趙一 吳江 康愷 栗燁 李光輝 劉斌 郎貫存 安立龍 效梅
摘要:【目的】研究Activin A體外定向誘導(dǎo)大鼠胰腺導(dǎo)管干細(xì)胞分化形成胰島β細(xì)胞的作用,為移植體外新生β細(xì)胞治療寵物犬糖尿病打下基礎(chǔ),同時為胰島細(xì)胞體外再生培養(yǎng)的優(yōu)化提供科學(xué)依據(jù)。【方法】采用培養(yǎng)液RPMI-1640+10% FBS+10 ng/mL EGF+1%青霉素—鏈霉素擴(kuò)增大鼠胰腺導(dǎo)管干細(xì)胞至單層,空白對照組加基礎(chǔ)培養(yǎng)液,誘導(dǎo)組在基礎(chǔ)培養(yǎng)液中分別添加5、10、15和20 ng/mL Activin A,連續(xù)培養(yǎng)28 d。誘導(dǎo)培養(yǎng)期間于倒置顯微鏡下觀察細(xì)胞形態(tài)變化,誘導(dǎo)結(jié)束后通過雙硫腙(DTZ)染色、細(xì)胞免疫熒光染色、ELISA檢測及實時熒光定量PCR等方法對分化形成的類胰島細(xì)胞團(tuán)功能和性狀進(jìn)行驗證。【結(jié)果】大鼠胰腺導(dǎo)管干細(xì)胞經(jīng)Activin A誘導(dǎo)分化形成球形細(xì)胞,并聚集成團(tuán)(類胰島),DTZ染色結(jié)果均呈陽性。誘導(dǎo)28 d后,20 ng/mL Activin A誘導(dǎo)組的類胰島細(xì)胞團(tuán)數(shù)量及其Insulin基因表達(dá)水平均極顯著高于其他3個Activin A誘導(dǎo)組(P<0.01,下同),且類胰島細(xì)胞體積最大,類胰島細(xì)胞的Pdx1基因表達(dá)水平最高;無論在低葡萄糖(5 mmol/L)還是高葡萄糖(25 mmol/L)的刺激下,20 ng/mL Activin A誘導(dǎo)組類胰島細(xì)胞的Insulin和C-peptide分泌量均極顯著高于其他3個Activin A誘導(dǎo)組?!窘Y(jié)論】Activin A能體外誘導(dǎo)大鼠胰腺導(dǎo)管干細(xì)胞分化形成胰島β細(xì)胞,且以基礎(chǔ)培養(yǎng)液中添加20 ng/mL Activin A的誘導(dǎo)效果最佳。
關(guān)鍵詞: 大鼠;Activin A;胰腺導(dǎo)管干細(xì)胞;β細(xì)胞;胰島素(Insulin)
中圖分類號: S865.12? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)志碼: A 文章編號:2095-1191(2020)01-0209-08
Abstract: 【Objective】In this study,? the efficiency of Activin A to induce the differentiation of rat pancreatic ductal stem cells into islet β cells were investigated, which provided the basis for optimizing the in vitro development of β cells to advance the research related to cure of pet dogsdiabetes through transplantation of in vitro produced β cells. 【Method】For in vitro expansion, rat pancreatic ductal stem cells were cultured as a monolayer in RPMI-1640+10% FBS+10 ng/mL EGF+1% penicillin-streptomycin, the control group was cultured with basal medium, while, experimental groups were supplemented with 5, 10, 15 and 20 ng/mL Activin A respectively and stem cells were continuously cultured for 28 d. The morphological changes of cells were observed under inverted microscope. The islet-like cell cluster function and traits were corroborated by diphenylthiocarbazone(DTZ) staining,? cell immunofluorescence staining, ELISA test and qPCR. 【Result】The rat pancreatic duct stem cells were induced by Activin A for their differentiate into islet-like cell clusters. DTZ staining results were positive. After 28 d of induction, the number of islet like cells and their Insulin gene expression levels in the 20 ng/mL Activin A induced group were extremely higher than those in the other three Activin A induced groups (P<0.01, the same below), the volume of islet-like cells was the largest, and the expression level of Pdx1 gene in islet-like cells was the highest. Under the stimulation of low glucose (5 mmol/L) or high glucose (25 mmol/L), the Insulin and c-peptide secretion of islet cells in the 20 ng/mL Activin A induced group was extremely higher than that in the other three Activin A induced groups. 【Conclusion】This indicates that Activin A can induce the differentiation of rat pancreatic ductal stem cells into islet β-like cells, and adding 20 ng/ml Activin A into media has the optimal effects.
Key words: rat;Activin A; pancreatic ductal stem cells; β cell; Insulin
Foundation item: Guangdong Natural Science Foundation(10152408801000023)
0 引言
【研究意義】胰腺導(dǎo)管是分化形成β細(xì)胞的成體干細(xì)胞庫(Bonner-Weir et al.,2004;Veiseh and Langer,2015)。由胰腺導(dǎo)管分離出的干細(xì)胞具備多向分化潛能,體外定向誘導(dǎo)可分化形成功能性β細(xì)胞,再將類胰島細(xì)胞移植到糖尿病動物體內(nèi)即可有效維持正常的血糖水平(Butler et al.,2003;Ashcroft and Rorsman,2012;Kim et al.,2013)。目前,寵物犬糖尿病的發(fā)生越來越普遍,已成為寵物犬最常見的內(nèi)分泌疾病之一,對寵物業(yè)的健康發(fā)展造成嚴(yán)重威脅(東彥新和魏艷輝,2018)。因此,體外定向誘導(dǎo)胰腺導(dǎo)管干細(xì)胞分化形成β細(xì)胞并移植,對治療寵物犬糖尿病及其獸藥開發(fā)具有重要意義?!厩叭搜芯窟M(jìn)展】Activin A是轉(zhuǎn)化生長因子β家族成員之一,能促進(jìn)胰芽形成,引導(dǎo)胰腺內(nèi)分泌細(xì)胞和外分泌細(xì)胞分化,最終形成胰島(Tateishi et al.,2008;Maehr et al.,2009;Zhang et al.,2009;Moriya et al.,2010)。已有研究表明,將Activin A和β細(xì)胞素同時注入鏈脲佐菌素(STZ)誘導(dǎo)的糖尿病大鼠新生兒體內(nèi),可有效降低其高血糖癥(Li et al.,2004)。在體外的β細(xì)胞再生培養(yǎng)研究中,Activin A作為一種主要的誘導(dǎo)因子被廣泛應(yīng)用。D'Amour等(2005)研究發(fā)現(xiàn),使用Activin A和低血清培養(yǎng)基能將胚胎干細(xì)胞誘導(dǎo)分化形成定形內(nèi)胚層、腸管內(nèi)胚層、胰腺內(nèi)胚層和內(nèi)分泌前體,最終分化形成胰島細(xì)胞,且證實胚胎干細(xì)胞誘導(dǎo)分化形成的胰島細(xì)胞與自然狀態(tài)下的β細(xì)胞功能相似,通過釋放C-肽而響應(yīng)葡萄糖刺激。Park等(2007)報道稱,Activin A可增強(qiáng)大鼠胰腺導(dǎo)管細(xì)胞分化,將分化形成的內(nèi)分泌細(xì)胞移植入STZ誘導(dǎo)的糖尿病大鼠腎囊下,糖尿病大鼠血糖恢復(fù)正常,有效緩解其高血糖癥。Chen等(2009)在運(yùn)用小分子物質(zhì)誘導(dǎo)人類胚胎干細(xì)胞向胰島細(xì)胞分化時發(fā)現(xiàn),Activin A誘導(dǎo)干細(xì)胞分化形成內(nèi)分泌胰腺,并刺激胰腺祖細(xì)胞關(guān)鍵轉(zhuǎn)錄因子Pdx1表達(dá),將誘導(dǎo)形成的胰島細(xì)胞移植入糖尿病模型動物中具有良好的降低血糖功效。Kim等(2013)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)Activin A、exendin-4和葡萄糖均能刺激人源胰腺導(dǎo)管細(xì)胞分化形成內(nèi)分泌細(xì)胞。Kuo等(2017)研究證實,Activin A與視黃酸聯(lián)用能成功誘導(dǎo)人源誘導(dǎo)多能干細(xì)胞向胰島細(xì)胞分化。Kunio等(2017)通過建立人源誘導(dǎo)多能干細(xì)胞分化形成胰島細(xì)胞方案,發(fā)現(xiàn)Activin A在前期是作為啟動人源誘導(dǎo)多能干細(xì)胞分化的活化因子?!颈狙芯壳腥朦c】至今,有關(guān)Activin A誘導(dǎo)胰腺導(dǎo)管干細(xì)胞分化形成胰島的研究鮮見報道?!緮M解決的關(guān)鍵問題】探討Activin A體外定向誘導(dǎo)大鼠胰腺導(dǎo)管干細(xì)胞分化形成胰島β細(xì)胞的作用,比較不同Activin A濃度的誘導(dǎo)效果,并對分化形成的類胰島功能和性狀進(jìn)行驗證,為移植體外新生β細(xì)胞治療糖尿病打下基礎(chǔ),同時為胰島細(xì)胞體外再生培養(yǎng)的優(yōu)化提供科學(xué)依據(jù)。
1 材料與方法
1. 1 試驗材料
大鼠胰腺導(dǎo)管干細(xì)胞系由廣東海洋大學(xué)濱海農(nóng)業(yè)學(xué)院動物繁殖原理與生物技術(shù)團(tuán)隊分離培養(yǎng)獲得。部分細(xì)胞保存在中國典型培養(yǎng)物保藏中心,保存號C201457。RPMI-1640、無糖-DMEM、FBS(Fetal bovine serum)、EGF(Epidermal growth factor)、青霉素—鏈霉素及Activin A購自Gibco公司;DMSO(Dimethyl sulfoxide)、葡萄糖及雙硫腙(DTZ)購自Sigma公司;大鼠胰島素(Insulin)和C-肽(C-peptide)ELISA試劑盒購自上海酶聯(lián)生物科技有限公司;Hoechst 33342和BSA(Bovine serum albumin)購自Solabio公司;Triton X-100、多聚甲醛、PBS及Hanks溶液購自生工生物工程(上海)股份有限公司;兔多克隆抗體Pdx1、小鼠單克隆抗體Insulin+Proinsulin、山羊抗兔IgG(H&L)及山羊抗小鼠IgG(H&L)購自Abcam公司;RNA提取試劑盒購自Magen公司;PrimeScriptTM RT反轉(zhuǎn)錄試劑盒和TB Green Premix Ex Taq II定量試劑盒購自TaKaRa公司。
1. 2 誘導(dǎo)方法
大鼠胰腺導(dǎo)管干細(xì)胞按1×104個/孔接種于12孔板中,采用培養(yǎng)液RPMI-1640+10% FBS+10 ng/mL EGF+1%青霉素—鏈霉素擴(kuò)增干細(xì)胞至單層,誘導(dǎo)組更換誘導(dǎo)培養(yǎng)液,連續(xù)培養(yǎng)28 d,每48 h換液一次。各組細(xì)胞培養(yǎng)液組成如表1所示。
1. 3 DTZ染色
參照Bonner-Weir等(2000)的研究方法進(jìn)行DTZ染色。
1. 4 細(xì)胞免疫熒光染色檢測
誘導(dǎo)28 d后,通過間接細(xì)胞免疫熒光染色檢測β細(xì)胞標(biāo)記物Insulin和Pdx1。細(xì)胞染色步驟:以PBS沖洗細(xì)胞,再用4%多聚甲醛固定5 min;預(yù)冷PBS洗滌3次(每次5 min)后用0.2% Triton X-100滲透30 min;預(yù)冷PBS洗滌2次(每次5 min),用1% BSA封閉30 min;加入一抗(1% BSA稀釋)在室溫下濕箱孵育1 h或4 ℃過夜;去除液體并用PBS洗滌3次(每次5 min),加入二抗(1% BSA稀釋)在室溫下避光孵育1 h;倒棄二抗并用PBS洗滌3次(每次5 min),使用Hoechst 33342進(jìn)行染色。其中,一抗為兔多克隆抗體Pdx1或小鼠單克隆抗體Insulin+Prainsulin,二抗為山羊抗兔IgG或山羊抗小鼠IgG。倒置熒光顯微鏡觀察染色結(jié)果。
1. 5 ELISA檢測
誘導(dǎo)28 d后,采用ELISA試劑盒檢測葡萄糖刺激類胰島細(xì)胞后的Insulin和C-peptide分泌水平。用PBS洗滌3次,每組處理隨機(jī)選擇6孔,分成低葡萄糖刺激組(5 mmol/L)和高葡萄糖刺激組(25 mmol/L)。37 ℃孵育30 min后收集細(xì)胞培養(yǎng)液,2000 r/min離心15 min,收集上清液,分裝后-80 ℃保存?zhèn)溆?,或直接進(jìn)行ELISA檢測。
1. 6 RNA提取及實時熒光定量PCR檢測
于誘導(dǎo)0和28 d時分別采用RaPure Total RNA Kit提取細(xì)胞總RNA,以攜帶gDNA Eraser的PrimeScriptTM RT試劑盒將總RNA反轉(zhuǎn)錄合成cDNA;然后使用TB Green Premix Ex Taq II在Applied Biosystems 7300定量儀上檢測β細(xì)胞標(biāo)記基因Insulin和Pdx1的表達(dá)情況,以β-actin為內(nèi)參基因。實時熒光定量PCR的引物如表2所示。
1. 7 細(xì)胞形態(tài)觀察
每隔3 d在倒置顯微鏡下觀察細(xì)胞形態(tài)變化,并拍照記錄。
1. 8 統(tǒng)計分析
試驗數(shù)據(jù)采用SPSS 19.0進(jìn)行統(tǒng)計整理,分別用單因素方差分析(One-way ANOVA)和 t 檢驗進(jìn)行差異顯著性分析,再以GraphPad Prism 6.0制圖。
2 結(jié)果與分析
2. 1 大鼠胰腺導(dǎo)管干細(xì)胞分化形成類胰島
2. 1. 1 大鼠胰腺導(dǎo)管干細(xì)胞形態(tài)變化情況 大鼠胰腺導(dǎo)管干細(xì)胞形態(tài)為多邊形,呈鋪路石樣生長,經(jīng)Activin A誘導(dǎo)其分化細(xì)胞形態(tài)變化如圖1所示。誘導(dǎo)7 d時,各Activin A誘導(dǎo)組胰腺導(dǎo)管干細(xì)胞形態(tài)無明顯變化(圖1-B、圖1-G、圖1-L、圖1-Q和圖1-V),空白對照組則出現(xiàn)明顯的細(xì)胞富集現(xiàn)象;誘導(dǎo)14 d時,15和20 ng/mL Activin A誘導(dǎo)組的胰腺導(dǎo)管干細(xì)胞分化形成球形細(xì)胞,并聚集成團(tuán)(圖1-R和圖1-W);誘導(dǎo)21 d時,各Activin A誘導(dǎo)組胰腺導(dǎo)管干細(xì)胞均分化形成細(xì)胞團(tuán)(圖1-I、圖1-N、圖1-S和圖1-X);誘導(dǎo)28 d時,各Activin A誘導(dǎo)組均維持類胰島細(xì)胞團(tuán)形態(tài)(圖1-J、圖1-O、圖1-T和圖1-Y),空白對照組胰腺導(dǎo)管干細(xì)胞仍未分化形成細(xì)胞團(tuán)(圖1-E)。此外,類胰島細(xì)胞團(tuán)的形成與Activin A濃度呈明顯的劑量依賴性關(guān)系。
2. 1. 2 類胰島細(xì)胞團(tuán)計數(shù)結(jié)果 如圖2所示,20 ng/mL Activin A誘導(dǎo)組的類胰島細(xì)胞團(tuán)數(shù)量極顯著高于其他3個Activin A誘導(dǎo)組(P<0.01,下同),空白對照組無類胰島細(xì)胞團(tuán)。
2. 1. 3 DTZ染色結(jié)果 DTZ可與胰島β細(xì)胞中的鋅離子結(jié)合呈鐵紅色。由圖3可看出,各Activin A誘導(dǎo)組的DTZ染色結(jié)果均為陽性,而空白對照組的DTZ染色結(jié)果呈陰性。
2. 2 類胰島細(xì)胞共表達(dá)Insulin和Pdx1的情況
胰島β細(xì)胞能特異性分泌Insulin;Pdx1在胰島β細(xì)胞的分化形成過程中發(fā)揮重要作用,同時在β細(xì)胞內(nèi)表達(dá)(Liang et al.,2013)。誘導(dǎo)28 d后采用細(xì)胞免疫熒光染色檢測類胰島細(xì)胞,結(jié)果(圖4)顯示各Activin A誘導(dǎo)組類胰島細(xì)胞均共表達(dá)Insulin和Pdx1,但各組間的Insulin和Pdx1表達(dá)情況存在一定差異,具體表現(xiàn)為:20 ng/mL Activin A誘導(dǎo)組的類胰島細(xì)胞體積明顯大于其他3個Activin A誘導(dǎo)組,且該誘導(dǎo)組類胰島細(xì)胞中表達(dá)Insulin的細(xì)胞數(shù)多于其他3個Activin A誘導(dǎo)組??瞻讓φ战M無表達(dá)Insulin的類胰島細(xì)胞團(tuán),僅有少量表達(dá)Insulin的細(xì)胞(圖4-A),但有表達(dá)Pdx1的類胰島細(xì)胞團(tuán)(圖4-B)。Insulin和Pdx1共表達(dá)提示Activi A誘導(dǎo)大鼠胰腺導(dǎo)管干細(xì)胞分化形成的類胰島細(xì)胞具備β細(xì)胞特性。
2. 3 類胰島細(xì)胞Insulin和Pdx1基因的表達(dá)水平
實時熒光定量PCR檢測結(jié)果(圖5)顯示,誘導(dǎo)28 d后各Activin A誘導(dǎo)組類胰島細(xì)胞的Insulin基因表達(dá)水平較誘導(dǎo)0 d時極顯著上調(diào),空白對照組胰腺導(dǎo)管干細(xì)胞的Insulin基因表達(dá)水平較誘導(dǎo)0 d時顯著上調(diào)(P<0.05,下同)。20 ng/mL Activin A誘導(dǎo)組類胰島細(xì)胞的Insulin基因表達(dá)水平極顯著高于其他3個Activin A誘導(dǎo)組及空白對照組,5、10和15 ng/L Activin A誘導(dǎo)組類胰島細(xì)胞的Insulin基因表達(dá)水平高于空白對照組,但差異不顯著(P>0.05,下同)。誘導(dǎo)28 d后,空白對照組及5、10和20 ng/mL Activin A誘導(dǎo)組細(xì)胞的Pdx1基因表達(dá)水平較誘導(dǎo)0 d時極顯著上調(diào),15 ng/mL Activin A誘導(dǎo)組呈顯著上調(diào)趨勢。與對照組細(xì)胞相比,10 ng/mL Activin A誘導(dǎo)組類胰島細(xì)胞的Pdx1基因表達(dá)水平顯著上調(diào),20 ng/mL Activin A誘導(dǎo)組類胰島細(xì)胞的Pdx1基因表達(dá)水平極顯著上調(diào),但二者間差異不顯著。
2. 4 葡萄糖刺激類胰島細(xì)胞分泌Insulin和C-pepitide的情況
經(jīng)Activin A誘導(dǎo)28 d后分別以5和25 mmol/L的葡萄糖刺激類胰島細(xì)胞,結(jié)果顯示,20 ng/mL Activin A誘導(dǎo)組類胰島細(xì)胞的Insulin(圖6-A和圖6-B)和C-peptide(圖6-C和圖6-D)的分泌量較對空白照組均極顯著提高;5、10和15 ng/mL Activin A誘導(dǎo)組與空白對照組相比,Insulin分泌量無明顯變化,C-peptide分泌量雖呈上升趨勢,但差異不顯著,表明類胰島細(xì)胞具有分泌Insulin和C-peptide的功能,即具備胰島β細(xì)胞特性。無論在低葡萄糖還是高葡萄糖刺激下,20 ng/mL Activin A誘導(dǎo)組類胰島細(xì)胞的Insulin和C-peptide分泌量均極顯著高于其他3個Activin A誘導(dǎo)組,即以20 ng/mL Activin A誘導(dǎo)胰腺導(dǎo)管干細(xì)胞分化形成的類胰島細(xì)胞含有更多Insulin分泌細(xì)胞。
3 討論
胰腺導(dǎo)管干細(xì)胞作為胰島β細(xì)胞祖細(xì)胞源,當(dāng)胰腺受損時能發(fā)揮出恢復(fù)胰島功能的作用,因此在糖尿病治療方面具有巨大的應(yīng)用潛力。Bonner-Weir等(2000,2004)研究認(rèn)為,胰腺導(dǎo)管上皮是胰島和腺泡的祖細(xì)胞池,運(yùn)用含TS、BSA、KGF和尼克酰胺的無血清DMEM/F12誘導(dǎo)液可使其誘導(dǎo)分化形成類胰島細(xì)胞團(tuán)。效梅等(2008,2009)以含10 mmol/L煙酰胺、10 μg/L EGF和10% FBS的高糖DMEM為誘導(dǎo)液,成功誘導(dǎo)源于人流產(chǎn)胎兒胰腺組織的胰腺干細(xì)胞分化形成類胰島細(xì)胞,將類胰島細(xì)胞移植到糖尿病大鼠中能有效降低血糖水平,延長大鼠壽命。Skurikhin等(2014)從STZ處理的糖尿病小鼠胰腺中分離獲得胰腺干細(xì)胞,經(jīng)誘導(dǎo)可分化形成分泌Insulin的類胰島細(xì)胞。本課題組也從成年大鼠胰腺導(dǎo)管中成功分離獲得胰腺導(dǎo)管干細(xì)胞系,且研究證實該細(xì)胞系具備多向分化潛能及穩(wěn)定無限傳代的特點,共表達(dá)CK19、NeuroD2、Oct4、PCNA和Nanog蛋白,但不表達(dá)Insulin(王瑞陽等,2018;葉紹棠等,2018)。目前,體外定向誘導(dǎo)胰腺干細(xì)胞分化形成功能性胰島的方案非常繁瑣復(fù)雜,因此簡化誘導(dǎo)方案對優(yōu)化體外功能性胰島細(xì)胞的再生培養(yǎng)具有重要意義。
在體外誘導(dǎo)胚胎干細(xì)胞向功能性β細(xì)胞分化的過程中,添加Activin A后胚胎干細(xì)胞定向分化形成定型內(nèi)胚層,然后進(jìn)一步分化形成內(nèi)分泌細(xì)胞祖細(xì)胞及類胰島細(xì)胞(Maehr et al.,2009;Zhang et al.,2009)。Kim等(2013)以Activin A處理人源胰腺導(dǎo)管細(xì)胞30 d后,發(fā)現(xiàn)Pdx1基因表達(dá)顯著上調(diào),同時類胰島細(xì)胞表達(dá)β細(xì)胞特異性標(biāo)記基因Insulin。在β細(xì)胞的形成過程中,Pdx1基因的激活引導(dǎo)祖細(xì)胞向β細(xì)胞分化并調(diào)節(jié)β細(xì)胞成熟,在維持β細(xì)胞功能和調(diào)節(jié)Insulin分泌方面也發(fā)揮著重要作用(Bemardo et al.,2008;Liang et al.,2013;Romer and Sussel,2015;Walczak et al.,2016)。DTZ是一種金屬絡(luò)合物,能與胰島β細(xì)胞中的Zn2+發(fā)生特異性結(jié)合,形成紅色或棕色絡(luò)合物,因此通過DTZ染色可快速鑒定胰島β細(xì)胞(Bonner-Weir et al.,2000)。在本研究中,Activin A誘導(dǎo)胰腺導(dǎo)管干細(xì)胞分化形成的類胰島細(xì)胞,DTZ染色呈陽性,經(jīng)葡萄糖刺激后分泌Insulin和C-peptide,且共表達(dá)β細(xì)胞特異性標(biāo)記物Insulin和Pdx1。各Activin A誘導(dǎo)組間比較發(fā)現(xiàn),20 ng/mL Activin A誘導(dǎo)組類胰島細(xì)胞的Insulin和C-peptide分泌量、Insulin和Pdx1基因表達(dá)量均極顯著高于其他3個Activin A誘導(dǎo)組。此外,在葡萄糖刺激下空白對照組的細(xì)胞也具有分泌Insulin和C-peptide的功能,可能與高濃度葡萄糖具有誘導(dǎo)胰腺導(dǎo)管干細(xì)胞向胰島細(xì)胞分化的作用有關(guān)(Hardikar et al.,2003;Kim et al.,2013)。本研究雖然全面驗證了Activin A體外定向誘導(dǎo)大鼠胰腺導(dǎo)管干細(xì)胞分化形成β細(xì)胞的能力,但其具體作用機(jī)制仍需進(jìn)一步探究。
4 結(jié)論
Activin A能體外誘導(dǎo)大鼠胰腺導(dǎo)管干細(xì)胞分化形成胰島β細(xì)胞,且以基礎(chǔ)培養(yǎng)液中添加20 ng/mL Activin A的誘導(dǎo)效果最佳。
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(責(zé)任編輯 蘭宗寶)