錢(qián)望陽(yáng)
2020 年1月讀后續(xù)寫(xiě)題型再次出現(xiàn)在浙江省高考英語(yǔ)科目寫(xiě)作第二節(jié),該題型提供一段350詞以?xún)?nèi)的語(yǔ)言材料,要求考生根據(jù)該材料內(nèi)容、所給段落開(kāi)頭語(yǔ)和所標(biāo)示關(guān)鍵詞語(yǔ)進(jìn)行續(xù)寫(xiě)(150詞左右),將其發(fā)展成一篇與給定材料有邏輯銜接、情節(jié)和結(jié)構(gòu)完整的短文。讀后續(xù)寫(xiě)既考查學(xué)生對(duì)所學(xué)語(yǔ)言知識(shí)的運(yùn)用能力,又考查學(xué)生的發(fā)散思維能力和創(chuàng)造力。該題型要求考生首先要讀懂已有信息,不僅能讀懂字面含義,還要理清文章的脈絡(luò)和關(guān)系。續(xù)寫(xiě)短文時(shí),考生需要明白故事的發(fā)展進(jìn)程、前因后果、地理位置變化、人物特征和情感等。在此基礎(chǔ)上,考生順著文章的思路,根據(jù)線(xiàn)索,發(fā)揮想象,對(duì)其后的情節(jié)進(jìn)行合理預(yù)測(cè),并用英語(yǔ)表達(dá)出來(lái)。同時(shí),在組織語(yǔ)言時(shí),切記至少使用5個(gè)給出的提示詞。下面是對(duì)本次高考讀后續(xù)寫(xiě)試題的分析:
一、所給材料和題目要求
閱讀下面短文,根據(jù)所給情節(jié)進(jìn)行續(xù)寫(xiě),使之構(gòu)成一個(gè)完整的故事。
“Im going to miss you so much, Poppy,” said the tall, thin teenager. He bent down to hug his old friend goodbye. He stood up, hugged his parents, and smiled, trying not to let his emotions(情緒)get the better of him.
His parents were not quite able to keep theirs under control. They had driven their son several hours out of town to the university where he would soon be living and studying. It was time to say goodbye for now at least. The family hugged and smiled through misty eyes and then laughed.
The boy lifted the last bag onto his shoulder, and flashed a bright smile. “I guess this is it,” he said. “Ill see you back home in a month, okay?” His parents nodded, and they watched as he walked out of sight into the crowds of hundreds of students and parents. The boys mother turned to the dog, “Okay, Poppy, time to go back home.”
The house seemed quiet as a tomb without the boy living there. All that week, Poppy didnt seem interested in her dinner, her favorite toy, or even in her daily walk. Her owners were sad too, but they knew their son would be back to visit. Poppy didnt.
They offered the dog some of her favorite peanut butter treats. They even let her sit on the sofa, but the old girl just wasnt her usual cheerful self. Her owners started to get worried. “What should we do to cheer Poppy up?” asked Dad. “Weve tried everything.”
“I have an idea, but it might be a little crazy,” smiled Mom. “Without anybody left in the house but us, this place could use a bit of fun. Lets get a little dog for Poppy.”
It didnt take long before they walked through the front door carrying a big box. Poppy welcomed them home as usual, but when she saw the box, she stopped. She put her nose on it. Her tail began wagging(擺動(dòng))ever so slowly, then faster as she caught the smell.
注意:
1.所續(xù)寫(xiě)短文的詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右;
2.至少使用5個(gè)短文中標(biāo)有下劃線(xiàn)的關(guān)鍵詞語(yǔ);
3.續(xù)寫(xiě)部分分為兩段,每段的開(kāi)頭語(yǔ)已為你寫(xiě)好;
4.續(xù)寫(xiě)完成后,請(qǐng)用下劃線(xiàn)標(biāo)出你所使用的關(guān)鍵詞語(yǔ)。
Para 1 Dad opened the box and a sweet little dog appeared.
Para 2 A few weeks later the boy arrived home from university.
二、試題分析
1.故事梗概
本次試題中的短文是仍然是記敘文,全文共346詞, 主要講述了父母和Poppy送少年上大學(xué)后,Poppy不知主人還會(huì)回來(lái)而郁郁寡歡。父母嘗試各種方法無(wú)果后,為Poppy領(lǐng)養(yǎng)了一只小狗以幫助Poppy走出情緒困境。該故事以“人與動(dòng)物”為主題,以寵物狗Poppy的情感為主線(xiàn),貼近生活,情節(jié)明晰。語(yǔ)言通俗易懂,以生活用語(yǔ)為主,劃線(xiàn)詞能靈活地穿插到各段落,適合學(xué)生續(xù)寫(xiě)。原文語(yǔ)言地道,清晰,續(xù)寫(xiě)創(chuàng)作必須要有堅(jiān)實(shí)的語(yǔ)言基礎(chǔ)才能與原文風(fēng)格保持一致,同時(shí)考生需要展現(xiàn)適當(dāng)?shù)耐行暮拓S富的想象力才能寫(xiě)出出彩的文章。
2. 故事線(xiàn)索與邏輯
所給短文共有7段。故事背景包括:
When:after the boy went to university
Where: at home Who: Poppy; Puppy; the boy and his parents
What: Poppy was unhappy, so the boys parents got a puppy to cheer her up.
Why: Because the boy was away from home
因此從小說(shuō)要素入手,在角色連續(xù)、地點(diǎn)連線(xiàn)、時(shí)間連續(xù)的基礎(chǔ)上,故事的第1至3段描述的是故事的背景:告別的場(chǎng)面(departure),為下文故事的展開(kāi)埋下伏筆。第4,5兩段逐漸展開(kāi)故事的主干:分離后,Poppy 情緒低落。最后兩段描寫(xiě)父母想出了一個(gè)大膽的想法來(lái)為Poppy療傷。
根據(jù)故事不同發(fā)展階段,寵物狗Poppy有如下的情感變化:reluctant, depressed, calm.
總的來(lái)說(shuō)所給原文的故事情節(jié)就是為了突出poppy對(duì)其主人的愛(ài)與依賴(lài),以及the boy 和他的父母之間的愛(ài)意。因此在續(xù)寫(xiě)故事,構(gòu)思情節(jié)時(shí)要顧及到這一點(diǎn), 所以這樣的故事結(jié)尾應(yīng)該是一個(gè)有愛(ài)的幸福的結(jié)局。
3.關(guān)鍵詞語(yǔ)
本次讀后續(xù)寫(xiě)試題所給短文標(biāo)出的10個(gè)關(guān)鍵詞語(yǔ)中有6個(gè)名詞,2個(gè)動(dòng)詞,2個(gè)形容詞,具體可分為以下類(lèi)別:
人物: Poppy, parents, boy, dog
環(huán)境: university; box
動(dòng)作行為: watch; hug
狀態(tài):back
情感:cheerful
三、答題建議
1. 文體結(jié)構(gòu)
全文以記敘文體為主。試題說(shuō)明中明確指出“續(xù)寫(xiě)部分分為兩段”,因此考生應(yīng)緊接每段的開(kāi)頭語(yǔ)答題。詞數(shù)要求在150詞左右(詞數(shù)沒(méi)有上限,但是不能少于130詞),建議兩段的詞數(shù)最好基本保持平衡。
2. 情節(jié)內(nèi)容:Possible development
根據(jù)原文的文本大意,可以推斷出新狗狗到達(dá)后的兩種結(jié)果:
1)在新狗狗的陪伴下Poppy 恢復(fù)了往日的快樂(lè);
2)Poppy因?yàn)槟泻⒌碾x開(kāi)依然很孤獨(dú),不能與狗狗相處。
從以上對(duì)文本的解讀分析結(jié)合兩個(gè)段首句可以推測(cè)續(xù)寫(xiě)的主要情節(jié):
Para1: 主要寫(xiě)狗狗的到來(lái)給家里帶來(lái)的變化,尤其是Poppy所產(chǎn)生的變化。本段可以增加的細(xì)節(jié)描寫(xiě)包括:對(duì)新狗狗適當(dāng)?shù)耐饷?,?dòng)作描寫(xiě);Poppy的反應(yīng);父母的反應(yīng)及家庭氛圍的變化。
3. 語(yǔ)言表達(dá)
1)時(shí)態(tài)
所給短文敘述的是發(fā)生在過(guò)去的事情,采用過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài),因此,考生在續(xù)寫(xiě)故事時(shí)應(yīng)沿用過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)。
2)語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)
語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)的豐富性和準(zhǔn)確性是續(xù)寫(xiě)評(píng)分時(shí)的一個(gè)重要標(biāo)準(zhǔn),所以考生應(yīng)避免句型單一化,盡量使用不同的語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)。
3)細(xì)節(jié)描寫(xiě)
如果說(shuō)情節(jié)是故事的骨架,那么細(xì)節(jié)就是故事的血肉。精彩生動(dòng)的故事情節(jié)需要在細(xì)節(jié)描寫(xiě)中展現(xiàn),使人受到感染并留下深刻印象,這就要求考生要善于在敘事中進(jìn)行適當(dāng)?shù)拿鑼?xiě)。例如,在第一段可以通過(guò)對(duì)Poppy的動(dòng)作和神態(tài)描寫(xiě),表達(dá)她見(jiàn)到Puppy的開(kāi)心,(cant take her eyes off the little pretty dog; dance with beam, wag; bark)第二段可以描寫(xiě)男孩的興奮與感動(dòng)。(a wild joy took hold of him; amazement gleamed in his eyes; try to fight back his tears)
4)語(yǔ)句銜接
這是記敘文體的文章,情節(jié)的發(fā)展通常按照時(shí)間順序展開(kāi),所以考生在續(xù)寫(xiě)故事時(shí)應(yīng)該有效地使用表示時(shí)間的短語(yǔ)或從句,使語(yǔ)句更加連貫、結(jié)構(gòu)更加緊湊。例如: the instant he entered the house; then; no sooner…than等, 不太建議使用first, second, last這樣機(jī)械的關(guān)聯(lián)詞。
總而言之,考生應(yīng)該以“點(diǎn)、線(xiàn)、面”的方式從小說(shuō)要素出發(fā),以角色情感為主線(xiàn),架構(gòu)故事情節(jié),豐富故事語(yǔ)言。