1. feel like
(1) “摸起來像……”
◇例如:
It feels like silk. (這東西摸起來像絲綢。)
This feels like an orange. (這東西摸起來像個(gè)桔子。)
(2) “感覺像(是)……;有……的感覺;給人的感覺(像)是……”
◇例如:
My legs feel like cotton wool. (我感覺兩條腿像棉花一樣。)
Im surprised that he feels like that. (我很驚訝他會(huì)有這種感覺。)
I was only there two days, but it felt like a week. (我只在那里呆了兩天,但感覺好像過了一個(gè)星期似的。)
Its been a year since her daughter died, but to her, it still feels like yesterday. (她女兒已過世一年了,但在她看來仿佛還像是在昨天。)
(3)“想要(做)某事”
◇例如:
I dont feel like cooking. Lets eat out. (我不想做飯,我們出去吃吧。)
I dont feel like waiting around for him to make up his mind. (我不能干等著他拿主意。)
(4) 搭配
① 后接名詞
◇例如:
Do you feel like a rest? (你想休息一下嗎?)
The material feels like velvet. (這料子摸起來像絲絨。)
It feels like rain (snow). (天像是要下雨/雪的樣子。)
注意:上面這句中的like后面的rain和snow是名詞,不是動(dòng)詞。
② 后接代詞
◇例如:
Well go for a walk if you feel like it. (你愿意的話,咱們就去散散步。)
—Why did you do that? (你為什么那么做呢?)
—Because I felt like it. (因?yàn)槲蚁肽敲醋觥#?/p>
③ 后接動(dòng)名詞
◇例如:
I felt like laughing, but I didnt dare. (我想笑,但是不敢笑。)
④ 后接句子
◇例如:
You feel like you could reach out and touch the space. (你會(huì)感到仿佛能伸手摸到太空。)
注意:后接句子時(shí),其中的like相當(dāng)于as if或as though。
◇例如:
I felt like/as if/as though I was swimming. (我覺得好像在游泳似的。)
Alice felt like/as if/as though she was in a very nice dream. (艾麗斯覺得她好像在做一個(gè)美夢。)
2. make a difference
(1) “區(qū)別對待”
◇例如:
She makes a difference between her two sons. (她對兩個(gè)兒子區(qū)別對待。)
(2) “有影響;有關(guān)系”
◇例如:
Johns score on the test will make the difference between his passing and failing the course. (約翰這次考試的得分關(guān)系著他這門功課能否通過。)
It wont make much difference whether you go today or tomorrow. (你今天去或明天去沒有多大關(guān)系。)
(3) “起(重要)作用”
◇例如:
It shows that knowledge of first aid can make a real difference. (這表明懂得急救知識的確能發(fā)揮重要作用。)
(4) 相關(guān)短語:
make no difference “沒有關(guān)系;沒有重要性”
◇例如:
Whether he is here or not will make no difference to our work. (他在不在對我們的工作沒有影響。)
3. care about
(1) “關(guān)心;憂慮;惦念”
◇例如:
You dont care about anything but yourself and your beautiful face. (你什么都不關(guān)心,除了你自己和那張漂亮的臉。)
Dont you care about losing your job? (你難道就不擔(dān)心失去工作?)
We may fail at first, but we dont care about that. (我們最開始可能會(huì)失敗, 但是我們并不為此擔(dān)憂。)
I dont care about what happens. (我不在乎發(fā)生什么事。)
(2) “對……感興趣;對……中意”
◇例如:
I dont care about going fishing. (我對釣魚不感興趣。)
I really care about the students in my class. (我真的挺喜歡我班上的學(xué)生。)
(3) 辨析:care about和care for
① 這兩個(gè)詞組中的care均為不及物動(dòng)詞,同介詞一起構(gòu)成及物動(dòng)詞短語,其后均接名詞、代詞或動(dòng)名詞。兩者都可表示“關(guān)心”“喜歡”“對……中意”的意思,這時(shí)兩者可以通用。
◇例如:
The captain cares for/about the safety of both the crew and the passengers. (船長關(guān)心船員和旅客們的安全。)
We do not care about/for him in the least. (我們一點(diǎn)也不喜歡他。)
She doesnt care for/about skating. (她不喜歡滑冰。)
② care about的主要意思是“在乎,在意”,常用于否定句,指主體對某一事物表現(xiàn)出無所謂的態(tài)度。
◇例如:
She didnt care about anything people might say. (人們說什么她都不在乎。)
They didnt care about the expense. (他們對費(fèi)用并不在意。)
③ care for還可表示“照料”和“愿意”的意思。
◇例如:
Small children are well cared for in nurseries while their parents work in the fields. (當(dāng)父母們在田里勞動(dòng)的時(shí)候,孩子們在托兒所里被照顧得很好。)
Would you care for some tea? (你想喝茶嗎?)
I dont care very much for going there today. (今天我不太想到那兒去。)
4. make up
(1) “組成”
◇例如:
Women officers make up 13 percent of the police force. (女警占警力的13%。)
(2) “彌補(bǔ);補(bǔ)足”
◇例如:
We still meed £100 to make up the sum required. (我們還需要100英鎊才能湊足所需數(shù)目。)
Theyll have to make up time lost during the strike. (他們不得不加班彌補(bǔ)罷工耽誤的時(shí)間。)
(3) “編造”
◇例如:
I think its very unkind of you to make up stories about him. (我認(rèn)為你編造他的謠言很不厚道。)
(4) “化妝”
◇例如:
I cant be bothered to make up my face. (我懶得化妝。)
(5) 其它搭配
make up ones mind 下決心
make up the bed 整理床鋪;鋪床
◇例如:
Make up your mind. You cant have it both ways. (你決定吧,反正魚與熊掌不可兼得。)
Ill make up the bed in your old room. (我會(huì)把你原來房間的床鋪整理好。)
5. take up
(1) “拿起,舉起(物)”
◇例如:
She took up her Boston bag and left. (她拿起她的衣物袋走了。)
(2) “占(時(shí)間、地方等),消耗”
◇例如:
It took up a whole week to write the article. (寫這篇文章花了整整一個(gè)星期。)
The table takes up too much room. (這張桌子太占地方了。)
(3) “開始(工作,產(chǎn)生興趣等,尤其指做以前從未做過的事,或作為消遣的方式)”
◇例如:
He took up Spanish while in Spain. (在西班牙的時(shí)候,他開始學(xué)習(xí)西班牙語。)
6. break相關(guān)短語
(1) break down “失靈,垮;瓦解;坍塌,壞掉;(計(jì)劃等)失敗,破裂;(健康、精神)崩潰”
◇例如:
Who broke down the doors of our classroom? (誰把我們教室的門打壞了?)
Because of the earthquake, the bridge broke down last night. (由于地震,昨夜這座橋倒塌了。)
Your plan has broken down. What a pity?。愕挠?jì)劃失敗了。真遺憾!)
After a long time of hard work, he almost broke down. (長時(shí)間艱苦勞動(dòng)之后, 他的身體幾乎垮了。)
Why did the peace talks break down?(為什么和談失敗了?)
(2) break in “破門而入,打斷 ”
◇例如:
Last night, a thief broke in and stole away his camera. (昨夜一個(gè)小偷闖了進(jìn)來,偷走了他的相機(jī)。)
He broke in with some ideas of his own. (他插了話,說了說自己的一些看法。)
(3) break off “中斷;折斷”
◇例如:
The two countries broke off relation two years ago. (這兩個(gè)國家兩年前已經(jīng)中斷了外交關(guān)系。)
(4) break into “破門而入,突然……(起來)”
◇例如:
They broke into the prison and set free all the prisoners. (他們沖進(jìn)監(jiān)獄,放跑了所有的囚犯。)
Hearing the sad news, the old woman broke into tears. (聽到這個(gè)悲傷的消息,這位老年婦女突然哭了起來。)
(5) break out “突然發(fā)生;爆發(fā)”
◇例如:
When did the war break out? (這場戰(zhàn)爭是什么時(shí)候爆發(fā)的?)
I have heard that a quarrel broke out between them. (我聽說他們之間發(fā)生了爭吵。)
More than one hundred fires broke out in our city last year. (去年我市發(fā)生了一百多起火災(zāi)。)
(6) break away from “突然逃脫,掙脫,脫離,放棄”
◇例如:
The dog broke away from its owner and ran away. (狗掙脫主人,跑了。)
Youd better break away from the habit of smoking. (你最好改掉吸煙的習(xí)慣。)
(7) break through “出現(xiàn),突破”
◇例如:
It was a cloudy day, but the sun at last broke through. (原本是個(gè)陰天,不過太陽最后還是出來了。)
Our soldiers successfully broke through the enemys defences. (我們的戰(zhàn)士成功突破了敵軍的防線。)
(8) break up “解散,割碎,打碎,分開”
◇例如:
Sentences can be broken up into clauses. (句子可分成分句。)
(9) break into pieces “破成碎片”
◇例如:
The mirror fell to the ground and broke into pieces. (鏡子掉到地上摔成了碎片。)
(10) break ones word/promise “食言,說話不算數(shù)”
◇例如:
I believe in him, because he never breaks his word/promise. (我信任他,因?yàn)樗麖膩聿皇逞浴#?/p>
(11) break the law/rule “違反法律/規(guī)章制度”
◇例如:
Nobody can break the rules of our company. (沒有人能違背我們公司的規(guī)章制度。)
(12) break the record “打破紀(jì)錄”
◇例如:
This athlete has just broken the world record in mens high jump. (這名運(yùn)動(dòng)員剛剛打破了男子跳高世界紀(jì)錄。)
(13) break ones heart“使某人心碎, 使某人悲痛欲絕”
◇例如:
To tell you the truth, the bad news broke my heart at that time. (說實(shí)話,那時(shí)這個(gè)壞消息使我悲痛萬分。)
7. work out
(1) “(根據(jù)推理或計(jì)算)得出;算出;(能夠)解決”
◇例如:
I believe that you can work out this problem by yourself. (我相信你自己能做出這道題。)
Try not to worry. Im sure everything will work out in the end. (不用擔(dān)心,最終一切都會(huì)變好的。)
(2) “想出;制訂出;產(chǎn)生”
◇例如:
We must work out a way to have a cheap holiday. (我們得想出個(gè)省錢度假的辦法。)
They must work out a plan as quickly as possible. (他們必須盡快制定出一個(gè)計(jì)劃來。)
(3) “(情況等的)發(fā)展,進(jìn)行”
◇例如:
Everything has worked out according to the plan. (一切都依計(jì)劃進(jìn)行。)
(4) 相關(guān)短語:work on
① “繼續(xù)工作,不斷工作”
注意:此時(shí)on為副詞,和動(dòng)詞連用表示繼續(xù)的活動(dòng)、進(jìn)度或狀態(tài)。
◇例如:
Mr. Chen worked on in the office until ten oclock last night. (陳先生昨晚在辦公室工作到十點(diǎn)。)
② “致力于,從事于”(此時(shí)on為介詞,后接sth.)
◇例如:
She is working on a new dictionary. (她一直在忙著編寫一本新詞典。)
He works on helping the poor to solve basic living problems. (他致力于幫助窮人解決基本的生存問題。)
③“對……產(chǎn)生影響,對……起作用”(此時(shí)on為介詞,后接sb./sth.)
◇例如:
The doctor told him that this kind of medicine may work on him. (醫(yī)生對他說,這種藥對他可能有效。)
8. set up
(1) “建立;設(shè)立;擺放;豎起”
◇例如:
The explorers set up a base at the foot of the mountain. (探險(xiǎn)者在山腳下建立了基地。)
They set up the company to do business with foreign countries. (他們建立公司和外國人做生意。)
The school has set up a special class to help poor readers. (學(xué)校專門辦了一個(gè)班來幫助閱讀能力差的學(xué)生。)
(2) “創(chuàng)造(紀(jì)錄等)”
◇例如:
The French team set up a new record tonight. (今晚法國隊(duì)創(chuàng)了一個(gè)新紀(jì)錄。)
They have set up a new record for the flight to Beijing. (他們創(chuàng)造了一項(xiàng)飛往北京的飛行紀(jì)錄。)
(3) 相關(guān)短語:
set off 出發(fā);開始(旅行、賽跑等)
◇例如:
We set off for work at seventhirty. (我們7點(diǎn)半去上班。)
If you want to catch that train, wed better set off for the station immediately. (你要是想趕上那班火車,咱們最好馬上就動(dòng)身去火車站。)
Theyve set off on a journey round the world. (他們已經(jīng)開始環(huán)游世界。)
9. give away
(1) “捐獻(xiàn),贈(zèng)送”
◇例如:
He gave away most of his money to charity. (他把大部分錢都捐給了慈善事業(yè)了。)
(2) “頒發(fā),分送”
◇例如:
The mayor gave away the prizes at the school sports day. (市長在學(xué)校運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)上頒發(fā)了獎(jiǎng)品。)
(3) “(由于粗心)丟失、錯(cuò)過(機(jī)會(huì))”
◇例如:
They gave away their last chance of winning the match. (他們錯(cuò)過了贏得比賽的最后機(jī)會(huì)。)
(4) “泄露、出賣”
◇例如:
He gave away the secret to the enemy. (他將秘密泄露給了敵人。)
I know you didnt want to give your friend away. (我知道你不想出賣朋友。)
(5) 相關(guān)短語:
① give out
a. “分發(fā);散發(fā)”(=hand out)
◇例如:
The teacher gave out the examination papers. (老師把試卷發(fā)了下去。)
b. “用盡;耗盡”(=run out)
◇例如:
Her patience finally gave out. (她終于失去耐心了。)
②其他相關(guān)短語:
give up 放棄
give back(=return) 歸還
give in 屈服,讓步,投降
give off 發(fā)出(蒸汽,光等)
10. turn相關(guān)短語
(1) turn into “(使)變成;譯成”
◇例如:
Her bitter experience has turned her into a stronger person. (痛苦的經(jīng)歷使她變得更堅(jiān)強(qiáng)了。)
Can you turn the sentence into English? (你能把這個(gè)句子譯成英語嗎?)
(2) turn over “翻轉(zhuǎn);翻過來”
◇例如:
If you turn over, you might find it easier to get to sleep. (你翻個(gè)身的話,會(huì)覺得更容易入睡。)
The car struck the wall and turned over. (汽車撞到墻上,翻了。)
Having read page one, he turned over to page two. (他讀完第一頁后,就翻到第二頁。)
(3) turn on “打開(電燈;電視機(jī)等)”
◇例如:
Turn on the gas and light the oven. (轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)煤氣開關(guān),點(diǎn)燃烤箱。)
(4) turn off “關(guān)掉;關(guān)上;截?cái)啵娏?、煤氣、水等)?/p>
◇例如:
Theyve turned off the electricity while they mend the light. (他們修理電燈時(shí)斷掉了電源。)
(5) turn up “調(diào)大(音量等),出現(xiàn)”
◇例如:
I cant hear the radio very well. Could you turn it up a bit? (收音機(jī)我聽不太清楚,你能把聲音開大點(diǎn)嗎?)
Its time to set off, but no one has turned up. (是出發(fā)的時(shí)候了,但一個(gè)人也沒有來。)
(6) turn down “調(diào)?。ㄊ篃岫?、音量等降低),回絕”
◇例如:
Turn that TV down. Im trying to get some sleep. (把電視的音量調(diào)低點(diǎn),我想睡一會(huì)兒。)
I dont understand why they turned down my suggestion. (我不明白他們?yōu)槭裁淳芙^接受我的建議。)
(7) turn in(=hand in) “上交,呈交”
◇例如:
You must turn in the reports before you leave. (你們必須在離開前把報(bào)告交上來。)
(8) turn out “證明是;結(jié)果是;生產(chǎn)”
◇例如:
The job turned out to be harder than we thought. (這工作結(jié)果比我們想的要難。)
The factory turns out 900 cars a week. (該廠每周生產(chǎn)900輛汽車。)
(9) turn around/round “(使)轉(zhuǎn)身,轉(zhuǎn)向” ◇例如:
I turned around and saw Jane was sitting directly behind me. (我一轉(zhuǎn)身,就看見簡正坐在我的后面。)
(10) turn to sb./sth. “向……求助”
◇例如:
The child turned to his mother for help. (那個(gè)孩子向母親求助。)
11. put相關(guān)短語
(1) put away “收拾起來”
◇例如:
Put away the tools after work, will you? (工作結(jié)束后請把工具收拾好,可以嗎?)
(2) put back “放回原處”
◇例如:
Please put the dictionary back where it was. (請把字典放回原處。)
(3) put sth. down “放下;記下某事物”
◇例如:
Im having a party next Saturday. Put it down in your diary so you dont forget. (本星期六我有個(gè)聚會(huì);把這事記在你的日記里吧,以免忘了。)
(4) put sb. down “(指公共汽車、長途汽車等)讓某人下車”
◇例如:
The bus stopped to put down some passengers. (公共汽車停下來讓一些旅客下車。)
(5) put in “提出,提交;放入;安裝”
“Sometimes, as a joke, people put in that Im going to Mars,” he says. (他說:“有時(shí)候,人們開玩笑地說我要去火星了?!保?/p>
(6) put into “把……放進(jìn);把……翻譯成”
◇例如:
If you go on like this you will be put into prison. (你這樣下去會(huì)進(jìn)監(jiān)獄的。)
(7) put into practice “實(shí)行,實(shí)施;落實(shí)”? ? ◇例如:
Thats hard advice to put into practice sometimes. (有時(shí)候這是個(gè)難以付諸實(shí)施的建議。)
(8) put into use “使用,應(yīng)用;投入使用”
◇例如:
Another 100 airports are expected to be built and put into use by 2020. (到2020年末,又將會(huì)有100個(gè)新機(jī)場建成并投入使用。)
(9) put off “延期;推遲”
◇例如:
Dont put off till tomorrow what you can do today. (今日事,今日畢。)
(10) put out “熄滅,撲滅”
◇例如:
Would you mind putting your cigarette out, please? (把你的煙滅了,好嗎?)
(11) put on “穿上;上演;上映;增加(體重)”
◇例如:
The local drama group is putting on the drama at the Playhouse. (當(dāng)?shù)貏F(tuán)正在普萊豪斯劇院演出這部劇。)
(12) put together “放在一起;組合”
◇例如:
The team should be put together before the project starts. (在項(xiàng)目啟動(dòng)之前,要將這支隊(duì)伍聚集在一起。)
(13) put up “建造;舉起;張貼”
◇例如:
Hell put up a fence around his yard. (他將修建柵欄把院子圍起來。)
(14) put up with “忍受;容忍”
◇例如:
Ill have to put up with the noise till I move next week. (在下周搬走之前,我還是得忍受這種噪音。)
12. 辨析:used to do,be used to doing和be used to do
(1) used to do “過去經(jīng)常做,以前常常做(現(xiàn)在不做了)”
◇例如:
We used to go there every year. (我以前每年都去那兒。)
He is not what he used to be. (他已不是過去的他了。)
(2) be used to doing “習(xí)慣于做某事”
◇例如:
Hes quite used to working hard. (他頗習(xí)慣于艱苦工作。)
He is used to living in the city now. (他現(xiàn)在習(xí)慣了住在城里。)
(3) be used to do sth. “被用來做……”
◇例如:
Wood is used to make paper. (木材用于造紙。)
This knife can be used to cut things. (這把刀能夠被用于切東西。)
13. leave相關(guān)短語
(1) leave for somewhere “動(dòng)身去某地”
◇例如:
My uncle has left for Hong Kong. Hell be back in three days. (我叔叔已經(jīng)去香港了,三天后回。)
(2) leave sb./sth. behind “未能或忘記帶(人或物);落下;落后”
◇例如:
Someone has left his umbrella behind. (有人忘了取回雨傘。)
Wait!Dont leave me behind?。ǖ鹊龋e丟下我?。?/p>
(3) leave sb. alone “不打擾;不干預(yù)”
◇例如:
She wanted to be left alone but the press photographers follow her everywhere. (她希望不受打擾,但是攝影記者還是對她窮追不舍。)
(4) leave sth. alone “不碰;不改變; 不移動(dòng)”
◇例如:
Ive told you before—leave my things alone?。ㄎ腋阏f過,不要碰我的東西?。?/p>
(5) leave word (with sb.) “(給某人)留言”
◇例如:
He left word with his secretary about how to contact him if necessary. (他向秘書交待了一下必要時(shí)如何同他聯(lián)系。)
(6) take it or leave it “要不要隨便;要么接受要么放棄”
◇例如:
200 pounds is my final offer. Take it or leave it. (200英鎊是我最后出的價(jià),你要就要,不要就算了。)
—Do you like Indian food? (你想吃印度菜嗎?)
—I can take it or leave it. (無所謂。)
(7) leave...out “不包括;排除在外”
◇例如:
It seemed unkind to leave Daisy out, so she was invited too. (不把戴茜算在內(nèi)似乎很無情,于是她也被邀請。)
I felt a bit left out. (我感到有點(diǎn)受冷落。)
14. call相關(guān)短語
(1) call sb.+名字 “取名;將……稱作”
◇例如:
She had a daughter last year. They call her Catherine. (去年她生了個(gè)女孩,他們叫她凱瑟琳。)
(2) call out “叫喊;喊出;大聲地說”
call sth. out 大聲叫喊……
call (out) to sb. (for sth.) 向某人大聲呼求(某物)
◇例如:
She called out for help but nobody came. (她大喊救命,但無人理會(huì)。)
Why didnt you come when I called (out) (your name)? (我喊(出你名字)的時(shí)候,你為什么不來?)
(3) call sb. up “給……打電話”
call sth. up “想起;回憶某事”
◇例如:
When he got back to the city, he called up the office. (他回到城里時(shí)給辦公室打了個(gè)電話。)
I tried to call you up last night, but no one answered the phone. (昨晚我打電話給你,可沒人接。)
The sound of happy laughter called up memories of his childhood. (這歡笑聲讓他回憶起童年時(shí)的情景。)
(4) call in “召來;召請;叫來”
◇例如:
They decided to call in a doctor, because the child was no better. (他們決定請大夫,因?yàn)楹⒆拥牟∏椴⑽春棉D(zhuǎn)。)
Wed better call in a specialist (專家) at this point. (我們最好去請一位專家來。)
(5) call back “回電話”
◇例如:
He isnt here right now. Please call back later. (他現(xiàn)在不在。請過一會(huì)兒再打電話來吧。)
Thanks for the news, and Ill call back in half an hour. (謝謝你告訴我那個(gè)消息,半小時(shí)后我再回電話。)
(6) call on “呼吁;號召;請求;拜訪”
◇例如:
The President called on the people to work hard to make the country rich and strong. (總統(tǒng)號召人民努力工作,使國家富強(qiáng)起來。)
Sofia was intending to call on Miss Kitts. (索菲婭打算去拜訪基茨小姐。)
15. part相關(guān)短語
(1) part with “與……分開;舍棄”
◇例如:
I took the book and told her I would never part with it. (我接過書并對她說我將永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)舍棄它。)
He spent so many unforgettable days with them that he hated to part with them. (他與他們一起度過了那么多難忘的日子,他舍不得離開他們。)
(2) take part in “參加……,參與……”
◇例如:
John takes part in many school activities. (約翰參加學(xué)校里的很多活動(dòng)。)
All the best sportsmen in the country took part in the athletic competition. (全國所有的優(yōu)秀運(yùn)動(dòng)員都參加了這次體育比賽。)
She took no part in the discussion. (她沒參與這次討論。)
She will go home to take part in the Thanksgiving dinner this weekend. (周末她要回家參加感恩節(jié)餐會(huì)。)
(3) play a part in “在……中扮演角色;在……中起作用”
◇例如:
Everyone should play a part in saving the earth. (每個(gè)人都應(yīng)該發(fā)揮作用,拯救地球。)
It is often said that we are entering a new age of information, and knowledge plays a key role/part in this age. (人們常說,我們正在進(jìn)入一個(gè)新的信息時(shí)代,知識在這個(gè)時(shí)代起著關(guān)鍵作用。)
(4) do part “扮演角色,盡自己的職責(zé)”
◇例如:
The students are doing their part in cleaning the classroom. (學(xué)生們正在盡力打掃教室。)
I will do my part if everybody else will do theirs. (要是大家都做那我也做。)
Its time for all of us to do our part. (是我們所有人各盡其責(zé)的時(shí)候了。)
If everyone will promise to do his part, the plan will certainly be a success. (如果每個(gè)人都保證盡到自己的責(zé)任,這個(gè)計(jì)劃肯定會(huì)成功。)