李峰濤

【摘 要】 目的：探討并評(píng)價(jià)住院麻風(fēng)康復(fù)者的綜合健康狀況。方法：調(diào)查2016年5月至2017年7月在本院進(jìn)行治療的麻風(fēng)患者100例，讓患者填寫(xiě)自測(cè)問(wèn)卷，記錄多菌型麻風(fēng)康復(fù)者與少菌型麻風(fēng)康復(fù)者的例數(shù)及畸殘等級(jí)狀況，并統(tǒng)計(jì)兩種菌型麻風(fēng)康復(fù)者的主要畸殘部位及各個(gè)部位形成的表現(xiàn)。結(jié)果：多菌型麻風(fēng)康復(fù)者比少菌型麻風(fēng)康復(fù)者多，且兩種菌型康復(fù)者的二級(jí)畸殘率最高（P<0.05）。兩種菌型麻風(fēng)康復(fù)者的主要畸殘部位為手部、足部與眼部，并且會(huì)形成爪型手、足底潰瘍、兔眼等表現(xiàn)（P<0.05）。結(jié)論：住院的麻風(fēng)病患者在康復(fù)過(guò)程中，畸殘狀況不容樂(lè)觀，二級(jí)畸殘率較高，要合理有效地對(duì)麻風(fēng)康復(fù)者的綜合健康狀況進(jìn)行及時(shí)的調(diào)查，完善康復(fù)的手段，加強(qiáng)對(duì)康復(fù)者的護(hù)理。

【關(guān)鍵詞】 住院麻風(fēng)康復(fù)者;綜合健康狀況;調(diào)查評(píng)價(jià)

Investigation and evaluation of comprehensive health status of leprosy survivors in Hanzhong Sanatorium of Shaanxi province

Li fengtao

Shaanxi Hanzhong Sanatorium， leProsy Prevention and control， Hanzhong，Shaanxi 723000

[Abstract] Objective：To explore and evaluate the comprehensive health status of patients who recovered from leprosy in hospital. Methods： A total of 100 cases of leprosy patients treated in our hospital from May 2016 to July 2017 were investigated. Patients were asked to fill in a self-test questionnaire， and the cases and teratodisability grades of the patients who recovered from bacterial leprosy and the patients who recovered from less bacterial leprosy were recorded， and the main teratodefects and the formation of various parts of the two types of bacterial leprosy were counted. Results： There were more patients who were cured of leprosy with more bacteria than those who were cured of leprosy with less bacteria， and the rate of secondary teratodisability was the highest （P<0.05）. The main deformed parts of the patients who recovered from the two types of leprosy were hands， feet and eyes， and the manifestations of claw hand， foot ulcer and rabbit eyes were also formed （P<0.05）. Conclusion： In the rehabilitation process of hospitalized leprosy patients， the teratological disability status is not optimistic， the rate of secondary teratological disability is high， it is necessary to reasonably and effectively carry out a timely investigation of the comprehensive health status of leprosy patients， improve the means of rehabilitation， and strengthen the nursing of the patients.

[Key words]Hospitalized lepers; Comprehensive health status; Investigation and evaluation

麻風(fēng)病是由麻風(fēng)桿菌引起的一種慢性傳染病，它是由遺傳、環(huán)境等多種內(nèi)外在因素共同導(dǎo)致的，通過(guò)抑制人體細(xì)胞免疫導(dǎo)致發(fā)病，主要侵犯皮膚黏膜、周?chē)窠?jīng)干以及內(nèi)臟器官，早期主要表現(xiàn)為感覺(jué)障礙，再發(fā)展表現(xiàn)為周?chē)窠?jīng)感覺(jué)麻木等，嚴(yán)重的還會(huì)導(dǎo)致手部、足部或眼部殘疾。最近幾年來(lái)，對(duì)麻風(fēng)患者進(jìn)行有效的康復(fù)在臨床領(lǐng)域得到較大的關(guān)注度[1]。伴隨著人民生活水平、醫(yī)療水平的進(jìn)步和麻風(fēng)康復(fù)活動(dòng)的開(kāi)展，對(duì)麻風(fēng)患者的康復(fù)取得了有效的進(jìn)展，使麻風(fēng)患者的綜合健康狀況得到了顯著的改善。本文作者選擇2016年5月至2017年7月在本院進(jìn)行治療的麻風(fēng)患者100例，對(duì)麻風(fēng)康復(fù)者的綜合健康狀況進(jìn)行探究與分析，報(bào)道如下。

1 資料與方法

1.1 一般資料

調(diào)查2016年5月至2017年7月在本院進(jìn)行治療的麻風(fēng)患者100例，讓所選患者填寫(xiě)身體狀況自測(cè)問(wèn)卷，其中多菌型麻風(fēng)康復(fù)者70例，年齡48～61歲，平均年齡（55.23±6.45）歲。少菌型麻風(fēng)康復(fù)者30例，年齡49～63歲，平均年齡（56.16±9.57）歲。患者均知情并同意本研究，一般資料具有可比性（P>0.05）。