píng)

馮雅：塞浦路斯傳統(tǒng)典雅的垂直通透建筑立面形成了“擋板式遮陽”，并利用攀緣植物來調(diào)節(jié)陽光，避免夏季陽光直射造成室內(nèi)的過熱；冬季植物凋零能最大限度地吸收陽光進(jìn)入室內(nèi)，從而實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)尼科西亞溫和氣候的自然調(diào)節(jié)。

戶外層疊的露臺(tái)和陽臺(tái)提供適宜的陽光和空氣，保證地中海的氣候公寓和辦公空間使用者不受噪音、強(qiáng)風(fēng)和烈日的侵?jǐn)_，景觀與塔樓建筑一體化的巨大的遮陽板為公寓提供了夏季遮陽與灰空間，同時(shí)為人們提供了緊密結(jié)合自然和連續(xù)的景觀視野，成為尼科西亞城市未來一處全新的地標(biāo)。

11 內(nèi)景/Interior views

12 內(nèi)景/Interior views

13 內(nèi)景/Interior views

14 外景/Exterior views

15 外景/Exterior views

Comment

SONG Yehao:The White Walls project caused me to think: given the small floor area, a part of it is used for greening to provide space for plants to grow. As the plant grows, the building also gains life. It is a very harmonious symbiotic environment and fits perfectly with the functions of the building.

The light, the shadow, the growth of the plant and the plant-to-human communication are the most moving part of this building.

What I am curious about most is the choice of colour: Why does the architect choose white as the dominate tone? Is it to bring out the colour of the plant? To be different from the surrounding built environment? Or to highlight the warmth of night lights? Or is it just to be different? For whatever reason, the white wall is a very skillful choice. Because of the above factors - the colour of the plants, the sun, the lights, the surrounding buildings, including the seemingly random openings on the fa?ade, and through the mixture of these elements, the original abrupt white colour has become a background.(Translated by QI Yiyi)

16 外景/Exterior views

From technical expert

FENG Ya: The traditional and elegant vertical transparent architectural fa?ade of Cyprus forms a "baラe-type sunshade". Besides, climbing plants are used to adjust the sunlight, avoiding indoor overheating caused by direct sunlight in the summer. When winter is coming, plants without leaves can maximise the amount of sunlight into the room, thus achieving a natural adjustment of the mild climate of Nicosia.

The outdoor terraces and balconies provide suitable sunlight and air to ensure that people in the apartments and offices are free from noise, strong winds and hot sun in the Mediterranean climate. The gigantic sunshade panels as an integration of the landscape and the tower building form summer shading and grey space for the apartments and provide people with natureimbedded and continuous views to the landscape. In the future, it will become a brand new landmark in the city of Nicosia. (Translated by CHEN Xi)