李紅娟

自然災(zāi)害是當(dāng)今世界面臨的重大問題之一，不但影響經(jīng)濟(jì)、社會(huì)的可持續(xù)發(fā)展，并且威脅人類的生存。災(zāi)后，我們個(gè)人可以做什么來(lái)幫助災(zāi)區(qū)呢？

The wrong donations end up costing charities precious dollars just to store leftovers—which is why clothing may not be the best use of your donation efforts. Learn how you can help families and communities in the most resourcewise ways with these ideas.

Think of the children

“Childrens needs are important during disasters，” said Paul Grattan， Jr.， a sergeant and 17year veteran（老手） of the New York City Police Department who has disaster responseandrecovery experience. “As families impacted by a disaster try to shield their children from the effects， they seek to supply them with the entertainment， toys， snacks， juices， candies， and other treats and comfort items they are accustomed to， particularly in lessimmediate postdisaster environments.” Turn your dollars into toys and entertainment options for kids of all ages. Shelters can accept these donations and distribute them appropriately.

Donate your skills to your community

If you are trained in disaster response， you can contact your local emergency services and the Red Cross to see if they are seeking volunteers. Let them know your capabilities and availability. They will follow up if theyre ready to deploy volunteers. Do not go as an individual volunteer to a disaster zone expecting to find ways to help.

Spend time caring for families and individuals at shelters

“Time and comfort are the two most important things you can give free of charge，” said Carole Lieberman， MD， a psychiatrist and author. “Spend time listening to the victims with a compassionate ear. Bring books， and read to the children.” If youre not near the affected area， Lieberman said you can also help sponsor companies to bring therapy dogs， books， or food to shelters or communities.

Become a volunteer now for the future

“Aside from financial donations， volunteering is the best way to give，” Gustafson said. However， you have to begin this process long before any disaster hits. The Red Cross， and relief organizations like a trained group of volunteers who can jump into action. They dont have the resources to train during relief periods.

Give cash

For international disasters， the USAID Center for International Disaster Information strongly recommends donating cash. “When people donate material items to those affected by international disasters， the items themselves are costly to ship， and often items are not what is needed at that moment，” says a spokesperson for the relief organization. Just make sure youre donating to an organization you can trust.

Reading Check

1. Whats the meaning of the underlined word in paragraph 2？

A. Protect. B. Educate. C. Escape. D. Separate.

2. Who can choose to donate their skills to their communities？

A. People who have a lot of time.

B. People who are trained in disaster response.

C. People who have much experience in caring.

D. People who like children very much.

3. Why do relief organizations like trained volunteers？

A. They dont have the right to train volunteers.

B. They dont have the time to train volunteers.

C. They dont have the resources to train volunteers.

D. They dont have the capabilities to train volunteers.

Language Study

Sentence for writing

For international disasters， the USAID Center for International Disaster Information strongly recommends donating cash. 對(duì)于國(guó)際災(zāi)難，美國(guó)國(guó)際開發(fā)署災(zāi)難信息中心強(qiáng)烈建議捐款。

【信息提取】...strongly recommend doing...意為“……強(qiáng)烈建議做……”。

【句式仿寫】這些專家強(qiáng)烈建議每年一定把機(jī)器檢修一次。

主題應(yīng)用·語(yǔ)庫(kù)構(gòu)建

Ⅰ. 熱詞積累

1. 災(zāi)難名稱

earthquake 地震

avalanche 雪崩

tsunami 海嘯

landslide 山體滑坡

mudslide 泥石流

forest fire 森林大火

flood 洪水

typhoon 臺(tái)風(fēng)

drought 干旱

hail 冰雹

hurricane 颶風(fēng)

downpour 暴雨

blizzard 暴風(fēng)雪

dust storm 沙塵暴

haze 霾

volcano eruption 火山爆發(fā)

2. 相關(guān)動(dòng)詞

erupt 噴發(fā)

destroy 毀壞

damage 損害

cause 造成

rescue 救援

help/assist 幫助

donate 捐贈(zèng)

rebuild 重建

preserve 保存;保護(hù)

disappear 消失;滅絕;消亡

attempt 企圖;試圖;嘗試

recover 恢復(fù);康復(fù)

remove 去除;移開;脫去

intend 打算;計(jì)劃;想要

threaten 威脅;危及

exist 存在;生存

3. 表示心理狀態(tài)的形容詞

honest 誠(chéng)實(shí)的

trustful 充滿信任的

brave 勇敢的

generous 慷慨的

enthusiastic 熱心的

responsible 負(fù)責(zé)的

helpful 有益的

frightened 害怕的

desperate 絕望的

useful 有用的

hopeful 有希望的

confident 有信心的

discouraged 失望的

4. 相關(guān)短語(yǔ)

prevent...from... 防止……

protect...from... 保護(hù)……免受……的侵害

do harm to 對(duì)……造成損害

in ruins 嚴(yán)重受損

come to ones rescue 來(lái)救某人

suffer from 遭受

break out 爆發(fā)

put out the fire 撲滅火

take part in 加入

take place 發(fā)生

escape from 逃離

lose ones life 失去生命

be covered with 被……覆蓋

be flooded with 被……淹沒

return to normal 恢復(fù)正常

cause great damage 造成巨大的損害

blow away 刮走

wash away 沖走

lead to 導(dǎo)致

turn to 向……求助

Ⅱ. 話題金句

1. I learned that a terrible earthquake happened in your city. I am really concerned about you and your family. 我得知你們城市發(fā)生了一場(chǎng)可怕的地震。我真的很擔(dān)心你和你的家人。

2. I？蒺m so sorry to hear about the disaster， which caused six deaths and left more than 500 persons injured， 29 persons missing and over 200 houses falling down. 得知這場(chǎng)災(zāi)難我感到很難過，它造成6人死亡，500多人受傷，29人失蹤，200多所房屋倒塌。

3. The Chinese people are donating money and materials to fight the earthquake. 全國(guó)人民正在為抗震救災(zāi)捐款、捐物。

4. Every effort will be made to save lives if there is the slightest hope. 如果有一線希望，就要千方百計(jì)挽救生命。

5. The emergency workers continued to search the ruined buildings for victims and succeeded in saving some survivors. 救援隊(duì)員們繼續(xù)在倒塌的樓房中搜尋遇難者，成功地救出了幾名幸存者。

6. We must take effective measures to help the villagers to rebuild their homes. 我們必須采取有效的措施來(lái)幫助村民們重建家園。

7. What amazed me was that the old man devoted all his money to supporting the local school. 讓我吃驚的是，這位老人捐出所有的錢來(lái)資助當(dāng)?shù)貙W(xué)校。

8. What impressed me most is the way the people face the disaster. 給我印象最深的是人們面對(duì)災(zāi)難的方式。

9. The little boy was the only one surviving the earthquake in his village. 這個(gè)小男孩是他的村子里唯一一個(gè)在地震中幸存下來(lái)的人。

10. Quantities of supplies were transported to the local people immediately the flood happened. 洪水一發(fā)生，大量的物資就被運(yùn)送給當(dāng)?shù)厝恕?/p>

11. Shortly after suffering from a massive earthquake， the city took on a new look. 在遭受大地震后不久，這座城市面貌煥然一新。

12. With so many miners buried under the mine， none of the rescue workers would stop to have a rest. 有這么多礦工被埋在礦井下，沒有一個(gè)救援人員會(huì)停下來(lái)休息。

Ⅲ. 情境應(yīng)用

假定你是李華，是一名不久前經(jīng)歷了地震的中學(xué)生。請(qǐng)你就以下內(nèi)容向報(bào)社寫一封信，反映災(zāi)后情況，并對(duì)提供各方面幫助的愛心人士表達(dá)謝意。要點(diǎn)如下：

1. 目睹了人們奮不顧身救人，及時(shí)運(yùn)送救援物資;

2. 在眾多陌生人的幫助下，找回自己的父母，正在重建家園;

3. 更加珍惜來(lái)之不易的學(xué)習(xí)機(jī)會(huì)，將來(lái)會(huì)努力學(xué)習(xí)，回報(bào)他人。

注意：

1. 詞數(shù)100左右;

2. 開頭和結(jié)尾已經(jīng)給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。

Dear editor，

I'm a senior student that has experienced a great earthquake. I wrote to you to express my thanks to those who helped us when we suffered the disaster. ? ?________________________

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Yours，

Li Hua